日本《幼儿期运动指南》对我国幼儿体育发展的启示
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摘要
对2012年日本文部省出台的针对幼儿体育发展的战略性报告《幼儿期运动指南》进行解读:日本文部省为实现幼儿体育所独有的增强体质、预防疾病、开发智力、培养社会性等目的,运用丰富运动内容、保障运动时间、优化运动环境、加强家园协作、建立完善测评等途径解决幼儿运动所面临的多样性、动态性、适宜性不足等问题。对今后我国幼儿体育发展的启示:未来我国幼儿体育发展应以评价标准为基础,以"内容-时间-空间"三位一体为路径,以"幼儿园-家庭-社区"三位一体为协同,形成双向联动的体育模式。
The authors carried out a systematic, comprehensive and in-depth interpretation and analysis on the Early Childhood Exercise Guide, a strategic report aiming at young children sports development, issued by the Ministry of Education of Japan in 2012, and concluded that for realizing such goals particularly own by young children sports as improving physical fitness, preventing diseases, developing intelligence and cultivating sociality, the Ministry of Education of Japan had solved such problems as the deficiencies of diversity, dynamic nature and suitability by ways of using rich sports contents, ensuring sports time, optimizing sports environments, strengthening family and kindergarten cooperation, establishing and perfecting assessments, etc. Inspirations to young children sports development in China in the future are as follows: young children sports development in China in the future should form a bidirectional linking sports mode by using evaluation standards as the foundation, the trinity of "content, time and space" as the path, and the trinity of "kindergarten, family and community" as the synergy.
The authors carried out a systematic, comprehensive and in-depth interpretation and analysis on the Early Childhood Exercise Guide, a strategic report aiming at young children sports development, issued by the Ministry of Education of Japan in 2012, and concluded that for realizing such goals particularly own by young children sports as improving physical fitness, preventing diseases, developing intelligence and cultivating sociality, the Ministry of Education of Japan had solved such problems as the deficiencies of diversity, dynamic nature and suitability by ways of using rich sports contents, ensuring sports time, optimizing sports environments, strengthening family and kindergarten cooperation, establishing and perfecting assessments, etc. Inspirations to young children sports development in China in the future are as follows: young children sports development in China in the future should form a bidirectional linking sports mode by using evaluation standards as the foundation, the trinity of "content, time and space" as the path, and the trinity of "kindergarten, family and community" as the synergy.
引文
[1]决胜全面建成小康社会夺取新时代中国特色社会主义伟大胜利--在中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会上的报告[EB/OL].[2018-04-27].http://www.gov.cn/zhuanti/2017-10/27/content_5234876.htm.
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[4]文部科学省(2011)体力向上の基礎を培うための幼児期における実践活動の在り方に関する調査研究[EB/OL].[2018-04-27].http://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/sports/youjiki/index.htm.
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[7]日本小児保健協会(2011)平成22年度幼児健康度調査委員会.平成22年度幼児健康度調査速報版[EB/OL][2018-04-27].http://www.mext.go.jp/c_menu/sports/kodo/data/1300819.htm.
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[10]RIDGERS N D,STRATTON G,FAIRCLOUGH SJ.Physical activity levels of children during school playtime[J].Sports Medicine,2006,36(4):359-371.
[11]全海英,马超.情境启动体育游戏对幼儿合作行为的影响[J].体育学刊,2014,21(2):95-98.
[12]关博,杨兆山,张茉.情景体育游戏对5~6岁幼儿社会性发展的研究[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2013,32(1):37-41.
[13]黄贵,苏永骏.论陈鹤琴幼儿体育教育理论的现代价值[J].体育与科学,2012,33(4):116-120.
[14]王磊,司虎克,张业安,等.国外关于体育空间和设施特征与少年儿童体育活动关系研究进展[J].体育学刊,2016,23(1):80-86.
[15]GUILLAUME M,LAPIDUS L,BJORNTORP P,et al.Physical activity,obesity,and car-diovascular risk factors in children.The Belgian Luxembourg Child Study II[J].Obesity research,1997,5(6):549-556.
[16]KEADLE S K,CONROY D E,BUMAN M P,et al.Targeting reductions in sitting time to increase physical activity and improve health[J].Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,2017,49(8):1572-1582.
[17]US.Department of health and human services:2008physical activity guidelines for Americans[EB/OL].[2018-04-27].https://health.gov/paguidelines/guidelines/.
[18]ROBERTS K C,YAO X Q,CARSON V,et al.Meeting the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guid-elines for Children and Youth[J].Health Reports,2017,28(10):3-7.
[19]教育部.每天1小时体育活动列入课表[EB/OL][2018-04-27].http://old.moe.gov.Cn//publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/Moe/s5147/201203/132004.html.
[20]LOPRINZI P D,CARDINAL B J,LOPRINZI K L,et al.Benefits and environmental determi-nants of physical activity in children and adolescents[J].Obesity Facts,2012,5(4):597-610.
[21]DENTRO K N,BEALS K,CROUTER S E,et al.Results from the United States’2014 report card on physical activity for children and youth[J].J Phys Act Health,2014,11(Supp 1):S105-S112.
[22]张加林,唐炎,胡月英,等.基于人类发展指数的儿童青少年身体活动国际比较[J].体育科学,2016,36(1):3-11.
