高温条件下营养盐对江蓠生长与氮、磷去除效率的影响
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摘要
以两种大型红藻菊花江蓠和脆江蓠为试验材料,开展为期30d的养殖试验,通过分析江蓠的生长和氮、磷变化特征,研究在25℃条件下不同质量浓度氮(磷)营养盐——1.65(0.23)mg/L、4.12(0.57)mg/L、8.24(1.14)mg/L、12.35(1.71)mg/L、16.5(2.28)mg/L对江蓠生长和去除效率的影响。试验结果表明,整个试验周期各组菊花江蓠相对生长速率无显著性差异(P>0.05),分段研究发现,各组相对生长速率均有随时间的增加而下降的趋势;氮(磷)质量浓度超过8.24(1.14)mg/L各试验组的脆江蓠相对生长速率显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),且在养殖超过10d后,表现为负增长,并随着营养盐质量浓度的升高出现负增长加快的趋势。各试验组氮、磷去除效率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),营养盐质量浓度相同的条件下,菊花江蓠对磷的去除效率显著高于脆江蓠(P<0.05);两种江蓠对水体中氮、磷的去除时段均主要集中在0～10d。营养盐质量浓度对两种江蓠的氮、磷吸收速率产生显著的影响,吸收速率随氮、磷质量浓度的升高而增大。研究结果表明,在25℃及氮(磷)质量浓度小于8.24(1.14)mg/L时,菊花江蓠对水体中的氮、磷营养盐有很好的去除效果,且能维持正常生长。
The sea weeds Gracilarialichenoidesand G.chouae were cultivated in N(P)concentration of1.65(0.23)mg/L,4.12(0.57)mg/L,8.24(1.14)mg/L,12.35(1.71)mg/L,and 16.5(2.28)mg/L at water temperature of 25℃for 30 days to evaluate the effects of nutrient concentrations on removal efficiency of NO_3~--N and PO_4~(3-)-P and growth of the sea weeds.The results showed that there was no significant difference in relative growth rate(RGR)in the experimental group of G.lichenoides,the declined RGR of G.lichenoides with the cultivation elapse.The G.chouae had significantly lower RGR at N(P)concentration of over 8.24(1.14)mg/L than the sea weed in the other groups did,showing negative growth in more than 10 day culture.There was significantly higher removal efficiency of NO_3~--N and PO_4~(3-)-P in the test groups than that in the control group.Under the same nutrient concentration,G.lichenoides had significantly higher removal efficiency of PO_4~(3-)-P than G.chouae did.The removal of N and P was primarily observed in the 0to 10 days in the two species seaweed,and significantly affected by the N and P uptake of two species seaweed,the uptake rate being increased with the nutrient concentrations.The findings indicate that G.lichenoides is more efficient at remov of N and P at water temperature of25℃at nutrient concentration of below 8.24(1.14)mg/L.
The sea weeds Gracilarialichenoidesand G.chouae were cultivated in N(P)concentration of1.65(0.23)mg/L,4.12(0.57)mg/L,8.24(1.14)mg/L,12.35(1.71)mg/L,and 16.5(2.28)mg/L at water temperature of 25℃for 30 days to evaluate the effects of nutrient concentrations on removal efficiency of NO_3~--N and PO_4~(3-)-P and growth of the sea weeds.The results showed that there was no significant difference in relative growth rate(RGR)in the experimental group of G.lichenoides,the declined RGR of G.lichenoides with the cultivation elapse.The G.chouae had significantly lower RGR at N(P)concentration of over 8.24(1.14)mg/L than the sea weed in the other groups did,showing negative growth in more than 10 day culture.There was significantly higher removal efficiency of NO_3~--N and PO_4~(3-)-P in the test groups than that in the control group.Under the same nutrient concentration,G.lichenoides had significantly higher removal efficiency of PO_4~(3-)-P than G.chouae did.The removal of N and P was primarily observed in the 0to 10 days in the two species seaweed,and significantly affected by the N and P uptake of two species seaweed,the uptake rate being increased with the nutrient concentrations.The findings indicate that G.lichenoides is more efficient at remov of N and P at water temperature of25℃at nutrient concentration of below 8.24(1.14)mg/L.
引文
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[13]范皖苏.菊花江蓠(Gracilaria lichevoides)对环境因子的适应性及其营养体低温保种技术初步研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2011.
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[15]隋正红,张学成.藻红蛋白研究进展[J].海洋科学,1998,22(4):24-27.
[16]庞瑛.四种水华蓝藻磷吸收存储机制研究[D].昆明:云南大学,2016.
