中国细蛾科寄主植物多样性分析
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摘要
【目的】总结中国细蛾科(Gracillariidae)寄主植物的种类,分析细蛾多样性与其寄主植物多样性之间的关系。【方法】依据国内外已有的文献资料,统计中国细蛾科寄主植物的种类;应用SPSS19. 0分析细蛾及其寄主植物多样性关系的数据。【结果】在中国,有寄主植物记载的细蛾149种,隶属4亚科37属;记载的寄主植物有435种,隶属49科153属,以豆科、壳斗科、杨柳科、蔷薇科、大戟科、蓼科和芸香科为主;寄主植物以被子植物中的双子叶植物为主,单子叶植物仅有3科,裸子植物只有1科。细蛾亚科的寄主植物种类最丰富,有43科129属430种,潜细蛾亚科的次之,有12科29属87种,叶潜蛾亚科的有5科10属38种,毛脉细蛾亚科的寄主植物种类最少,有4科5属7种。在细蛾的属级阶元,寄主植物多于2个科的细蛾有14个属;寄主植物种类最多的是丽细蛾属Caloptilia,有18科37属111种,潜细蛾属Phyllonorycter次之,有10科18属68种;寄主植物为单科、单属和单种的细蛾分别有23,10和5属。不同寄主植物上细蛾的种类也有差别,在寄主植物科级阶元,被2个属以上细蛾取食的寄主植物有22个科,其中豆科植物上细蛾属数最多,有14个属,大戟科和壳斗科植物上的细蛾属数次之,分别有8和7属;在属级阶元,有37属植物可被2属以上的细蛾取食,其余116属植物分别只被1属细蛾取食。相关性分析结果表明,在亚科级和属级阶元中,细蛾种数与寄主植物的科、属、种数均呈极显著正相关关系(R~2> 0. 60,P <0. 01)。【结论】细蛾种类越丰富其寄主植物的范围就越广泛。总的来说,细蛾食性范围较为狭窄,以单食性和寡食性为主。
【Aim】To summarize host plant species of gracillariid moths in China,and to analyze the relationship between the diversity of gracillariid moths and the diversity of their host plants.【Methods】Domestic and foreign published literatures were referred to count the taxa of host plants of gracillariid moths in China.SPSS version 19.0 was used to analyze the data on diversity of both gracillariid moths and their host plants.【Results】There are 149 gracillariid species with host plant records in China,under 4 subfamilies and 37 genera.Host plants of gracillariid moths are numerous,with 435 species of153 genera of 49 families,and the major host plant families are Leguminosae,Fagaceae,Salicaceae,Rosaceae,Euphorbiaceae,Polygonaceae and Rutaceae.In addition to three families of Monocotyledoneaeand one family of Gymnospermae,the major host plants belong to Dicotyledoneae and Angiospermae.Gracillriinae holds the most host plants including 43 families,129 genera and 430 species,and then Lithocolletinae with 12 families,29 genera and 87 species,Phyllocnistinae with 5 families,10 genera and 38 species,and Oecophyllembiinae only with 4 families,5 genera and 7 species.At the gracillariid genus level,14 genera of gracillriid can infest more than two families of host plants.Host range in Caloptilia is the widest with 18 families,37 genera and 111 species,and then Phyllonorycter with 10 families,18 genera and 68 species.Among different host plants,the species of gracillariid moths are also diverse.At the host family level,22 families can be infested by over two genera of gracillariid moths.Leguminosae host the most number of gracillariid genera,including 14 gracillariid genera,and then Euphorbiaceae and Fagaceae,including 8 and 7 gracillariid genera,respectively.At the host genus level,37 genera can be infested by two or more genera of gracillariid moths,the remaining 116 genera are only infested by one gracillariid genus respectively.Significantly positive correlations( R2> 0.60,P < 0.01) between the gracillariid species number at the subfamily and genus levels and the species,genus and family numbers of host plants were found.【Conclusion】The richness of gracillariid species positively correlates the range of their host plants.The feeding habits of gracillariid moths comprise both monophagy and oligophagy.
