云纹石斑鱼(♀)×七带石斑鱼(♂)受精过程的观察
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摘要
为研究杂交过程中精卵的结合以及相关生物学特征,作者利用扫描电镜观察了云纹石斑鱼(Epinephelus moara)卵子形态结构以及云纹石斑鱼♀×七带石斑鱼(E.septemfasciatus)♂杂交时的精子入卵过程。结果发现,云纹石斑鱼(♀)×七带石斑鱼(♂)杂交与亲本自交的精子入卵过程没有本质的区别。云纹石斑鱼卵表面布满纵横交错、走向不确定的网纹,在受精孔区可观察到前庭、受精孔和微小孔。成熟的精卵相遇时相互激活,产生一系列胞间反应。受精后0~25 s,可观察到精子附着在卵子受精孔周围;受精30~45 s,已有精子进入卵子,并且明显可见精子尾部留在受精孔外;精子入卵后,受精孔内有受精锥形成,周围可观察到絮状的受精塞,将受精孔封闭;授精90 s~3 min,卵表面处于修复状态。整个过程未发现有多精入卵的现象。
To study the sperm penetration during hybrid process and the biological characteristics, the morphology of mature egg of Epinephelus moara and the fertilization process of F1 by E.moara(♀)×E.septemfasciatus(♂) were observed by using scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the process of fertilization between crossbreeding and inbreeding of these two species.Some reticulate structures with Criss-cross and uncertain towards were found on the outer chorionic surface of E.moara.Vestibule, micropyle and micropore can be observed in the micropyle area. When the mature eggs and sperms encountered, they activated mutually and caused a series of responses. During 0~25 seconds post insemination, sperm attaching to the micropyle of mature egg was observed; during 30~45 seconds post insemination, the spermatozoon entering into the egg and the flagellum from the outside of micropyle were observed; The fertilization cone was formed in micropyle after the spermatozoon entered into the egg, and the fertilization plug was observed around the fertilization cone, and close to the micropyle. During 90 seconds~3 minutes post insemination, the egg surface began to repair. The polyspermy was not observed during the crossbreeding insemination.
To study the sperm penetration during hybrid process and the biological characteristics, the morphology of mature egg of Epinephelus moara and the fertilization process of F1 by E.moara(♀)×E.septemfasciatus(♂) were observed by using scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the process of fertilization between crossbreeding and inbreeding of these two species.Some reticulate structures with Criss-cross and uncertain towards were found on the outer chorionic surface of E.moara.Vestibule, micropyle and micropore can be observed in the micropyle area. When the mature eggs and sperms encountered, they activated mutually and caused a series of responses. During 0~25 seconds post insemination, sperm attaching to the micropyle of mature egg was observed; during 30~45 seconds post insemination, the spermatozoon entering into the egg and the flagellum from the outside of micropyle were observed; The fertilization cone was formed in micropyle after the spermatozoon entered into the egg, and the fertilization plug was observed around the fertilization cone, and close to the micropyle. During 90 seconds~3 minutes post insemination, the egg surface began to repair. The polyspermy was not observed during the crossbreeding insemination.
引文
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[17]谢菁,区又君,李加儿,等.七带石斑鱼胚体和卵黄囊期仔鱼的发育[J].海洋通报,2009,28(2):41-49.
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[20]陈来钊,王子臣.温度对海湾扇贝与虾夷扇贝及其杂交受精、胚胎和早期幼体发育的影响[J].大连水产学院学报,1994,9(4):1-9.
[21]钟声平,陈超,王军,等.七带石斑鱼染色体核型研究[J].中国水产科学,2010,17(1):150-155.
[22]郭丰,王军,苏永全,等.云纹石斑鱼染色体核型研究[J].海洋科学,2006,30(8):1-3.
[23]王祖熊,张锦霞.鱼类杂交不亲和性的研究[J].水生生物学报,1986,10(2):171-179.
