多功能减阻剂及其配套交联剂的制备及应用
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摘要
针对页岩气水平井压裂用线性胶和弱交联液无法在线混配的问题,通过反相乳液聚合制备了一种多功能页岩气压裂用高分子聚合物减阻剂及其配套的有机锆交联剂并评价了其相关性能。该减阻剂溶解时间为35～45 s,与助剂配伍性良好,在0.08%～0.1%加量下制备的滑溜水减阻率大于75%。高浓度减阻剂溶液可直接用作线性胶,0.4%减阻剂溶液表观黏度为22 mPa·s,添加0.15%有机锆交联剂可形成弱交联液。在110℃下剪切40 min,线性胶黏度保留率达80%,弱交联液黏度大于50 mPa·s。线性胶和弱交联液均可彻底破胶,破胶液性能满足行业标准要求。使用该减阻剂和交联剂,可以实现滑溜水、线性胶、弱交联液的一体化在线混配,现场应用表明此项工艺完全可行,减阻剂和交联剂性能良好。
In order to deal with the issue that linear-gel and weak crosslinked-gel used in shale gas horizontal wells fracturing cannot be mixed online, in the present work, a new type of polymer drag reducer for shale gas fracturing was prepared by reverse emulsion polymerization and its collocated organic zirconium crosslinker was also synthesized. The dissolution time of the drag reducer was 35-45 s and the drag reducer was well compatible with other additives. Drag reducing rate of the slick-water was over 75% when the dosage of the drag reducer was 0.08%-0.1%. Solutions with higher concentration of the drag reducer can be used as linear-gel and the apparent viscosity of 0.4% drag reducer solution is about 22 mPa·s. Weak crosslinked-gel can be obtained by adding another 0.15% crosslinker in the liner-gel. At 110 ℃, after continuously shearing for 40 minutes, the viscosity retention rate of the linear-gel can be 80%, and the viscosity of the weak crosslinked-gel was over 50 mPa·s. Both the linear-gel and weak crosslinked-gel can be thoroughly broken with gel-breaker, and the performances of the breaking fluid can meet the requirements of related standards. Continuous online preparation of slick-water, linear-gel and weak crosslinked-gel can be realized by using the drag reducer and crosslinker. Field application test showed that this technology is completely feasible, and the drag reducer and crosslinker have good performances.
In order to deal with the issue that linear-gel and weak crosslinked-gel used in shale gas horizontal wells fracturing cannot be mixed online, in the present work, a new type of polymer drag reducer for shale gas fracturing was prepared by reverse emulsion polymerization and its collocated organic zirconium crosslinker was also synthesized. The dissolution time of the drag reducer was 35-45 s and the drag reducer was well compatible with other additives. Drag reducing rate of the slick-water was over 75% when the dosage of the drag reducer was 0.08%-0.1%. Solutions with higher concentration of the drag reducer can be used as linear-gel and the apparent viscosity of 0.4% drag reducer solution is about 22 mPa·s. Weak crosslinked-gel can be obtained by adding another 0.15% crosslinker in the liner-gel. At 110 ℃, after continuously shearing for 40 minutes, the viscosity retention rate of the linear-gel can be 80%, and the viscosity of the weak crosslinked-gel was over 50 mPa·s. Both the linear-gel and weak crosslinked-gel can be thoroughly broken with gel-breaker, and the performances of the breaking fluid can meet the requirements of related standards. Continuous online preparation of slick-water, linear-gel and weak crosslinked-gel can be realized by using the drag reducer and crosslinker. Field application test showed that this technology is completely feasible, and the drag reducer and crosslinker have good performances.
引文
[1] 李勇明,彭瑀,王中泽.页岩气压裂增产机理与施工技术分析[J].西南石油大学:自然科学版,2013,35(2):90-96.
[2] 师斌斌,薛政,马晓云,等.页岩气水平井体积压裂技术研究进展及展望[J].中外能源,2017,22(6):41-49.
[3] 陆丽,陈英,徐婷婷,等.页岩储层增产改造工作液的研究与应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2016,33(2):111-116.
