日粮添加过瘤胃氨基酸对高产奶牛生产性能、乳成分和经济效益的影响
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摘要
试验旨在研究日粮添加过瘤胃蛋氨酸和过瘤胃赖氨酸对高产奶牛生产性能、乳成分及经济效益的影响。按照胎次、产奶日期、日产奶量一致的原则,选择处于泌乳高峰期的健康中国荷斯坦奶牛96头,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组48头牛,每头牛1个重复。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂基础日粮+过瘤胃氨基酸[过瘤胃蛋氨酸添加量20 g/(头·d);过瘤胃赖氨酸添加量27 g/(头·d)]。预试期7 d,正试期30 d。结果表明:①日粮添加过瘤胃蛋氨酸和过瘤胃赖氨酸极显著提高奶牛日产奶量3.63%(P<0.01),极显著提高饲料转化率4.49%(P<0.01)。②日粮添加过瘤胃蛋氨酸和过瘤胃赖氨酸极显著降低尿素氮含量26.92%(P<0.01),对乳脂率、乳蛋白率、体细胞数无显著影响(P>0.05)。③与对照组相比,试验组奶牛经济效益增加2.30元/(头·d)。在本试验条件下,日粮添加过瘤胃蛋氨酸和过瘤胃赖氨酸能够提高高产奶牛产奶量,提高饲料转化率,提高经济效益。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of rumen-protected methionine and rumen-protected lysine supplementation on production performance, milk composition and economic benefits in high producting dairy cows.According to the principle of identical parity,dairy date and daily milk production, ninety-six healthy Holstein dairy cows were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, with 48 cows in each group and one cow repeating. The control group was fed with basal diet and the experimental group was fed with basal diet supplemented with rumen-protected amino acid(rumen-protected methionine: 20 g/(head·d), rumen-protected lysine 27 g/(head·d). The experiment consisted of a 7-day pre-experimental period and a 30-day experimental period. The results showed as follows: ① Dietary supplementation of rumen-protected methionine and rumen-protected lysine significantly increased daily milk yield by 3.63%(P<0.01) and increased feed conversion rate by 4.49%(P<0.01). ② Dietary supplementation of rumen-protected methionine and rumen-protected lysine significantly decreased urea nitrogen content by 26.92%(P<0.01), but had no significant effect on milk fat rate, milk protein rate and SCC(P>0.05). ③ Compared with the control group, the economic benefits of the experimental group was increased by 2.30 yuan/(head·d). In this experiment, dietary supplementation of rumen-protected methionine and rumen-protected lysine could increase the milk production, feed conversion rate and economic benefits of high producting dairy cows.
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of rumen-protected methionine and rumen-protected lysine supplementation on production performance, milk composition and economic benefits in high producting dairy cows.According to the principle of identical parity,dairy date and daily milk production, ninety-six healthy Holstein dairy cows were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, with 48 cows in each group and one cow repeating. The control group was fed with basal diet and the experimental group was fed with basal diet supplemented with rumen-protected amino acid(rumen-protected methionine: 20 g/(head·d), rumen-protected lysine 27 g/(head·d). The experiment consisted of a 7-day pre-experimental period and a 30-day experimental period. The results showed as follows: ① Dietary supplementation of rumen-protected methionine and rumen-protected lysine significantly increased daily milk yield by 3.63%(P<0.01) and increased feed conversion rate by 4.49%(P<0.01). ② Dietary supplementation of rumen-protected methionine and rumen-protected lysine significantly decreased urea nitrogen content by 26.92%(P<0.01), but had no significant effect on milk fat rate, milk protein rate and SCC(P>0.05). ③ Compared with the control group, the economic benefits of the experimental group was increased by 2.30 yuan/(head·d). In this experiment, dietary supplementation of rumen-protected methionine and rumen-protected lysine could increase the milk production, feed conversion rate and economic benefits of high producting dairy cows.
引文
[1]韩兆玉,周岩民,王根林,等.过瘤胃蛋氨酸对奶牛产奶量、乳成分以及血液氨基酸的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2006,29(3):54-58.
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[6]王剑飞,王梦芝,冯春燕,等.过瘤胃蛋氨酸对奶牛瘤胃体外发酵及泌乳奶牛生产性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(7):2248-2255.