[24]洪一江.兴国红鲤成熟卵子卵膜的扫描电子显微镜观察[J].江西大学学报(自然科学版),1990,14(3):97-102.
[25]Amanze D,Iyengar,A.The micropyle:a sperm guidance system in teleost fertilization[J].Development,1990,109(2):495-500.
[26]Yamamoto T.Physiology of fertilization in fish egg[J].Inter Reu Cytol,1961,12:361-405.
[27]Laale H W.The perivitelline space and egg envelopes of bony fishes:A review[J].Copcia,1980,2:210-226.
[28]Hart N,Donovan M.Fine structure of the chorion and site of sperm entry in the egg of Brachydanio[J].Zool,1983,227(2):277-296.
[29]王瑞霞,张毓人,傅仑生,等.鲂鱼受精早期精子入卵的扫描电镜观察[J].水产学报,1982,6(4):313-320.
[30]Hart NH.Fertilization in the teleost fishes:mechanisms of sperm egg interaction[J].Int Rev Cytol,1990,121:1-66.
[31]黄永松.尼罗罗非鱼成熟卵结构及精子入卵早期电镜研究[J].动物学报,1990,36(3):227-230.
[32]郑文彪,潘炯化,安东,等.革胡子鲶受精过程的扫描电镜观察[J].动物学研究,1991,12(2):111-115.
[33]Ginsberg A.Sperm egg association and its relationship to the activation of the egg in salmonid fishes[J].Morpho,1963,1(1):13-33.
[34]高令秋.泥鳅精子入卵程序的扫描电镜观察[J].武汉大学学报(自然科学版),1995,41(6):741-744.
[35]吴莹莹,柳学周,王清印.大菱鲆成熟精子、卵子及精子入卵早期过程的电镜观察[J].渔业科学进展.2012,33(3):42-47.
[36]张筱兰,丛娇日,姚斐,等.黑鲷成熟精、卵和精子入卵早期过程的初步观察[J].海洋湖沼通报,1998,4:62-68.
[37]黄树庆,阎淑珍.黄海太平洋鲱受精前后卵膜的动态变化[J].青岛海洋大学学报,1997,27(2):196-202.
[2]Kudo S.Sperm penetration and the formation of a fertilization cone in the common carp egg[J].Growth Diff,1980,22(3):403-414.
[3]Hart N H,Yu S F.Cortical granule exocytosis and cell surface reorganization in eggs of Brackudanio rerio[J].Zool,1980,213(1):137-l57.
[4]Ohta T,Iwamatsu T.Electron microscopic observations on sperm entry into eggs of the rose bitterling,Rhodeus ocellatus[J].Zool,1983,227(1):109-119.
[5]Wolenski T,Hart N.Scanning electron microscope studies of sperm incorporation into the zebrafish Brach ydanio eggs[J].Zool,1987,243:259-273.
[6]Kobayaski W,Yamamoto T S.Light and electron microscopic observation of sperm entry in the chum salmon egg[J].Zool,1987,243(2):311-322.
[7]张天荫,封树芒,潘忠宗,等.鳙鱼受精早期扫描电镜观察[J].动物学报,1991,37(3):293-296.
[8]高洪娟,张天荫,刘廷礼,等.金鱼卵的皮层反应[J].山东大学学报(自然科学版),1996,31(1):82-89.
[9]陈军,刘伟,赵春刚,等.杂交鲶精子入卵扫描电镜观察[J].吉林农业大学学报,2004,26(3):343-346.
[10]孙际佳,郭云贵,李桂峰,等.赤眼鳟精子入卵的扫描电镜观察[J].中国水产科学,2006,13(5):740-743.
[11]王永玲,杨彩根,宋学宏,等.黄颡鱼精子入卵的扫描电镜观察[J].淡水渔业,2007,37(4):41-44.
[12]何振邦,洪万树,陈仕玺,等.中华乌塘鳢精子入卵过程的扫描电镜观察[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2009,48(1):128-133.