[17]张鑫,邹定辉,徐智广,等.大气CO2浓度升高和氮加富对羊栖菜有关生理生化特征的影响[J].南方水产科学,2007,3(3):35-40.
[18]邵飞,费岚,吴海龙,等.环境因子及藻体密度对条斑紫菜生长与氮磷去除效率的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(21):6164-6171.
[19]郑辉.3种典型大型海藻对富营养化水体氮磷净化效果的分析[J].科技通报,2016,32(3):222-225.
[20]姜宏波,田相利,董双林,等.不同营养盐因子对鼠尾藻氮、磷吸收速率的影响[J].中国海洋大学学报:自然科学版,2007,37(增刊):175-180.
[21]刘静雯,董双林.氮饥饿细基江蓠繁枝变型和孔石莼氨氮的吸收动力学特征[J].海洋学报:中文版,2004,40(2):95-103.
[22]邢其坤.藻类渗透压胁迫研究进展[J].科教导刊:电子版,2017(6):191-192.
[2] Marinho-Soriano E,Panucci R A,Carneiro M A A,et al.Evaluation of Gracilaria caudata J.Agardh for bioremediation of nutrients from shrimp farming wastewater[J].Bioresource Technology,2009,100(24):6192-6198.
[3]许妍,董双林,金秋.几种大型海藻对赤潮异弯藻生长抑制效应的初步研究[J].中国海洋大学学报:自然科学版,2005,35(3):475-477.
[4] Lomas M W,Glibert P M.Interactions between NH4+and NO3-uptake and assimilation:comparison of diatoms and dinoflagellates at several growth temperatures[J].Marine Biology,1999,133(3):541-551.
[5]钱鲁闽,徐永健,王永胜.营养盐因子对龙须菜和菊花江蓠氮磷吸收速率的影响[J].台湾海峡,2005,24(4):546-552.
[6]黄鹤忠,梁建生,张群英.菊花江蓠(Gracilaria lichenoides)对N、P吸收效应及其细胞超微结构变化[J].海洋与湖沼,2013,44(1):95-102.
[7]卢晓,李美真,王志刚,等.光照和温度对脆江蓠的生长和生化组成的影响[J].中国水产科学,2014,21(6):1236-1243.
[8]詹冬梅,李美真,王翔宇,等.温度和光照对脆江蓠吸收NH4+-N、PO43--P的影响[J].水产科学,2011,30(12):774-776.
[9]洪敏娜,杨莺莺,梁晓华,等.江蓠与有益菌协同净化模拟养殖废水效果的研究[J].中国渔业质量与标准,2014,4(1):33-37.
[10]张文文,郭永坚,李俊伟,等.营养盐对海萝生长和藻体生化成分的影响[J].南方水产科学,2016,12(2):30-35.
[11]国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB 17378.4—2007,海洋监测规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[12]李恒,李美真,徐智广,等.不同营养盐浓度对3种大型红藻氮、磷吸收及其生长的影响[J].中国水产科学,2012,19(3):462-470.
[13]范皖苏.菊花江蓠(Gracilaria lichevoides)对环境因子的适应性及其营养体低温保种技术初步研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2011.
[14]金玉林,吴文婷,陈伟洲.不同温度和盐度培养条件对脆江蓠生长及生化组分影响[J].南方水产科学,2012,8(2):51-57.
[15]隋正红,张学成.藻红蛋白研究进展[J].海洋科学,1998,22(4):24-27.
[16]庞瑛.四种水华蓝藻磷吸收存储机制研究[D].昆明:云南大学,2016.
[17]张鑫,邹定辉,徐智广,等.大气CO2浓度升高和氮加富对羊栖菜有关生理生化特征的影响[J].南方水产科学,2007,3(3):35-40.
[18]邵飞,费岚,吴海龙,等.环境因子及藻体密度对条斑紫菜生长与氮磷去除效率的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(21):6164-6171.
[19]郑辉.3种典型大型海藻对富营养化水体氮磷净化效果的分析[J].科技通报,2016,32(3):222-225.
[20]姜宏波,田相利,董双林,等.不同营养盐因子对鼠尾藻氮、磷吸收速率的影响[J].中国海洋大学学报:自然科学版,2007,37(增刊):175-180.
[21]刘静雯,董双林.氮饥饿细基江蓠繁枝变型和孔石莼氨氮的吸收动力学特征[J].海洋学报:中文版,2004,40(2):95-103.
[22]邢其坤.藻类渗透压胁迫研究进展[J].科教导刊:电子版,2017(6):191-192.