[23]FAULKNER G E,BULIUNG R N,FLORA P K,et al.Active school transport,physical act-ivity levels and body weight of children and youth:a systematic review[J].Prev Med,2009,48(1):3-8.
[24]CLELAND V,CRAWFORD D,BAR L A,et al.Aprospective examination of children’s time spent outdoors,objectively measured physical activity and overweight[J].Int J Obesity,2008,32:1685-1693.
[25]沈建华,肖焕禹,龚文浩.论学校体育、家庭体育、社会体育三位一体实施素质教育[J].上海体育学院学报,2000,24(1):6-8.
[26]安桂清,任富恒.学校与社区“教育一体化”研究--以上海市世博家园社区“快乐三点半”项目为例[J].中国教育学刊,2015,39(6):38-42.
[2]中央全面深化改革领导小组第二十二次会议[EB/OL][2018-04-27].http://www.XinHu anet.com/politics/2016-03/22/c_1118409089.htm.
[3]全国卫生与健康大会[EB/OL][2018-04-27].http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-08/20/content_5101024.htm.
[4]文部科学省(2011)体力向上の基礎を培うための幼児期における実践活動の在り方に関する調査研究[EB/OL].[2018-04-27].http://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/sports/youjiki/index.htm.
[5]日本文部科学省.幼児期運動指針ガイドブック[EB/OL].[2018-04-27].http://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/sports/undousisin/1319772.htm.
[6]文部科学省(2010)平成22年度.学校保健統計調査報告書[EB/OL].[2018-04-27].http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/toukei/chousa05/hoken/1268826.htm.
[7]日本小児保健協会(2011)平成22年度幼児健康度調査委員会.平成22年度幼児健康度調査速報版[EB/OL][2018-04-27].http://www.mext.go.jp/c_menu/sports/kodo/data/1300819.htm.
[8]庄弼,任绮,李孟宁,等.幼儿体育活动及其内容体系的思考[J].体育学刊,2015,22(6):64-70.
[9]文部科学省(2010)平成22年度.全国体力?運動能力、運動習慣等調査報告書[EB/OL].[2018-04-27].http://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/sports/kodomo/zencyo/1300107.htm.
[10]RIDGERS N D,STRATTON G,FAIRCLOUGH SJ.Physical activity levels of children during school playtime[J].Sports Medicine,2006,36(4):359-371.
[11]全海英,马超.情境启动体育游戏对幼儿合作行为的影响[J].体育学刊,2014,21(2):95-98.
[12]关博,杨兆山,张茉.情景体育游戏对5~6岁幼儿社会性发展的研究[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2013,32(1):37-41.
[13]黄贵,苏永骏.论陈鹤琴幼儿体育教育理论的现代价值[J].体育与科学,2012,33(4):116-120.
[14]王磊,司虎克,张业安,等.国外关于体育空间和设施特征与少年儿童体育活动关系研究进展[J].体育学刊,2016,23(1):80-86.
[15]GUILLAUME M,LAPIDUS L,BJORNTORP P,et al.Physical activity,obesity,and car-diovascular risk factors in children.The Belgian Luxembourg Child Study II[J].Obesity research,1997,5(6):549-556.
[16]KEADLE S K,CONROY D E,BUMAN M P,et al.Targeting reductions in sitting time to increase physical activity and improve health[J].Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,2017,49(8):1572-1582.
[17]US.Department of health and human services:2008physical activity guidelines for Americans[EB/OL].[2018-04-27].https://health.gov/paguidelines/guidelines/.
[18]ROBERTS K C,YAO X Q,CARSON V,et al.Meeting the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guid-elines for Children and Youth[J].Health Reports,2017,28(10):3-7.
[19]教育部.每天1小时体育活动列入课表[EB/OL][2018-04-27].http://old.moe.gov.Cn//publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/Moe/s5147/201203/132004.html.
[20]LOPRINZI P D,CARDINAL B J,LOPRINZI K L,et al.Benefits and environmental determi-nants of physical activity in children and adolescents[J].Obesity Facts,2012,5(4):597-610.
[21]DENTRO K N,BEALS K,CROUTER S E,et al.Results from the United States’2014 report card on physical activity for children and youth[J].J Phys Act Health,2014,11(Supp 1):S105-S112.
[22]张加林,唐炎,胡月英,等.基于人类发展指数的儿童青少年身体活动国际比较[J].体育科学,2016,36(1):3-11.
[23]FAULKNER G E,BULIUNG R N,FLORA P K,et al.Active school transport,physical act-ivity levels and body weight of children and youth:a systematic review[J].Prev Med,2009,48(1):3-8.
[24]CLELAND V,CRAWFORD D,BAR L A,et al.Aprospective examination of children’s time spent outdoors,objectively measured physical activity and overweight[J].Int J Obesity,2008,32:1685-1693.
[25]沈建华,肖焕禹,龚文浩.论学校体育、家庭体育、社会体育三位一体实施素质教育[J].上海体育学院学报,2000,24(1):6-8.
[26]安桂清,任富恒.学校与社区“教育一体化”研究--以上海市世博家园社区“快乐三点半”项目为例[J].中国教育学刊,2015,39(6):38-42.