莫尔条纹在印刷品加密信息中的再现研究
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摘要
本文研究如何利用莫尔条纹原理解释图书加密信息的解密。首先设计加密再现实验装置,利用光学显微镜测量加密卡和解密卡光栅常量,用面探测器记录形成的莫尔条纹,从而得到了加密信息再现的实验结果,接着理论分析得到了莫尔条纹的周期公式,最后将改变解密卡与加密卡的夹角获得的实验结果即当夹角余弦值从0.948 8到0.999 4变化时,对应的莫尔条纹周期从0.38 mm变化到6.27 mm,与理论结果进行了分析对比,分析表明实验结果与理论分析一致,从而论证了莫尔条纹在信息解密中的应用,这有助于增进对莫尔条纹在信息安全和防伪领域中应用的理解。
In this paper,we study the role of Moiré fringe playing in the decryption of encrypted prints.Firstly,an experimental scheme for representing the encrypted information hidden in the prints is designed,in which the grating period and Moiré patterns are measured by means of the optical microscope and plane detector,respectively,and thus the corresponding experimental results are obtained.Then,we theoretically derive the spatial period of Moiré pattern from the view of spatial frequency and analyze the factors that affect the Moiré pattern period.Finally,we compare the experimental results with the theoretical results.The experimental results show that the period of Moiré patterns(from 0.38 mm to 6.27 mm) is a function of the cosine angle(from 0.948 8 to 0.999 4) between the encryption card and decryption card.The experimental results are consistent with the theoretical analysis and the application of Moiré patterns in information encryption is demonstrated.The results maybe help us to deepen the understanding of the application of Moiré effect in fields such as information security and information encryption.
In this paper,we study the role of Moiré fringe playing in the decryption of encrypted prints.Firstly,an experimental scheme for representing the encrypted information hidden in the prints is designed,in which the grating period and Moiré patterns are measured by means of the optical microscope and plane detector,respectively,and thus the corresponding experimental results are obtained.Then,we theoretically derive the spatial period of Moiré pattern from the view of spatial frequency and analyze the factors that affect the Moiré pattern period.Finally,we compare the experimental results with the theoretical results.The experimental results show that the period of Moiré patterns(from 0.38 mm to 6.27 mm) is a function of the cosine angle(from 0.948 8 to 0.999 4) between the encryption card and decryption card.The experimental results are consistent with the theoretical analysis and the application of Moiré patterns in information encryption is demonstrated.The results maybe help us to deepen the understanding of the application of Moiré effect in fields such as information security and information encryption.
引文
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[10] Yen K,Ratnam M.In-plane displacement sensing from circular grating moiré fringes using graphical analysis approach[J].Sensor Review,2011,31(4):358-367.
[11] ZHAO Yong,SU Xian-yu,Zhang Qi-can.Phase subdivision of absolute coding grating and application in displacement measurement[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2011,31(08):143-147.赵勇,苏显渝,张启灿.绝对编码光栅的相位细分及其在位移测量中的应用[J].光学学报,2011,31(08):143-147.
[12] Ri S,Muramatsu T,Saka M,et al.Accuracy of the sampling moiré method and its application to deflection measurements of large-scale structures[J].Experimental Mechanics,2012,52(4):331-340.
[13] YU Xue, LIU Qing-gang, LIU Chao, et al.Talbot- Moiré effect-based roll angle measurement and its image processing[J].Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering,2017,15(3):217-221.于雪,刘庆纲,刘超,等.基于泰伯-莫尔效应的滚转角测量方法及其图像处理[J].纳米技术与精密工程,2017,15(3):217-221.
[14] WANG Shao-tong,ZHU Rui,HAN Yu,et al.Study on the new method to obtain the displacement of Moire fringe[J].Geomatics & Spatial Information Technology,2018,41(3):181-183.王少同,朱芮,韩瑜,等.获取莫尔条纹位移量新方法的研究[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2018,41(3):181-183.
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[16] Miao H,Alireza P,Gomella A A,et al.A universal Moiré effect and application in X-Ray phase-contrast imaging[J].Nature Physics,2016,12(9):830-834.
[17] Bonnet R,Lherbier A,Barraud C,et al.Charge transport through one-dimensional Moiré crystals[J].Scientific Reports,2016,6:19701.
