粉末粒度对钨钼双金属性能影响
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摘要
使用不同粒度钨粉,包括2.0~3.0μm(粗粉)、1.0~2.0μm(细粉)、特定比例粗细混合粉,同粒度为4.0~5.0μm钼粉制备钨钼双金属坯料,氢气气氛下,在2150℃高温保温5 h烧结,对样品进行界面组织、成分和力学性能等分析,结果表明:在实验条件下,3组样品均得到具有一定结合强度的双金属材料,其中粗钨粉烧结所得样品烧结不充分,孔隙率大,密度较低,剪切强度为171.97 MPa;细钨粉烧结所得样品密度最大,但界面有微裂纹,应为双金属层烧结及冷却收缩产生较大的收缩差异导致,剪切强度为234.8 MPa;粗细混合钨粉制备双金属样品密度及空隙率居中,界面微观组织结合良好,有明显的互扩散过渡层,厚度在0.1~0.2 mm,剪切强度为224.71 MPa,综合性能最优。W粉粒度组成直接影响双金属样品结合性能,通过调整粉末搭配,可改善因密度、气孔、烧结收缩等引起的缺陷,从而提高双金属烧结制品性能。
W / Mo bimetallic samples were prepared with 4. 0 ~ 5. 0 μm Mo powder and three different particle sizes of W powders including 2. 0 ~ 3. 0 μm( coarse particle),1. 0 ~ 2. 0 μm( fines particle),and mixed powder by specific weight proportion,under the condition of 2150 ℃ preservation 5 h and hydrogen sintering. By analyzing the interface structure,composition and mechanical property,the results showed that each of the three samples had a certain bonding strength under laboratory conditions. The coarse particle sample was not sintered sufficiently. It had a high porosity and a low density. The shear strength was 171. 97 MPa. The fine W particle sample had the biggest density. But the interface had microcracks,which might result from the shrinkage difference in heating and cooling process. And the shear strength was 234. 8 MPa. The mixed powder sample had the best combination property. The density and void ratio had a middle level in the three sample. It had a good interface microstructure,and had an obvious mutual diffusion transition layer about 0. 1 ~ 0. 2 mm thickness. The shear strength was 224. 71 MPa. The properties of W / Mo bimetal was influenced directly by W powder particle size. The defects from factors of density,porosity,and sintering shrinkage could be improved through adjusting the powder form,and the properties of bimetal sintered products would be guaranteed.
W / Mo bimetallic samples were prepared with 4. 0 ~ 5. 0 μm Mo powder and three different particle sizes of W powders including 2. 0 ~ 3. 0 μm( coarse particle),1. 0 ~ 2. 0 μm( fines particle),and mixed powder by specific weight proportion,under the condition of 2150 ℃ preservation 5 h and hydrogen sintering. By analyzing the interface structure,composition and mechanical property,the results showed that each of the three samples had a certain bonding strength under laboratory conditions. The coarse particle sample was not sintered sufficiently. It had a high porosity and a low density. The shear strength was 171. 97 MPa. The fine W particle sample had the biggest density. But the interface had microcracks,which might result from the shrinkage difference in heating and cooling process. And the shear strength was 234. 8 MPa. The mixed powder sample had the best combination property. The density and void ratio had a middle level in the three sample. It had a good interface microstructure,and had an obvious mutual diffusion transition layer about 0. 1 ~ 0. 2 mm thickness. The shear strength was 224. 71 MPa. The properties of W / Mo bimetal was influenced directly by W powder particle size. The defects from factors of density,porosity,and sintering shrinkage could be improved through adjusting the powder form,and the properties of bimetal sintered products would be guaranteed.
引文
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[16]Wu Z,Sun Y J.Comparison of sintering quality of molybdenum products from mid-frequency furnace and electric resistance furnace[J].China Molybdenum Industry,2008,32(3):50.(武洲,孙院军.钼制品在中频炉与电阻炉中烧结品质的比较[J].中国钼业,2008,32(3):50.)
[17]Yu J Q,Yi W Z,Chen B D.Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press,1987.478.(虞觉奇,易文治,陈邦迪.二元合金状态合集[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1987.478.)