【Aim】To summarize host plant species of gracillariid moths in China,and to analyze the relationship between the diversity of gracillariid moths and the diversity of their host plants.【Methods】Domestic and foreign published literatures were referred to count the taxa of host plants of gracillariid moths in China.SPSS version 19.0 was used to analyze the data on diversity of both gracillariid moths and their host plants.【Results】There are 149 gracillariid species with host plant records in China,under 4 subfamilies and 37 genera.Host plants of gracillariid moths are numerous,with 435 species of153 genera of 49 families,and the major host plant families are Leguminosae,Fagaceae,Salicaceae,Rosaceae,Euphorbiaceae,Polygonaceae and Rutaceae.In addition to three families of Monocotyledoneaeand one family of Gymnospermae,the major host plants belong to Dicotyledoneae and Angiospermae.Gracillriinae holds the most host plants including 43 families,129 genera and 430 species,and then Lithocolletinae with 12 families,29 genera and 87 species,Phyllocnistinae with 5 families,10 genera and 38 species,and Oecophyllembiinae only with 4 families,5 genera and 7 species.At the gracillariid genus level,14 genera of gracillriid can infest more than two families of host plants.Host range in Caloptilia is the widest with 18 families,37 genera and 111 species,and then Phyllonorycter with 10 families,18 genera and 68 species.Among different host plants,the species of gracillariid moths are also diverse.At the host family level,22 families can be infested by over two genera of gracillariid moths.Leguminosae host the most number of gracillariid genera,including 14 gracillariid genera,and then Euphorbiaceae and Fagaceae,including 8 and 7 gracillariid genera,respectively.At the host genus level,37 genera can be infested by two or more genera of gracillariid moths,the remaining 116 genera are only infested by one gracillariid genus respectively.Significantly positive correlations( R2> 0.60,P < 0.01) between the gracillariid species number at the subfamily and genus levels and the species,genus and family numbers of host plants were found.【Conclusion】The richness of gracillariid species positively correlates the range of their host plants.The feeding habits of gracillariid moths comprise both monophagy and oligophagy.
引文
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Bai HY,Li HH,Kendrick RC,2009.Microlepidoptera of Hong Kong:checklist of Gracillariidae(Insecta:Lepidoptera).SHILAP Revta.Lepid.,37(148):495-509.
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Bai HY,Xu JS,Dai XH,2016.Two new and one newly recorded species of Gracillariidae from China(Lepidoptera).ZooKeys,559:139-150.
Chen Y,Li K,Fang Y,2014.Study on species and host plant diversity of aphids in Shanghai.Resours.Environ.Yangtze Basin,23(1):124-130.[陈颖,李恺,方燕,2014.上海地区蚜虫及其寄主植物多样性研究.长江流域资源与环境,23(1):124-130]
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De Prins W,De Prins J,2005.World Catalogue of Insects,Vol.6.Gracillariidae(Lepidoptera).Apollo Book,Stenstrup.502 pp.
Dimic'N,Dautbasic'M,Peric'P,2005.Host plants of Cameraria ohridella Deschka&Dimi c',1986(Lepidoptera,Gracillariidae).Entomofauna,26(10):193-201.
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Haddad NM,Tilman D,Haarstad J,Ritchie M,Knops JMH,2001.Contrasting effects of plant richness and composition on insect communities:a field experiment.Am.Nat.,158(1):17-35.
Hu B,Wang S,Zhang J,Li H,2011.Taxonomy and biology of two seed-parasitic gracillariid moths(Lepidoptera,Gracillariidae),with description of a new species.ZooKeys,83:43-56.
Hu BB,Li HH,Shi FC,2011.Advance in the study of the mutualism between Epicephala moths(Lepidoptera,Gracillariidae)and Euphorbiaceae plants in China.Acta Zootaxon.Sin.,36(2):447-457.[胡冰冰,李后魂,石福臣,2011.中国头细蛾属昆虫(鳞翅目,细蛾科)与大戟科植物互利共生关系研究进展.动物分类学报,36(2):447-457]
Kato M,Takimura A,Kawakita A,2003.An obligate pollination mutualism and reciprocal diversification in the tree genus Glochidion(Euphorbiaceae).Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,100(9):5264-5267.
Kawakita A,2010.Evolution of obligate pollination mutualism in the tribe Phyllantheae(Phyllanthaceae).Plant Species Biol.,25:3-19.
Kawakita A,Kato M,2006.Assessment of the diversity and species specificity of the mutualistic association between Epicephala moths and Glochidion trees.Mol.Ecol.,15:3567-3581.
Kawakita A,Kato M,2009.Repeated independent evolution of obligate pollination mutualism in the Phyllantheae-Epicephala association.Proc.R.Soc.B,276:417-426.
Kumata T,1982.A taxonomic revision of the Gracillaria group occurring in Japan(Lepidoptera:Gracillariidae).Insecta Mats.,26:1-186.
Kumata T,Kuroko H,Ermolaev VP,1988.Japanese species of the Acrocercops group(Lepidopera:Gracillariidae),Part I.Insecta Mats.,38:1-111.
Li SW,1991.Ecological chemistry(VIII):the choice of food plant by phytophagous insects.Chin.J.Ecol.,10(1):65-70.[李绍文,1991.生态生物化学(八):植食性昆虫对食物的选择.生态学杂志,10(1):65-70]
Li YH,Liu SS,2004.Learning in phytophagous insects.Acta Entomol.Sin.,47(1):106-116.[李月红,刘树生,2004.植食性昆虫的学习行为.昆虫学报,47(1):106-116]
Liao CQ,Xu JS,Dai XH,Zhao XL,2015.Species diversity of leafmining hispines and of their host plants.Ecol.Sci.,34(5):159-166.[廖承清,徐家生,戴小华,赵小林,2015.潜叶铁甲及其寄主植物多样性.生态科学,34(5):159-166]
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