一种空间相变换热器热设计与仿真分析及其改进
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摘要
基于相变计算方法即焓法处理相变材料凝固/融化模型,对一个以水为主动冷却介质,内填充石蜡类相变蓄热材料的板式相变换热器的换热进行数值模拟.得到了不同重力条件下冷却面的温度分布,相变材料在融化过程中的动态温度场分布、相变界面分布、融化时间等结果,验证了该相变换热器的可行性.对比该相变换热器在重力与微重力不同条件下的性能差异,利用添加强化传热肋片与泡沫复合相变材料方法,提高了微重力条件下该类相变换热器的效率,可为空间相变蓄热装置的设计及实验研究提供重要参考.
Phase Change Material(PCM) is widely used in energy storage due to its huge latent heat. To overcome its drawback of poor thermal conductivity, a Phase Change Heat Exchangers(PCHE) which combine the advantage of heat exchanger and PCM is designed. It can be used cooling high density of heat flow rate surface in aero-space. Based on the phase change computing methods—Enthalpy method for solidification and melting model, the numerical simulation of a kind of plate PCHE, which used water and paraffin as cooling medium and phase-change material, is studied. The transient temperature distribution, solid-liquid phase interface changes and melting time are obtained under different gravity conditions. The results show the performances of PCHE satisfy the design request, comparing the results under different gravity conditions, Heat Transfer Enhancement Method(HTEM) is used by add fins and metal or ceramic foams to improve the efficiency of the PCHE under microgravity. It is valuable to the design and experiment research of space PCHE.
Phase Change Material(PCM) is widely used in energy storage due to its huge latent heat. To overcome its drawback of poor thermal conductivity, a Phase Change Heat Exchangers(PCHE) which combine the advantage of heat exchanger and PCM is designed. It can be used cooling high density of heat flow rate surface in aero-space. Based on the phase change computing methods—Enthalpy method for solidification and melting model, the numerical simulation of a kind of plate PCHE, which used water and paraffin as cooling medium and phase-change material, is studied. The transient temperature distribution, solid-liquid phase interface changes and melting time are obtained under different gravity conditions. The results show the performances of PCHE satisfy the design request, comparing the results under different gravity conditions, Heat Transfer Enhancement Method(HTEM) is used by add fins and metal or ceramic foams to improve the efficiency of the PCHE under microgravity. It is valuable to the design and experiment research of space PCHE.
引文
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[2]ZHANG Yanping,HU Hanping,KONG Xiangdong,et al.Phase Change Material for Energy Storage:Theory and Applications[M].Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China Press,1996(张寅平,胡汉平,孔祥冬,等.相变贮能:理论和应用[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1996)
[3]HOU Zengqi,HU J ingang.Thermal Test Technology for Spacecraft:Principle and Applications[M].Beijing:Science and Technology of China Press,2008(侯增祺,胡金刚.航天器热控制技术:原理及其应用[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2008)
[4]BIRUR G,NOVAK K.Novel Thermal Control Approaches for Mars Rovers[R].USA:NASA,2006
[5]SHAO Xingguo,XIANG Yanchao,TAN Changhai.Heatpipe applications and test in Chang'E-1 satellite[J].Spacecr.Eng.,2008,17(1):63-67(邵兴国,向艳超,谭沧海.嫦娥一号卫星热控设计中热管的应用及验证[J].航天器工程,2008,17(1):63-67)
[6]MULLIGAN J C,COLVIN D P,BRYANT Y G.Microencapsulated phase-change material suspensions for heat transfer in spacecraft thermal systems[J].J.Spacecr.Rockets,1996,33(2):278-284
[7]LAMBERG P,LEHTINIEMI R,HENELL A M.Numerical and experimental investigation of melting and freezing processes in phase change material storage[J].Int.J.Therm.Sci.,2004,43(3):277-287
[8]SHENG Qiang,XING Yuming.Experimental research and numerical simulation on melting and solidification of metal foam composite phase change material[J].J.Funct.Mater.,2013,44(15):2170-2174(盛强,邢玉明.泡沫复合相变材料储放热过程的实验数值模拟研究[J].功能材料,2013,44(15):2170-2174)
[9]YU Jianzu.Heat Exchanger Design and Principle[M].Beijing:Beihang University Press,2005(余建祖.换热器原理与设计[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005)
[10]WEI Huidong.Design and Analysis of Cold Plate for Full Height Electronic Equipment[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2012(魏慧冬.全高度电子设备冷却用冷板设计分析[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2012)
[11]GUO Chaxiu,ZHANG Wujun,WEI Xinli,et al.Numerical simulation for heat transfer problem in paraffin storage slab[J].Energy Technol.,2006,27(6):243-248(郭茶秀,张务军,魏新利,等.板式石蜡储热器传热的数值模拟[J].能源技术,2006,27(6):243-248)
[12]HAN Zhanzhong,WANG Jing,LAN Xiaoping.FLUENT Calculation and Application of Fluid Engineering Simulation[M].Beijing:Beijing Institute of Technology Press,2004(韩占忠,王敬,兰小平.FLUENT流体工程仿真计算实例与应用[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2004)
[13]WANG Ruijin,ZHANG Kai,WANG Gang.FLUENT Fundamental Technology and Application[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2007(王瑞金,张凯,王刚.FLUENT技术基础与应用实例[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2007)