[2]Wu C H,Li T J,Jin J Z.Development of clad metal processing[J].Foundry,2005,54(2):103.(吴彩虹,李廷举,金俊泽.双金属复层材料制备现状及研究进展[J].铸造,2005,54(2):103.)
[3]Xu H B,Gong S K,Liu F S.Electron beam physical vapor deposition technology of Ukraine Barton welding institute[J].Aviation Engineering&Maintenance,1997,6:6.(徐惠彬,宫声凯,刘福顺.乌克兰巴顿焊接研究所的电子束物理气相沉积技术[J].航空制造工程.1997,6:6.)
[4]Itoh I,Saito K,Inoue H,Singer W.Hot roll bonding method for Nb/Cu clad seamless SC cavity[A].The 11th Workshop on RF Superconductivity[C].Hamburg,2003.412.
[5]Takeuchi E,Zene M.Novel continuous casting progress for clad steel slabs with level DC magnetic field[J].Iron and Steel Making,1997,24(3):257.
[6]Frary M,Abkowitz S,Abkowitz S M,Dunand D C.Microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti/W and Ti-6Al-4V/W composites fabricated by powder-metallurgy[J].Materials Science and Engineering.2003,A344:103.
[7]Liu S J,Lei H L,Chen F L.Mechanism analysis for bump of SPF/DB four-sheet sandwich hollow structure[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2014,39(8):30.(刘胜京,雷海龙,陈福龙.超塑成形/扩散连接四层夹层结构鼓包机理分析[J].锻压技术,2014,39(8):30.)
[8]Xie K,Wang H B,Zhang B S.Progress of pressure hydrometallurgy of molybdenite concentrate[J].Metal Mine,2014,(1):74.(谢铿,王海北,张邦胜.辉钼精矿加压湿法冶金技术研究进展[J].金属矿山,2014,(1):74.)
[9]Shen Q,Wang C B,Zhang L M.Hot pressing sintering connection of tungsten alloy-Mo lamination flyer[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2000,21(2):26.(沈强,王传彬,张联盟.钨合金-钼叠层飞片的热压烧结连接[J].焊接学报,2000,21(2):26.)
[10]Goutam Dutta,Dr Dipankar Bose.Effect of sintering temperature on density,porosity and hardness of a powder metallurgy component[J].Exploring Research and Innovations,2012,2(8):121.
[11]Wang Z F,Jiang G S,Liu Z C.Ultrapressure forming and low-temperature sintering of tungsten[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,1998,27(5):290.(王志法,姜国圣,刘正春.钨的超高压成型与低温烧结[J].稀有金属材料与工程,1998,27(5):290.)
[12]Lei C P,Wu A H,Tang J C,Ye N.Effects of morphology structure of tungsten nano-powders on properties of tungsten carbide powders[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2014,38(1):48.(雷纯鹏,吴爱华,唐建成,叶楠.纳米钨粉形貌结构对碳化钨粉末性能的影响[J].稀有金属,2014,38(1):48.)
[13]Tan S B,Su Y S,Sun Z C.Residual stress in W-Mo composite target[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,1998,27(2):112.(谭栓斌,苏煜生,孙振成.钨钼复合靶的残余应力[J].稀有金属材料与工程,1998,27(2):112.)
[14]Zhu Q,Wang L,Yang Q L.Study on tungsten/molybdenum bimetal composite material interface[J].China Molybdenum Industry,2011,35(4):51.(朱琦,王林,杨秦莉.钨钼复合双金属界面研究[J].中国钼业,2011,35(4):51.)
[15]Blaschko O(writing),Luo L(translation).The change of porosity in the sintering process of different granularity W powder[J].Tungsten&Molybdenum Material,1998,(4):1.(Blaschko O(著).罗丽(译).不同粒度W粉在烧结过程中孔隙度的变化[J].钨钼材料,1998,(4):1.)
[16]Wu Z,Sun Y J.Comparison of sintering quality of molybdenum products from mid-frequency furnace and electric resistance furnace[J].China Molybdenum Industry,2008,32(3):50.(武洲,孙院军.钼制品在中频炉与电阻炉中烧结品质的比较[J].中国钼业,2008,32(3):50.)
[17]Yu J Q,Yi W Z,Chen B D.Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press,1987.478.(虞觉奇,易文治,陈邦迪.二元合金状态合集[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1987.478.)