[7]Broderick G A,Stevenson M J,Patton R A.Effect of dietary protein concentration and degradability on response to rumen-protected methionine in lactating dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2009,92(6):2719-2728.
[8]毕晓华,张晓明.过瘤胃保护蛋氨酸对奶牛氨基酸代谢和血液生化指标的影响[J].饲料研究,2014(21):48-53.
[9]刘飞,林雪彦,侯秋玲,等.瘤胃保护性蛋氨酸和赖氨酸补饲量对泌乳荷斯坦奶牛生产性能及血浆生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(2):363-370.
[10]Xu S,Harrison J H,Chalupa W,et al.The effect of ruminal bypass lysine and methionine on milk yield and composition of lactating cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1998,81(4):1062-1077.
[11]张峰,马书林,王昆,等.高产奶牛营养需要研究新进展[J].饲料与畜牧,2008,12(5):35-37.
[12]Socha M T,Putnam D E,Garthwaite B D,et al.Improving intestinal amino acid supply of pre-and postpartum dairy cows with rumen-protected methionine and lysine[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2005,88(3):1113-1126.
[13]陈傲东,陈红莉,孔平,等.氨基酸平衡日粮对奶牛生产性能、血清生化指标及经济效益的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2015,42(10):2650-2657.
[14]韩兆玉,周国波,金志红,等.过瘤胃蛋氨酸对热应激下奶牛生产性能、淋巴细胞凋亡以及相关基因的影响[J].动物营养学报,2009,21(5):665-672.
[15]王纪亭,万文菊,徐国青,等.保护性蛋氨酸对奶牛生产性能的影响[J].中国奶牛,2003(1):15-17.
[2]刘文静,翟磊,白雪利,等.过瘤胃蛋氨酸和赖氨酸在奶牛生产中的应用[J].家畜生态学报,2015,36(8):7-10.
[3]孙华,张晓明,王欣,等.过瘤胃保护蛋氨酸对奶牛生产性能的影响及经济效益分析[J].中国奶牛,2010(11):7-11.
[4]冯薇,王加启,卜登攀.奶牛过瘤胃蛋氨酸和过瘤胃赖氨酸营养研究进展[J].中国奶牛,2009(12):17-21.
[5]云伏雨,高民,李满全,等.过瘤胃赖氨酸对奶牛产乳量及乳成分的影响[J].饲料工业,2010,32(23):45-47.
[6]王剑飞,王梦芝,冯春燕,等.过瘤胃蛋氨酸对奶牛瘤胃体外发酵及泌乳奶牛生产性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(7):2248-2255.
[7]Broderick G A,Stevenson M J,Patton R A.Effect of dietary protein concentration and degradability on response to rumen-protected methionine in lactating dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2009,92(6):2719-2728.
[8]毕晓华,张晓明.过瘤胃保护蛋氨酸对奶牛氨基酸代谢和血液生化指标的影响[J].饲料研究,2014(21):48-53.
[9]刘飞,林雪彦,侯秋玲,等.瘤胃保护性蛋氨酸和赖氨酸补饲量对泌乳荷斯坦奶牛生产性能及血浆生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(2):363-370.
[10]Xu S,Harrison J H,Chalupa W,et al.The effect of ruminal bypass lysine and methionine on milk yield and composition of lactating cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1998,81(4):1062-1077.
[11]张峰,马书林,王昆,等.高产奶牛营养需要研究新进展[J].饲料与畜牧,2008,12(5):35-37.
[12]Socha M T,Putnam D E,Garthwaite B D,et al.Improving intestinal amino acid supply of pre-and postpartum dairy cows with rumen-protected methionine and lysine[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2005,88(3):1113-1126.
[13]陈傲东,陈红莉,孔平,等.氨基酸平衡日粮对奶牛生产性能、血清生化指标及经济效益的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2015,42(10):2650-2657.
[14]韩兆玉,周国波,金志红,等.过瘤胃蛋氨酸对热应激下奶牛生产性能、淋巴细胞凋亡以及相关基因的影响[J].动物营养学报,2009,21(5):665-672.
[15]王纪亭,万文菊,徐国青,等.保护性蛋氨酸对奶牛生产性能的影响[J].中国奶牛,2003(1):15-17.