双级时效对液态模锻6061铝合金性能的影响
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摘要
利用加热炉、硬度计、拉伸试验机等设备研究了液态模锻6061铝合金在单级时效、双级时效等不同时效制度下的力学性能。结果表明:同单级时效相比,双级时效处理对合金的硬度影响不大。双级时效条件下,预时效和终时效温度顺序对液态模锻6061铝合金合金的抗拉强度影响不大,主要影响合金的屈服强度和伸长率;终时效温度越高合金屈服强度越高,强化速率越快,伸长率下降也越大。液态模锻6061铝合金在560℃固溶5 h后经200℃预时效1 h,185℃终时效3. 5 h时具有较好的力学性能,抗拉强度达到362. 2 MPa,屈服强度达到311. 5 MPa,伸长率为12. 1%。
The mechanical properties of liquid die-forged 6061 aluminum alloy with single-stage aging and two-stage aging treatment were studied by using heating furnace,hardness tester,tensile testing machine. As results,compared with single-stage aging treatment,under the condition of two-stage aging,the effect of pre-aging and final aging temperature on the tensile strength of the 6061 Al alloy is insignificant,which mainly affects the yield strength and elongation of the alloy. The higher the final aging temperature,the higher the yield strength and the strengthening rate,at the same time the greater the decrease of the elongation. With the two-stage aging treatment,i. e. solution treated at 560 ℃ for 5 h,pre-aged at 200 ℃ for 1 h and then final aged at 185 ℃ for 3. 5 h. The tensile strength,the yield strength and the elongation of the liquid forged 6061 aluminum alloy can reach 362. 2 MPa,311. 5 MPa,and 12. 1%,respectively,which is better than the properties of single-stage aging.
The mechanical properties of liquid die-forged 6061 aluminum alloy with single-stage aging and two-stage aging treatment were studied by using heating furnace,hardness tester,tensile testing machine. As results,compared with single-stage aging treatment,under the condition of two-stage aging,the effect of pre-aging and final aging temperature on the tensile strength of the 6061 Al alloy is insignificant,which mainly affects the yield strength and elongation of the alloy. The higher the final aging temperature,the higher the yield strength and the strengthening rate,at the same time the greater the decrease of the elongation. With the two-stage aging treatment,i. e. solution treated at 560 ℃ for 5 h,pre-aged at 200 ℃ for 1 h and then final aged at 185 ℃ for 3. 5 h. The tensile strength,the yield strength and the elongation of the liquid forged 6061 aluminum alloy can reach 362. 2 MPa,311. 5 MPa,and 12. 1%,respectively,which is better than the properties of single-stage aging.
引文
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[15]陈紫默.热挤压快速凝固6061铝合金的热处理与性能研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2018.Chen Zimo.Research on heat treatment and properties of a hot extruded rapidly solidified 6061 aluminum alloy[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2018.
[2]Kim J,Jhang K Y,Kim C.Dependence of nonlinear ultrasonic characteristic on second-phase precipitation in heat-treated Al 6061-T6alloy[J].Ultrasonics,2017,82:84-90.
[3]张新明,柯彬,唐建国,等.Mn含量对6061铝合金组织与力学性能的影响[J].材料研究学报,2013,27(4):337-341.Zhang Xinming,Ke Bin,Tang Jianguo,et al.Effects of Mn content on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6061 aluminum alloy[J].Chinese Journal of Materials Research,2013,27(4):337-341.
[4]马睿.热处理对6061汽车板微观组织及性能的影响[J].热加工工艺,2015(24):186-188.Ma Rui.Influence of heat treatment on microstructures and properties of6061 automobile body sheet[J].Hot Working Technology,2015(24):186-188.
[5]张德芬,谭盖,刘璐,等.热处理对6061铝合金组织与性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2015,40(11):184-187.Zhang Defen,Tan Gai,Liu Lu,et al.Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6061 aluminum alloy[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2015,40(11):184-187.
[6]Maisonnette D,Suery M,Nelias D,et al.Effects of heat treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a 6061 aluminium alloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2011,528(6):2718-2724.
[7]莫肇月,朱玉涛,刘莹.固溶温度及拉矫延伸率对6061铝合金带材表面橘皮缺陷的影响[J].金属热处理,2018,43(6):183-185.Mo Zhaoyue,Zhu Yutao,Liu Ying.Effects of solution temperature and tension levelling elongation on surface orange peel of 6061aluminum alloy strip[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2018,43(6):183-185.
[8]李辉,李铸铁,晋宏炎,等.预时效及烤漆硬化处理对6016铝合金显微组织及硬度的影响[J].金属热处理,2017,42(11):148-151.Li Hui,Li Zhutie,Jin Hongyan,et al.Influence of pre-aging and bake hardening on microstructure and hardness of 6016 aluminum alloy[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2017,42(11):148-151.
[9]Hirth S M,Marshall G J,Court S A,et al.Effects of Si on the aging behavior and formability of aluminum alloys based on AA6016[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2001,319:452-456.
[10]Anders G Frseth,Ragnvald Hier,Peter M Derlet,et al.Bonding in Mg Si and Al-Mg-Si compounds relevant to Al-Mg-Si alloys[J].Physical Review B,2003,67(22):1-11.
[11]Edwards G A,Stiller K,Dunlop G L,et al.The precipitation sequence in Al-Mg-Si alloys[J].Acta Metallurgica Inc,1998,46(11):3893-3904.
[12]潘道召,王芝秀,李海,等.双级时效对6061铝合金拉伸性能和晶间腐蚀性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2010(3):435-441.Pan Daozhao,Wang Zhixiu,Li Hai,et al.Effects of two-step ageing treatment on tensile properties and intergranular corrosion of 6061aluminum alloy[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2010(3):435-441.
[13]李海,毛庆忠,王芝秀,等.高温预时效+低温再时效对AlMg-Si-Cu合金力学性能及晶间腐蚀敏感性的影响[J].金属学报,2014(11):1357-1366.Li Hai,Mao Qingzhong,Wang Zhixiu,et al.Effect of high temperature pre-ageing and low-temperature re-ageing on mechanical properties and intergranular corrosion susceptibility of Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2014(11):1357-1366.
[14]李海,毛庆忠,王芝秀,等.预时效+冷轧变形+再时效对6061铝合金微观组织和力学性能的影响[J].金属学报,2014(10):1244-1252.Li Hai,Mao Qingzhong,Wang Zhixiu,et al.Effect of the thermomechanical treatment of pre-ageing cold-rolling and re-ageing on microstructures and mechanical properties of 6061 Al alloy[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2014(10):1244-1252.
[15]陈紫默.热挤压快速凝固6061铝合金的热处理与性能研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2018.Chen Zimo.Research on heat treatment and properties of a hot extruded rapidly solidified 6061 aluminum alloy[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2018.