[4] 张文龙,伊卓,杜凯,等.水溶性减阻剂在页岩气滑溜水压裂中的应用进展[J].石油化工,2015,44(1):121-126.
[5] Barati R,Liang J T.A review of fracturing fluid systems used for hydraulic fracturing of oil and gas wells[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2014,131(16):318-323.
[6] 彭瑀,赵金洲,林啸,等.页岩储层压裂工作液研究进展及启示[J].钻井液与完井液,2016(4):8-13.
[7] 杜涛,姚奕明,蒋廷学,等.页岩气压裂用线性胶压裂液性能研究与现场应用[J].化学世界,2015,56(11):666-670.
[8] 闫秀.低温低伤害页岩气压裂用胶液性能研究与现场应用[J].江汉石油职工大学学报,2017,30(6):44-47.
[9] 李永非,王彦玲,曹勋臣,等.页岩储层压裂用减阻剂的研究及应用进展[J].2018,35(1):1-9.
[10] 苏雪霞,李晓岚,孙举,等.耐盐速溶减阻剂的合成及其性能[J].精细石油化工,2016,33(6):51-55.
[11] 马国艳,沈一丁,李楷,等.滑溜水压裂液用聚合物减阻剂性能[J].精细化工,2016,33(11):1295-1300.
[12] 张文龙,伊卓,林蔚然,等.高分子量乳液型减阻剂的合成及评价[J].精细与专用化学品,2015,23(3):18-21.
[13] 杨晓武,秋列维,隋明炜,等.有机锆交联剂的合成及其应用[J].陕西科技大学学报:自然科学版,2013(3):64-67.
[14] 苑成,郭睿威,陈行,等.海水基耐温聚丙烯酰胺压裂液的性能优化[J].化学工业与工程,2017,34(6):31-37.
[15] 江万雄.压裂用有机锆交联剂的制备及性能评价[D].成都:西南石油大学,2016.
[2] 师斌斌,薛政,马晓云,等.页岩气水平井体积压裂技术研究进展及展望[J].中外能源,2017,22(6):41-49.
[3] 陆丽,陈英,徐婷婷,等.页岩储层增产改造工作液的研究与应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2016,33(2):111-116.
[4] 张文龙,伊卓,杜凯,等.水溶性减阻剂在页岩气滑溜水压裂中的应用进展[J].石油化工,2015,44(1):121-126.
[5] Barati R,Liang J T.A review of fracturing fluid systems used for hydraulic fracturing of oil and gas wells[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2014,131(16):318-323.
[6] 彭瑀,赵金洲,林啸,等.页岩储层压裂工作液研究进展及启示[J].钻井液与完井液,2016(4):8-13.
[7] 杜涛,姚奕明,蒋廷学,等.页岩气压裂用线性胶压裂液性能研究与现场应用[J].化学世界,2015,56(11):666-670.
[8] 闫秀.低温低伤害页岩气压裂用胶液性能研究与现场应用[J].江汉石油职工大学学报,2017,30(6):44-47.
[9] 李永非,王彦玲,曹勋臣,等.页岩储层压裂用减阻剂的研究及应用进展[J].2018,35(1):1-9.
[10] 苏雪霞,李晓岚,孙举,等.耐盐速溶减阻剂的合成及其性能[J].精细石油化工,2016,33(6):51-55.
[11] 马国艳,沈一丁,李楷,等.滑溜水压裂液用聚合物减阻剂性能[J].精细化工,2016,33(11):1295-1300.
[12] 张文龙,伊卓,林蔚然,等.高分子量乳液型减阻剂的合成及评价[J].精细与专用化学品,2015,23(3):18-21.
[13] 杨晓武,秋列维,隋明炜,等.有机锆交联剂的合成及其应用[J].陕西科技大学学报:自然科学版,2013(3):64-67.
[14] 苑成,郭睿威,陈行,等.海水基耐温聚丙烯酰胺压裂液的性能优化[J].化学工业与工程,2017,34(6):31-37.
[15] 江万雄.压裂用有机锆交联剂的制备及性能评价[D].成都:西南石油大学,2016.