单塔双循环脱硫系统结垢问题研究
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摘要
单塔双循环高效脱硫技术在超低排放节能改造中多被采用,然而部分采用单塔双循环脱硫系统的燃煤电厂出现集液盘下方最高喷淋层结垢严重的现象,喷淋层也有较多喷嘴与支管发生堵塞。以A、B两电厂为例,通过对现场设备与系统的检查,垢样及堵塞物实验室成分分析,以及脱硫塔流场分布数值模拟,分析认为上述问题与集液盘尺寸、附近流场分布、浆液池容积、浆液pH值控制等因素有关。为解决集液盘下方最高喷淋层结垢严重的问题,应从脱硫系统设计入手,加强运行参数控制。B电厂将集液盘下方最高层喷淋层喷嘴换为双向喷嘴,同时加强了运行过程中的补浆调整及相关参数控制,使问题得以解决。
Single tower with dual loop desulfurization system has been widely used in the retrofit of ultra-low emission. However,severe scale problem has taken place in the top slurry spray layer under the slurry collecting bowl in some coal-fired power plants with some nozzle and branch pipe of slurry spray layer also blocked. In this paper, two coal-fired power plants denoted by A and B are taken as examples. Through the examination of the on-site equipment and system, the analysis on the composition of scale sample in laboratory, and the numerical simulation on the flow field distribution of the desulfurization tower using CFD software, it is concluded that the scale problems are related to the size of slurry collecting bowl, nearby flow distribution, the volume of the slurry tank and pH of the slurry. In order to avoid the scale problem, starting from desulfurization tower design, operation parameters control and equipment maintenance should be enforced strictly. In power plant B, the one-way nozzles of the top slurry spray layer under the slurry collecting bowl had been replaced with two-way nozzles and the operation parameters have been also improved.Eventually, the scale problem of power plant B was solved successfully.
Single tower with dual loop desulfurization system has been widely used in the retrofit of ultra-low emission. However,severe scale problem has taken place in the top slurry spray layer under the slurry collecting bowl in some coal-fired power plants with some nozzle and branch pipe of slurry spray layer also blocked. In this paper, two coal-fired power plants denoted by A and B are taken as examples. Through the examination of the on-site equipment and system, the analysis on the composition of scale sample in laboratory, and the numerical simulation on the flow field distribution of the desulfurization tower using CFD software, it is concluded that the scale problems are related to the size of slurry collecting bowl, nearby flow distribution, the volume of the slurry tank and pH of the slurry. In order to avoid the scale problem, starting from desulfurization tower design, operation parameters control and equipment maintenance should be enforced strictly. In power plant B, the one-way nozzles of the top slurry spray layer under the slurry collecting bowl had been replaced with two-way nozzles and the operation parameters have been also improved.Eventually, the scale problem of power plant B was solved successfully.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国国务院办公厅.国务院办公厅关于印发能源发展战略行动计划(2014-2020年)的通知[A].2014-11-19.
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[19]张军梅.提高电站湿法脱硫系统效率及可靠性的几点措施[J].中国电力,2013,46(5):13-17.ZHANG Junmei.Several measures of improving the efficiency and reliability of FGD system in power plant[J].Electric Power,2013,46(5):13-17.
[20]CHIEN T W,CHU H,HSU W C,et al.A feasibility study on the predictive emission monitoring system applied to the Hsinta power plant of Taiwan Power Company[J].Journal of the Air&Waste Management Association,2003,53(8):1022-1028.
[21]ZHANG Y G,WANG H S,SOMESFALEAN G,et al.Broadband UV spectroscopy system used for monitoring of SO2 and NOemissions from thermal power plants[J].Atmospheric Environment,2010,44(34):4266-4271.
[22]董梅,周惠良.宁夏电厂脱硫塔除雾器结垢的影响因素分析[J].辽宁化工,2012,41(10):1094-1096.DONG Mei,ZHOU Huiliang.Influencing factors analysis of the scale formation in the mist eliminator of Ningxia power plant[J].Liaoning Chemical Industry,2012,41(10):1094-1096.
[23]王加刚.Belco脱硫塔的在线清洗[J].清洗世界,2014,30(5):1-3.WANG Jiagang.Online cleaning of Belco desulfurization tower[J].Cleaning World,2014,30(5):1-3.
[24]徐文胜,马志刚.湿法脱硫塔入口烟道流场的优化分析[J].能源工程,2011,6(6):48-51.XU Wensheng,MA Zhigang.Optimization on the entry section of FGD scrubber by numerical simulation[J].Energy Engineering,2011,6(6):48-51.
[25]胡满银,刘松涛,刘炳伟,等.湿式脱硫装置脱硫效率的回归分析[J].中国电力,2004,37(7):71-73.HU Manyin,LIU Songtao,LIU Bingwei,et al.Regressive analysis of desulfurization efficiency of wet desulfurizer[J].Electric Power,2004,37(7):71-73.
[2]中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会,中华人民共和国环境保护部,中华人民共和国国家能源局.关于印发《煤电节能减排升级与改造行动计划(2014-2020年)》的通知[A].2014-09-12.
[3]环境保护部,国家发展和改革委员会,国家能源局.关于印发《全面实施燃煤电厂超低排放和节能改造工作方案》的通知(环发[2015]164号)[A].2015-12-11.
[4]NAZARI S,SHAHHOSEINI O,SOHRABI-KASHANI A,et al.Experimental determination and analysis of CO2,SO2 and NOx emission factors in Iran’s thermal power plants[J].Energy,2010,35(7):2992-2998.