[18] Sarenac D,Pushin D A,Huber,et al.Three Phase-Grating Moiré Neutron Interferometer for Large Interferometer Area Applications[J].Physical Review Letters,2018,120(11):113201.
[19] LIU Wen-xia,CHEN Yong-li,LIAO Ning-fang,et al.Study of printing security based on grating phase encoding[J].Journal of Optoelectronics·Laser,2011,22(11):1706-1709.刘文霞,陈永利,廖宁放,等.基于光栅编码的印刷防伪研究[J].光电子·激光,2011,22(11):1706-1709.
[20] ZHU Jian-le,CAO Peng,CAO Xiao-he.Visual cryptography in books and application research on copyright protection and value-added services[J].Journal of Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication,2017,25(2):26-29.朱建乐,曹鹏,曹晓鹤.可视加密在图书版权保护与增值服务方面的应用研究[J].北京印刷学院学报,2017,25(2):26-29.
[21] Palevicius P,Aleksa A,Maskeliunas R,et al.Circular geometric moiré for degradation prediction of mechanical components performing angular oscillations[J].Mechanical Systems & Signal Processing,2017,86(A):278-285.
[22] Palevicius A,Janusas G,Ragulskis M,et al.Design,analysis and application of dynamic visual cryptography for visual inspection of biomedical systems[C].Netherlands:Springer,Dordrecht,2018,223-232.
[23] SU Xian-yu,LI Ji-tao,CAO Yi-ping,et al,Information optics[M].2th edition.Beijing:Science Press,2011,185-196.苏显渝,李继陶,曹益平,等.信息光学,北京: 科学出版社[M].第二版.北京:科学出版社,2011,184-196.
[24] Cheremkhin P A,Krasnov V V,Rodin V G,et al.Optical encryption of digital data in form of quick response code using spatially incoherent illumination[C].USA:Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers,2016,1017619.
[25] Pepper A.Colour holography:perception versus technical reality[J].Encyclopedia of Modern Optics Ⅱ,2018,4:102-105.
[26] Kong D,Cao L,Shen X,et al.Image encryption based on interleaved computer-generated holograms[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2018,14(2):673-678.
[2] HUANG Fu-ying,TANG Zhen-hua,QIN Tuan-fa.A hologr-aphic watermarking algorithm based on double random phase encryption[J].Modern Electronics Technique,2018,41(12):31-35.黄福莹,唐振华,覃团发.一种基于双随机相位加密的全息水印算法[J].现代电子技术,2018,41(12):31-35.
[3] Wang Y,Liu Q,Wang J,et al.Optical encryption of multiple three-dimensional objects based on multiple interferences and single-pixel digital holography[J].Chinese Physics B,2018,27(3):034202.
[4] ZHANG Zhou, LIU Guo-dong, GAO Yi-qing,et al. A 3-D encryption technique using computer-generated hologram[J].Optical Technique,2008,34(S1):8-10.张洲,刘国栋,高益庆,等.使用计算全息进行三维信息加密的方法研究[J].光学技术,2008,34(S1):8-10.
[5] JI Jin,HUANG Fei,WANG Liang,et al.Information encry-ption based on digital holography and phase retrieve algorithm[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2007,34(10):1408-1412.季瑾,黄飞,王亮,等.利用数字全息和相位恢复算法实现信息加密[J].中国激光,2007,34(10):1408-1412.
[6] Cheremkhin P A,Evtikhiev N N,Krasnov V V,et al.Asymmetric optical encryption technique implementing spatially incoherent illumination[C].USA:SPIE,2018.106791Y.
[7] Pignatiello F,De Rosa M,Ferraro P,et al.Measurement of the thermal expansion coefficients of ferroelectric crystals by a moiré interferometer[J].Optics Communications,2007,277(1):14-18.
[8] Chan H M,Yen K S,Ratnam M M.Crack displacement sensing and measurement in concrete using circular grating moire fringes and pattern matching[J].Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering,2008,7155(13):715529-715529-8.
[9] ZHU Pei,ZHANG Da-wei,HUANG Yuan-shen,et al.Review on the precision positioning grating scale[J].Laser Journal,2010,31(1):1-3.朱沛,张大伟,黄元申,等.精密定位光栅尺的研究进展[J].激光杂志,2010,31(1):1-3.
