我国三大区域PM2.5源解析研究进展
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摘要
目前我国多个省市PM2.5浓度超标,经济发展水平领先的京津冀、长三角、珠三角地区尤为严重,PM2.5污染来源受到社会各界广泛关注。通过梳理三大区域不同城市的源解析相关文献,结合环保部门公布的最新源解析结果,重点对三大区域PM2.5源解析结果进行分析比较。结果表明:三大重点区域中,北京、上海、杭州、广州、深圳的PM2.5首要污染源都是机动车排放;二三线城市PM2.5污染源以燃煤、扬尘为主。应结合各地区不同情况,以降低机动车排放为主,以燃煤、工业及扬尘为切入点治理PM2.5污染。最后提出了PM2.5源解析进一步研究的改进方向,以期为制定切实可行的PM2.5污染有效治理的政策措施提供借鉴和参考。
At present,PM2.5 concentration in many provinces and cities in China are over the standard value,which is particularly serious in the regions with the leading level of economic development,such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta. The sources of PM2.5 have attracted great attentions in all sectors of society. By analyzing the related literatures about different cities in different regions and combining with the latest source analysis results published by environmental protection administration,the PM2.5 source analysis in three key regions mentioned above is compared and discussed. The results show that among the three key areas,vehicle emission is the primary source of pollution in Beijing,Shanghai,Hangzhou,Guangzhou and Shenzhen. For second and third tier cities,PM2.5 sources are mainly coal-fired fly ash and dust pollution. Therefore,to reduce the pollution of PM2.5,reduction of the vehicle emission is the urgent task,which is also suggested to combine with the control of coal-fired fly ash and dust pollution. Finally,the further development directions of PM2.5 source analysis are proposed,which is expected to serve a reference for formulation of feasible policy measures to reduce the pollution of PM2.5.
At present,PM2.5 concentration in many provinces and cities in China are over the standard value,which is particularly serious in the regions with the leading level of economic development,such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta. The sources of PM2.5 have attracted great attentions in all sectors of society. By analyzing the related literatures about different cities in different regions and combining with the latest source analysis results published by environmental protection administration,the PM2.5 source analysis in three key regions mentioned above is compared and discussed. The results show that among the three key areas,vehicle emission is the primary source of pollution in Beijing,Shanghai,Hangzhou,Guangzhou and Shenzhen. For second and third tier cities,PM2.5 sources are mainly coal-fired fly ash and dust pollution. Therefore,to reduce the pollution of PM2.5,reduction of the vehicle emission is the urgent task,which is also suggested to combine with the control of coal-fired fly ash and dust pollution. Finally,the further development directions of PM2.5 source analysis are proposed,which is expected to serve a reference for formulation of feasible policy measures to reduce the pollution of PM2.5.
引文
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[18]王苏蓉,喻义勇,王勤耕,等.基于PMF模式的南京市大气细颗粒物源解析[J].中国环境科学,2015,(12):3535-3542.
[19]包贞,冯银厂,焦荔,等.杭州市大气PM(2.5)和PM(10)污染特征及来源解析[J].中国环境监测,2010,(2):44-48.
[20]肖致美,毕晓辉,冯银厂,等.宁波市环境空气中PM(10)和PM(2.5)来源解析[J].环境科学研究,2012,(5):549-555.
[21]俞杰,汪伟峰,周军,等.宁波市冬季PM(2.5)污染特征与来源解析[J].环境科学与技术,2015,(8):150-155.
[22]黄晓锋,云慧,宫照恒,等.深圳大气PM(2.5)来源解析与二次有机气溶胶估算[J].中国科学:地球科学,2014,(4):723-734.
[23]黄深,潘要武,刘国盛,等.茂名市大气PM(2.5)在线源解析[J].环境监控与预警,2015,(4):37-42.
[24]郑玫,张延君,闫才青,等.中国PM2.5来源解析方法综述[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2014,50(6):1141-1154.
[2]王红,齐建国.PM2.5高排放与治理的技术经济思考[J].经济纵横,2013,(4):31-36.
[3]张延君,郑玫,蔡靖,等.PM(2.5)源解析方法的比较与评述[J].科学通报,2015,(2):109-121.
[4]何枫,马栋栋.雾霾与工业化发展的关联研究——中国74个城市的实证研究[J].软科学,2015,(6):110-114.
[5]陈翱,强天伟,王耀辉.浅谈PM2.5及其研究方法[J].洁净与空调技术,2014,(1):34-36.
[6]樊曙先,徐建强,郑有飞,等.南京市气溶胶PM(2.5)一次来源解析[J].气象科学,2005,(6):587-593.
[7]程念亮,李云婷,孟凡,等.我国PM(2.5)污染现状及来源解析研究[J].安徽农业科学,2014,(15):4721-4724.
[8]魏嘉,吕阳,付柏淋.我国雾霾成因及防控策略研究[J].环境保护科学,2014,(5):51-56.
[9]王平利,戴春雷,张成江.城市大气中颗粒物的研究现状及健康效应[J].中国环境监测,2005,21(1):83-87.
[10]王琴,张大伟,刘保献,等.基于PMF模型的北京市PM(2.5)来源的时空分布特征[J].中国环境科学,2015,(10):2917-2924.
[11]张霖琳,王超,朱红霞,等.北京混合功能区夏冬季细颗粒物组分特征及来源比较[J].中国环境科学,2016,(1):36-41.
[12]杨妍妍,李金香,梁云平,等.应用受体模型(CMB)对北京市大气PM(2.5)来源的解析研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,(9):2693-2700.
[13]李伟芳,白志鹏,史建武,等.天津市环境空气中细粒子的污染特征与来源[J].环境科学研究,2010,(4):394-400.
[14]魏欣,毕晓辉,董海燕,等.天津市夏季灰霾与非灰霾天气下颗粒物污染特征与来源解析[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(11):1193-1200.
[15]严向宏.上海宝山区大气细颗粒气溶胶PM2.5特征研究与源解析[D].上海:华东理工大学,2011.
[16]马剑丽.上海宝山区PM(2.5)特征研究与源解析研究[J].环境科学与管理,2014,(4):120-123.
[17]王晓浩,赵倩彪,崔虎雄.基于在线监测的上海郊区冬季PM(2.5)来源解析[J].南京大学学报(自然科学),2015,(3):517-523.
[18]王苏蓉,喻义勇,王勤耕,等.基于PMF模式的南京市大气细颗粒物源解析[J].中国环境科学,2015,(12):3535-3542.
[19]包贞,冯银厂,焦荔,等.杭州市大气PM(2.5)和PM(10)污染特征及来源解析[J].中国环境监测,2010,(2):44-48.
[20]肖致美,毕晓辉,冯银厂,等.宁波市环境空气中PM(10)和PM(2.5)来源解析[J].环境科学研究,2012,(5):549-555.
[21]俞杰,汪伟峰,周军,等.宁波市冬季PM(2.5)污染特征与来源解析[J].环境科学与技术,2015,(8):150-155.
[22]黄晓锋,云慧,宫照恒,等.深圳大气PM(2.5)来源解析与二次有机气溶胶估算[J].中国科学:地球科学,2014,(4):723-734.
[23]黄深,潘要武,刘国盛,等.茂名市大气PM(2.5)在线源解析[J].环境监控与预警,2015,(4):37-42.
[24]郑玫,张延君,闫才青,等.中国PM2.5来源解析方法综述[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2014,50(6):1141-1154.