[5]XU Yuan.Improvements in the operation of SO2 scrubbers in China’s coal power plants[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2011,45(2):380-385.
[6]GUTTIKUNDA S K,JAWAHAR P.Atmospheric emissions and pollution from the coal-fired thermal power plants in India[J].Atmospheric Environment,2014,92:449-460.
[7]李兴华,何育东.燃煤火电机组SO2超低排放改造方案研究[J].中国电力,2015,48(10):148-151.LI Xinghua,HE Yudong.Study on modification of ultra-low SO2emission in coal-fired power plants[J].Electric Power,2015,48(10):148-151.
[8]郑楷,谢芳,周博儒.我国燃煤发电脱硫工程问题研究[J].中国电力,2009,42(2):66-72.ZHENG Kai,XIE Fang,ZHOU Boru.Study about the question of generate electricity by coal-fired sweeten engineering in China[J].Electric Power,2009,42(2):66-72.
[9]李娜.石灰石-石膏法单塔双循环烟气脱硫工艺介绍[J].硫酸工业,2014(6):45-48.LI Na.Technology of flue gas desulphurization utilizing single desulphurization tower and double cycling of desulphurizing solution by limestone-gypsum method[J].Sulphuric Acid Industry,2014(6):45-48.
[10]YOU C F,XU X C.Coal combustion and its pollution control in China[J].Energy,2010,35(11):4467-4472.
[11]燃煤烟气脱硫设备性能测试方法:GB/T 21508-2008[S].2008.
[12]感耦等离子体原子发射光谱方法通则:JY/T 015-1996[S].1997.
[13]顾永正,李旭,马士庆.脱硫系统吸收塔内部流场数值模拟[J].热力发电,2013,42(3):31-34.GU Yongzheng,LI Xu,MA Shiqing.Numerical simulation on internal flow field of flue gas desulfurization absorber[J].Thermal Power Generation,2013,42(3):31-34.
[14]NEVEUX T,MOULLEC Y L.Wet industrial flue gas desulfurization unit:Model development and validation on industrial data[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2011,50(12):7579-7592.
[15]沈健,董强强,黄剑文.脱硫石膏脱水困难原因分析及对策[J].中国电力,2017,50(6):125-129.SHEN Jian,DONG Qiangqiang,HUANG Jianwen.Cause analysis and countermeasures on difficulties in dehydration of desulfurized gypsum[J].Electric Power,2017,50(6):125-129.
[16]关维竹,陈鸥,祝业青.中国燃煤电厂二氧化硫污染控制工作分析与建议[J].中国电力,2017,50(5):172-177.GUAN Weizhu,CHEN Ou,ZHU Yeqing.Analysis and suggestions on sulfur dioxide emission control for coal-fired power plants in China[J].Electric Power,2017,50(5):172-177.
[17]魏宏鸽,徐明华,柴磊,等.双塔双循环脱硫系统的运行现状分析与优化措施探讨[J].中国电力,2016,49(10):132-135.WEI Hongge,XU Minghua,CHAI Lei,et al.Current operation state analysis and optimization method exploration on double-tower double-cycle wet-FGD systems[J].Electric Power,2016,49(10):132-135.
[18]梁磊,马洪玉,丁华,等.石灰-石膏法烟气脱硫系统塔内浆液p H值及密度测量改进[J].中国电力,2012,45(9):80-84.LIANG Lei,MA Hongyu,DING Hua,et al.Improvement in p Hvalue and density measurement for slurry in tower of lime-gypsum FGD systems[J].Electric Power,2012,45(9):80-84.
[19]张军梅.提高电站湿法脱硫系统效率及可靠性的几点措施[J].中国电力,2013,46(5):13-17.ZHANG Junmei.Several measures of improving the efficiency and reliability of FGD system in power plant[J].Electric Power,2013,46(5):13-17.
[20]CHIEN T W,CHU H,HSU W C,et al.A feasibility study on the predictive emission monitoring system applied to the Hsinta power plant of Taiwan Power Company[J].Journal of the Air&Waste Management Association,2003,53(8):1022-1028.
[21]ZHANG Y G,WANG H S,SOMESFALEAN G,et al.Broadband UV spectroscopy system used for monitoring of SO2 and NOemissions from thermal power plants[J].Atmospheric Environment,2010,44(34):4266-4271.
[22]董梅,周惠良.宁夏电厂脱硫塔除雾器结垢的影响因素分析[J].辽宁化工,2012,41(10):1094-1096.DONG Mei,ZHOU Huiliang.Influencing factors analysis of the scale formation in the mist eliminator of Ningxia power plant[J].Liaoning Chemical Industry,2012,41(10):1094-1096.
[23]王加刚.Belco脱硫塔的在线清洗[J].清洗世界,2014,30(5):1-3.WANG Jiagang.Online cleaning of Belco desulfurization tower[J].Cleaning World,2014,30(5):1-3.
[24]徐文胜,马志刚.湿法脱硫塔入口烟道流场的优化分析[J].能源工程,2011,6(6):48-51.XU Wensheng,MA Zhigang.Optimization on the entry section of FGD scrubber by numerical simulation[J].Energy Engineering,2011,6(6):48-51.
[25]胡满银,刘松涛,刘炳伟,等.湿式脱硫装置脱硫效率的回归分析[J].中国电力,2004,37(7):71-73.HU Manyin,LIU Songtao,LIU Bingwei,et al.Regressive analysis of desulfurization efficiency of wet desulfurizer[J].Electric Power,2004,37(7):71-73.