盾构渣土的环境问题与绿色处理
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摘要
城市地铁建设中,盾构法成为隧道施工的主要选择之一。盾构掘进施工产生的大量废弃渣土给城市环境带来了多方面的挑战,渣土的脱水、运输、堆填等过程均会对环境产生较大的不利影响。渣土作为一种城市矿产资源,堆填消纳都会占用大量土地资源,同时堆体边坡具有滑坡灾害风险,若回收渣土作为同步注浆材料、生态砖原料、路基填料等,将有效提升地铁建设的生态环保功能。但在目前,我国的盾构渣土回收利用率非常有限,需要进一步开展渣土应用研究。
In the subway construction in urban areas, shield method has become one of the main choices to construct tunnels. Lots of waste residues produced by shield tunneling have brought challenges from various aspects to the urban environment, where the dehydration, transportation, landfill and other processes carried out to the residues all would have a relatively greater adverse impact on the environment. The residues are urban mineral resources, but their fill-up and absorption would occupy a large amount of land resources. At the same time, there are risks of landslide to be caused by piles on the slope edges. If the residues could be recycled as synchronous grouting materials, ecological brick raw materials, roadbed fillings and others, it would effectively enhance the ecological and environmental functions of subway construction. However, at present, the recycling-utilization rate of shield residues is very limited in China. So, it is necessary to further study of how to develop the application of such residues.
In the subway construction in urban areas, shield method has become one of the main choices to construct tunnels. Lots of waste residues produced by shield tunneling have brought challenges from various aspects to the urban environment, where the dehydration, transportation, landfill and other processes carried out to the residues all would have a relatively greater adverse impact on the environment. The residues are urban mineral resources, but their fill-up and absorption would occupy a large amount of land resources. At the same time, there are risks of landslide to be caused by piles on the slope edges. If the residues could be recycled as synchronous grouting materials, ecological brick raw materials, roadbed fillings and others, it would effectively enhance the ecological and environmental functions of subway construction. However, at present, the recycling-utilization rate of shield residues is very limited in China. So, it is necessary to further study of how to develop the application of such residues.
引文
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[2]张利军.西安市建筑垃圾渣土资源再利用研究[J].环境工程,2017,35(5):122-124.
[3]丁纯刚,李雅文.地铁施工技术要点分析[J].城市建筑, 2 0 1 3(18):82.
[4]胡刚,江浩,徐振标.“城市矿产”视角下建筑废弃物的开发与利用——以广州市为例[J].城市问题,2016(1):47-51,57.
[5]杭州市墙改办.杭州市新型墙材资源新领域探索——建筑渣土资源化利用[J].墙材革新与建筑节能,2014(5):46-47.
[6]谢发之,李海斌,李国莲,等.盾构渣土基碳复合陶粒的制备及除磷性能[J].应用化学, 2017,34(2):211-219.
[7]钟小春,左佳,刘泉维,等.地层中粉细砂在盾构壁后注浆中的再利用研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(s1):293-296.
[8]彭柏兴.长沙地铁勘察若干问题的探讨[J].城市勘测,2008(2):140-146.
[9]殷跃平,李滨,王文沛,等.深圳“12·20”渣土场灾难滑坡成灾机理与岩土工程风险控制研究[J].Engineering,2016,2(2):176-216.
[10]徐道亮.土压平衡盾构高含水量渣土出渣技术研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2014.
[11]张卓,张峰君,谢发之,等.盾构渣土基免烧免蒸陶粒固化重金属离子研究[J].广州化工,2015,43(9):51-53.
[12]唐正一.砂卵石层盾构机渣土分离技术研究[J].城市建设理论研究:电子版,2015, 5(13).
[13]蔡永红.深圳水径余泥渣土受纳场设计研究[J].城市道桥与防洪,2011(10):152-156.