单双层U形不锈钢波纹管液压胀形变形特征对比研究
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摘要
基于ABAQUS平台,建立了单层和双层U形不锈钢波纹管液压胀形及回弹有限元模型,解决了建模中的关键问题,采用动态显示算法分析胀形过程,静态隐式算法求解回弹过程,并通过与实验获得的波纹管轮廓对比验证了模型的可靠性。基于此模型,对比分析了单层和双层波纹管胀形过程中的壁厚分布和轮廓特征。采用壁厚变化率反映壁厚变化情况,采用波厚、波高和波距变化量衡量波形尺寸的变化。研究发现:单层波纹管减薄率方面大于双层波纹管,双层波纹管内层壁厚减薄率大于外层;双层波纹管回弹后的尺寸变化大于单层管。
Based on ABAQUS platform,FE models for single and bi-layered U-shaped stainless steel bellows hydroforming were established,and the key problems in modeling were solved. Furthermore,dynamic explicit algorithm was adopted for the bulging stage and standard implicit algorithm was used for the springback stage,and the reliability of FE model was verified by comparing with the experiment results. The wall thickness distributions and bellow profiles of single and bi-layered bellows were comparatively analyzed. The changes of the wall thickness can be shown by the change rate of wall thickness,and the waveform size can be measured by change values of wave thickness,wave height and wave distance. The results show that wall thinning rate of the single layered bellow is higher than that of the bi-layered bellow,and for bi-layered bellow,wall thinning rate of its inner layer is higher than that of the outer layer. After springback,the dimension change of the bi-layered bellow is more obvious than that of the single layered bellow.
Based on ABAQUS platform,FE models for single and bi-layered U-shaped stainless steel bellows hydroforming were established,and the key problems in modeling were solved. Furthermore,dynamic explicit algorithm was adopted for the bulging stage and standard implicit algorithm was used for the springback stage,and the reliability of FE model was verified by comparing with the experiment results. The wall thickness distributions and bellow profiles of single and bi-layered bellows were comparatively analyzed. The changes of the wall thickness can be shown by the change rate of wall thickness,and the waveform size can be measured by change values of wave thickness,wave height and wave distance. The results show that wall thinning rate of the single layered bellow is higher than that of the bi-layered bellow,and for bi-layered bellow,wall thinning rate of its inner layer is higher than that of the outer layer. After springback,the dimension change of the bi-layered bellow is more obvious than that of the single layered bellow.
引文
[1]Furushima T,Hung N Q,Manabe K,et al.Development of semidieless metal bellows forming process[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2013,213(8):1406-1411.
[2]刘丽君,徐振廷.金属波纹管行业现状及发展建议[J].管道技术与设备,1993,(1):2-3.Liu L J,Xu Z T.Advance and development proposals of metallic bellows industry[J].Pipeline Technology and Equipment,1993,(1):2-3.
[3]朱宇,万敏,周应科,等.复杂异形截面薄壁环形件动模液压成形研究[J].航空学报,2012,(5):912-919.Zhu Y,Wan M,Zhou Y K,et al.Hydroforming of complicated thin-walled circular parts with irregular section by using moving dies[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2012,(5):912-919.
[4]Alaswad A,Benyounis K Y,Olabi A G.Tube hydroforming process:A reference guide[J].Materials&Design,2012,33:328-339.
[5]黄志勇,陈伟,陈勇,等.波纹管液压成形及其仿真中问题研究[J].压力容器,2002,(Z1):137-140.Huang Z Y,Chen W,Chen Y,et al.Bellow hydraulic forming and its simulation research[J].Pressure Vessel Technology,2002,(Z1):137-140.
[6]Lee S W.Study on the forming parameters of the metal bellows[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2002,130-131:47-53.
[7]Faraji G,Mashhadi M M,Norouzifard V.Evaluation of effective parameters in metal bellows forming process[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2009,209(7):3431-3437.
[8]郎振华.多层S型波纹管力学性能分析[D].大连:大连理工大学,2012.Lang Z H.Mechanical Property Analysis of Multilayer S-shaped Bellows[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2012.
[9]宋林红,黄乃宁,林国栋,等.CAE在波纹管成形数值模拟中的应用[J].管道技术与设备,2010,(4):35-37.Song L H,Huang N N,Lin G D,et al.Application of CAE in numerical simulation of bellows forming[J].Pipeline Technology and Equipment,2010,(4):35-37.
[10]Bakhshi-Jooybari M,Elyasi M,Gorji A.Numerical and experimental investigation of the effect of the pressure path on forming metallic bellows[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part B:Journal of Engineering Manufacture,2010,224:95-101.
[2]刘丽君,徐振廷.金属波纹管行业现状及发展建议[J].管道技术与设备,1993,(1):2-3.Liu L J,Xu Z T.Advance and development proposals of metallic bellows industry[J].Pipeline Technology and Equipment,1993,(1):2-3.
[3]朱宇,万敏,周应科,等.复杂异形截面薄壁环形件动模液压成形研究[J].航空学报,2012,(5):912-919.Zhu Y,Wan M,Zhou Y K,et al.Hydroforming of complicated thin-walled circular parts with irregular section by using moving dies[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2012,(5):912-919.
[4]Alaswad A,Benyounis K Y,Olabi A G.Tube hydroforming process:A reference guide[J].Materials&Design,2012,33:328-339.
[5]黄志勇,陈伟,陈勇,等.波纹管液压成形及其仿真中问题研究[J].压力容器,2002,(Z1):137-140.Huang Z Y,Chen W,Chen Y,et al.Bellow hydraulic forming and its simulation research[J].Pressure Vessel Technology,2002,(Z1):137-140.
[6]Lee S W.Study on the forming parameters of the metal bellows[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2002,130-131:47-53.
[7]Faraji G,Mashhadi M M,Norouzifard V.Evaluation of effective parameters in metal bellows forming process[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2009,209(7):3431-3437.
[8]郎振华.多层S型波纹管力学性能分析[D].大连:大连理工大学,2012.Lang Z H.Mechanical Property Analysis of Multilayer S-shaped Bellows[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2012.
[9]宋林红,黄乃宁,林国栋,等.CAE在波纹管成形数值模拟中的应用[J].管道技术与设备,2010,(4):35-37.Song L H,Huang N N,Lin G D,et al.Application of CAE in numerical simulation of bellows forming[J].Pipeline Technology and Equipment,2010,(4):35-37.
[10]Bakhshi-Jooybari M,Elyasi M,Gorji A.Numerical and experimental investigation of the effect of the pressure path on forming metallic bellows[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part B:Journal of Engineering Manufacture,2010,224:95-101.