[10] Yen K,Ratnam M.In-plane displacement sensing from circular grating moiré fringes using graphical analysis approach[J].Sensor Review,2011,31(4):358-367.
[11] ZHAO Yong,SU Xian-yu,Zhang Qi-can.Phase subdivision of absolute coding grating and application in displacement measurement[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2011,31(08):143-147.赵勇,苏显渝,张启灿.绝对编码光栅的相位细分及其在位移测量中的应用[J].光学学报,2011,31(08):143-147.
[12] Ri S,Muramatsu T,Saka M,et al.Accuracy of the sampling moiré method and its application to deflection measurements of large-scale structures[J].Experimental Mechanics,2012,52(4):331-340.
[13] YU Xue, LIU Qing-gang, LIU Chao, et al.Talbot- Moiré effect-based roll angle measurement and its image processing[J].Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering,2017,15(3):217-221.于雪,刘庆纲,刘超,等.基于泰伯-莫尔效应的滚转角测量方法及其图像处理[J].纳米技术与精密工程,2017,15(3):217-221.
[14] WANG Shao-tong,ZHU Rui,HAN Yu,et al.Study on the new method to obtain the displacement of Moire fringe[J].Geomatics & Spatial Information Technology,2018,41(3):181-183.王少同,朱芮,韩瑜,等.获取莫尔条纹位移量新方法的研究[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2018,41(3):181-183.
[15] Greivenkamp Jr J E,Palum R J,Sullivan K G.Method and apparatus for absolute Moire distance measurements using a grating printed on or attached to a surface[P].US.1991,Patent 5075562.
[16] Miao H,Alireza P,Gomella A A,et al.A universal Moiré effect and application in X-Ray phase-contrast imaging[J].Nature Physics,2016,12(9):830-834.
[17] Bonnet R,Lherbier A,Barraud C,et al.Charge transport through one-dimensional Moiré crystals[J].Scientific Reports,2016,6:19701.
[18] Sarenac D,Pushin D A,Huber,et al.Three Phase-Grating Moiré Neutron Interferometer for Large Interferometer Area Applications[J].Physical Review Letters,2018,120(11):113201.
[19] LIU Wen-xia,CHEN Yong-li,LIAO Ning-fang,et al.Study of printing security based on grating phase encoding[J].Journal of Optoelectronics·Laser,2011,22(11):1706-1709.刘文霞,陈永利,廖宁放,等.基于光栅编码的印刷防伪研究[J].光电子·激光,2011,22(11):1706-1709.
[20] ZHU Jian-le,CAO Peng,CAO Xiao-he.Visual cryptography in books and application research on copyright protection and value-added services[J].Journal of Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication,2017,25(2):26-29.朱建乐,曹鹏,曹晓鹤.可视加密在图书版权保护与增值服务方面的应用研究[J].北京印刷学院学报,2017,25(2):26-29.
[21] Palevicius P,Aleksa A,Maskeliunas R,et al.Circular geometric moiré for degradation prediction of mechanical components performing angular oscillations[J].Mechanical Systems & Signal Processing,2017,86(A):278-285.
[22] Palevicius A,Janusas G,Ragulskis M,et al.Design,analysis and application of dynamic visual cryptography for visual inspection of biomedical systems[C].Netherlands:Springer,Dordrecht,2018,223-232.
[23] SU Xian-yu,LI Ji-tao,CAO Yi-ping,et al,Information optics[M].2th edition.Beijing:Science Press,2011,185-196.苏显渝,李继陶,曹益平,等.信息光学,北京: 科学出版社[M].第二版.北京:科学出版社,2011,184-196.
[24] Cheremkhin P A,Krasnov V V,Rodin V G,et al.Optical encryption of digital data in form of quick response code using spatially incoherent illumination[C].USA:Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers,2016,1017619.
[25] Pepper A.Colour holography:perception versus technical reality[J].Encyclopedia of Modern Optics Ⅱ,2018,4:102-105.
[26] Kong D,Cao L,Shen X,et al.Image encryption based on interleaved computer-generated holograms[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2018,14(2):673-678.