[13]Nagano N,Hozawa A,Fujiki W,et al.Skeletal development and deformities in cul tured larval and juvenile seven-band grouper,Epinephelus septemfasciatus(Thunberg)[J].Aquacult Res,2007,38(2):121-130.
[14]王新安,马爱军,陈超,等.七带石斑鱼两个野生群体形态差异分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2008,39(6):655-660.
[15]陈超,赵明,柳学周,等.七带石斑鱼胚胎及仔稚鱼形态观察[J].渔业科学进展,2011,32(5):24-31.
[16]程波,陈超,王印庚,等.七带石斑鱼肌肉营养成分分析与品质评价[J].渔业科学进展,2009,30(5):51-57.
[17]谢菁,区又君,李加儿,等.七带石斑鱼胚体和卵黄囊期仔鱼的发育[J].海洋通报,2009,28(2):41-49.
[18]李炎璐,王清印,陈超,等.云纹石斑鱼(♀)×七带石斑鱼(♂)杂交子一代胚胎发育及仔稚幼鱼形态学观察[J].中国水产科学,2012,19(5):1-12.
[19]廖光勇,区又君,李加儿,等.七带石斑鱼精子的超微结构[J].上海海洋大学学报,2011,20(1):71-75.
[20]陈来钊,王子臣.温度对海湾扇贝与虾夷扇贝及其杂交受精、胚胎和早期幼体发育的影响[J].大连水产学院学报,1994,9(4):1-9.
[21]钟声平,陈超,王军,等.七带石斑鱼染色体核型研究[J].中国水产科学,2010,17(1):150-155.
[22]郭丰,王军,苏永全,等.云纹石斑鱼染色体核型研究[J].海洋科学,2006,30(8):1-3.
[23]王祖熊,张锦霞.鱼类杂交不亲和性的研究[J].水生生物学报,1986,10(2):171-179.
[24]洪一江.兴国红鲤成熟卵子卵膜的扫描电子显微镜观察[J].江西大学学报(自然科学版),1990,14(3):97-102.
[25]Amanze D,Iyengar,A.The micropyle:a sperm guidance system in teleost fertilization[J].Development,1990,109(2):495-500.
[26]Yamamoto T.Physiology of fertilization in fish egg[J].Inter Reu Cytol,1961,12:361-405.
[27]Laale H W.The perivitelline space and egg envelopes of bony fishes:A review[J].Copcia,1980,2:210-226.
[28]Hart N,Donovan M.Fine structure of the chorion and site of sperm entry in the egg of Brachydanio[J].Zool,1983,227(2):277-296.
[29]王瑞霞,张毓人,傅仑生,等.鲂鱼受精早期精子入卵的扫描电镜观察[J].水产学报,1982,6(4):313-320.
[30]Hart NH.Fertilization in the teleost fishes:mechanisms of sperm egg interaction[J].Int Rev Cytol,1990,121:1-66.
[31]黄永松.尼罗罗非鱼成熟卵结构及精子入卵早期电镜研究[J].动物学报,1990,36(3):227-230.
[32]郑文彪,潘炯化,安东,等.革胡子鲶受精过程的扫描电镜观察[J].动物学研究,1991,12(2):111-115.
[33]Ginsberg A.Sperm egg association and its relationship to the activation of the egg in salmonid fishes[J].Morpho,1963,1(1):13-33.
[34]高令秋.泥鳅精子入卵程序的扫描电镜观察[J].武汉大学学报(自然科学版),1995,41(6):741-744.
[35]吴莹莹,柳学周,王清印.大菱鲆成熟精子、卵子及精子入卵早期过程的电镜观察[J].渔业科学进展.2012,33(3):42-47.
[36]张筱兰,丛娇日,姚斐,等.黑鲷成熟精、卵和精子入卵早期过程的初步观察[J].海洋湖沼通报,1998,4:62-68.
[37]黄树庆,阎淑珍.黄海太平洋鲱受精前后卵膜的动态变化[J].青岛海洋大学学报,1997,27(2):196-202.