黄鳝精子入卵过程扫描电镜观察
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摘要
利用扫描电镜技术对黄鳝(Monopterus albus)精子、成熟卵的形态以及精子入卵过程进行观察,结果显示:黄鳝精子为鞭毛型,无顶体,由头部、颈部和尾三部分组成,全长约13.02μm;成熟卵较大,直径约1.67~2.83 mm,表面均匀分布微小棘状突起,动物极有一卵膜孔,卵膜孔底部为一受精孔,卵膜孔周围有12~13条沟嵴;在28~29℃时,精子10 s内可完成入卵过程,同时受精孔向外分泌大量絮状物阻止其他精子进入;约45 s后受精孔外精子完全解体;2 min后絮状物完全转变为特殊的盖状受精栓。对精子、卵及受精孔进行测量,结合扫描电镜观察结果,推测黄鳝受精方式为单精受精。
The morphology of mature egg and sperm of Monopterus albus,and sperm penetration were observed under scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The sperm consists of two parts,the head and the tail,with a short neck.Diameter of the sperm head is 1.76 μm,and its length is 2.01 μm.The length of the tail is 11.01 μm.The mature egg of Monopterus albus is globular with a single micropyle on the animal pole.The micropyle is funneled with an annular fertilizing aperture on the bottom.The diameter of the micropyle is 8.51~ 9.53 μm.The egg membrane is watched smooth under the lower magnification of SEM.Under the high magnification of SEM,there are crazing and acanthoid tuber around the surface.Also,there are 12 ~ 13 folded ridges around the micropyle.The diameter of fertilizing aperture is 1.01 ~ 1.33 μm and 1.83 ~ 2.02 μm respectively before and after fertilizing.The whole process of sperm penetration is about 10s.After 45 seconds,the sperms around fertilizing aperture break down totally and are ejected by a cap-shaped embolus.The way of fertilization of Monopterus albus could be monospermy.
The morphology of mature egg and sperm of Monopterus albus,and sperm penetration were observed under scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The sperm consists of two parts,the head and the tail,with a short neck.Diameter of the sperm head is 1.76 μm,and its length is 2.01 μm.The length of the tail is 11.01 μm.The mature egg of Monopterus albus is globular with a single micropyle on the animal pole.The micropyle is funneled with an annular fertilizing aperture on the bottom.The diameter of the micropyle is 8.51~ 9.53 μm.The egg membrane is watched smooth under the lower magnification of SEM.Under the high magnification of SEM,there are crazing and acanthoid tuber around the surface.Also,there are 12 ~ 13 folded ridges around the micropyle.The diameter of fertilizing aperture is 1.01 ~ 1.33 μm and 1.83 ~ 2.02 μm respectively before and after fertilizing.The whole process of sperm penetration is about 10s.After 45 seconds,the sperms around fertilizing aperture break down totally and are ejected by a cap-shaped embolus.The way of fertilization of Monopterus albus could be monospermy.
引文
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[13]吴坤明,宋慧春.真骨鱼卵膜孔奇异结构的数学建模[J].生物数学学报,1998,13(1):104-110.
[2]王永玲,杨彩根,宋学宏,等.黄颡鱼精子入卵的扫描电镜观察[J].淡水渔业,2007,37(4):41-44.
[3]孙际佳,郭云贵,李桂峰,等.赤眼鳟精子入卵的扫描电镜观察[J].中国水产科学,2006,(5):740-744.
[4]吴莹莹,柳学周,王清印,等.大菱鲆成熟精子、卵子及精子入卵早期过程的电镜观察[J].渔业科学进展,2012,33(3):42-47.
[5]厉萍,危起伟,鲁大椿,等.中华鲟精卵特征及精子入卵早期过程观察[J].水利渔业,2007,27(2):9-11.
[6]陈军,刘伟,赵春刚,等.杂交鲶精子入卵扫描电镜观察[J].吉林农业大学学报,2004,26(3):343-346.
[7]何振邦,洪万树,陈仕玺,等.中华乌塘鳢精子入卵过程的扫描电镜观察[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2009,48(1):128-133.
[8]邓凤姣,肖汉兵,熊定荣,等.大鲵精子入卵过程的扫描电镜观察[J].武汉大学学报(自然科学版),1998,(6):79-81.
[9]周定刚,温安祥.黄鳝精子活力检测和精子入卵早期过程观察[J].水产学报,2003,27(5):398-402.
[10]郭素枝.扫描电镜技术及其应用[M].厦门:厦门大学出版社,2006:78-107.
[11]姜晓丹,蔡颖谦,杜谋选,等.一种适用于少量游离细胞的电镜标本制作方法[J].解剖学杂志,2001,24(6):598-600.
[12]宋慧春,吴坤明,沈其璋等.大银鱼卵膜孔结构的电镜观察[J].动物学报,1999,45(1):8-14.
[13]吴坤明,宋慧春.真骨鱼卵膜孔奇异结构的数学建模[J].生物数学学报,1998,13(1):104-110.