不同工质的有机朗肯循环系统变工况特性对比研究
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摘要
针对分布式能源系统中内燃机负荷变化较大、传统的有机朗肯循环(ORC)工质优选未能关注变工况性能的问题,开展了基于变工况特性的ORC工质优选研究。首先,基于MATLAB平台构建了基于变工况特性的工质优选模型,涉及系统设计参数获取、变工况仿真和热经济性分析3个层面,具有较高的模型精度。然后,基于该模型,针对8种典型实用性工质,分析了变工况循环性能及典型全日电负荷下的热经济性能。研究表明:水在高负荷工况时的净输出功率较多,适合运行在高负荷工况条件下,而甲苯在低负荷工况时展现出较大的性能优势,适合运行在低负荷工况条件下;在考虑实际运行情况下,水的发电成本和折旧回收期为0.131美元·(kW·h)~(-1)和8.08a,而甲苯的分别为0.127美元·(kW·h)~(-1)和6.75a。这些规律进一步表明,水适用于电负荷稳定的建筑类型,而甲苯适用于电负荷瞬变的建筑类型。
Focusing on the problem that engine loads frequently vary in distributed energy system,and the traditional working fluid selection is only on the basis of the rated engine working condition,the working fluid selection based on off-design performance is investigated in this paper.A model of working fluid selection consisted of system design parameters,off-design simulation,thermal-economic analysis is established by MATLAB.Then,the effects of engine working conditions on the cycle performance are studied and the thermal-economic performance analysis of ORC using eight potentially applicable working fluids is conducted according to the allday electricity demand of a hotel.The results show that water is more suitable for waste heat recovery under high engine working load,while toluene shows its advantage for the low loading conditions.Electricity production cost E~O and depreciated payback period D~O of water,taking into account changing operating conditions,are 0.131 $·(kW·h)~(-1) and 8.08 years E~O and D~O of toluene are 0.127$·(kW·h)~(-1) and 6.75 years,respectively.These results indicate that water is suitable for the building types with steady electricity demand,while toluene is suggested for the building types with transient electricity demand.
Focusing on the problem that engine loads frequently vary in distributed energy system,and the traditional working fluid selection is only on the basis of the rated engine working condition,the working fluid selection based on off-design performance is investigated in this paper.A model of working fluid selection consisted of system design parameters,off-design simulation,thermal-economic analysis is established by MATLAB.Then,the effects of engine working conditions on the cycle performance are studied and the thermal-economic performance analysis of ORC using eight potentially applicable working fluids is conducted according to the allday electricity demand of a hotel.The results show that water is more suitable for waste heat recovery under high engine working load,while toluene shows its advantage for the low loading conditions.Electricity production cost E~O and depreciated payback period D~O of water,taking into account changing operating conditions,are 0.131 $·(kW·h)~(-1) and 8.08 years E~O and D~O of toluene are 0.127$·(kW·h)~(-1) and 6.75 years,respectively.These results indicate that water is suitable for the building types with steady electricity demand,while toluene is suggested for the building types with transient electricity demand.
引文
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[26]高思静.分布式能源系统适应条件及配置的研究[D].山东:山东建筑大学,2013.
[2]LARSEN U,PIEROBON L,HAGLIND F,et al.Design and optimisation of organic Rankine cycles for waste heat recovery in marine applications using the principles of natural selection[J].Energy,2013,55(1):803-812.
[3]HE S,CHANG H,ZHANG X,et al.Working fluid selection for an organic Rankine cycle utilizing high and low temperature energy of an LNG engine[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2015,90:579-589.
[4]TIAN H,SHU G,WEI H,et al.Fluids and parameters optimization for the organic Rankine cycles(ORCs)used in exhaust heat recovery of internal combustion engine(ICE)[J].Energy,2012,47(1):125-136.
[5]YANG L,GONG M,GUO H,et al.Effects of critical and boiling temperatures on system performance and fluid selection indicator for low temperature organic Rankine cycles[J].Energy,2016,109:830-844.
[6]LI M,MU H,LI N,et al.Optimal option of naturalgas district distributed energy systems for various buildings[J].Energy&Buildings,2014,75(11):70-83.
[7]KIM I S,TONG S K,LEE J J.Off-design performance analysis of organic Rankine cycle using real operation data from a heat source plant[J].Energy Conversion&Management,2017,133:284-291.
[8]WANG X,TIAN H,SHU G,et al.Part-load performance prediction and operation strategy design of organic Rankine cycles with a medium cycle used for recovering waste heat from gaseous fuel engines[J].Energies,2016,9(7):527.
[9]SHU G,LI X,TIAN H,et al.Alkanes as working fluids for high-temperature exhaust heat recovery of diesel engine using organic Rankine cycle[J].Applied Energy,2014,119(15):204-217.
[10]SHU G,SHI L,TIAN H,et al.An improved CO2based transcritical Rankine cycle(CTRC)used for engine waste heat recovery[J].Applied Energy,2016,176:171-182.
[11]MONDEJARM E,AHLGREN F,THEM M,et al.Quasi-steady state simulation of an organic Rankine cycle for waste heat recovery in a passenger vessel[J].Applied Energy,2017,185(2):1324-1335.
[12]WANG D,LING X,PENG H,et al.Efficiency and optimal performance evaluation of organic Rankine cycle for low grade waste heat power generation[J].Energy,2013,50(50):343-352.
[13]WANG J,YAN Z,ZHAO P,et al.Off-design performance analysis of a solar-powered organic Rankine cycle[J].Energy Conversion&Management,2014,80(4):150-157.
[14]JENSEN J M,TUMMESCHEIT H.Moving boundary models for dynamic simulation of two-phase flows[C]∥The Second International Modelica Conference.Oberpfaffenhofen,Germany:Institut fur Robotik und Mechatronik,2002:235-244.
[15]WEI D,LUA X,ZHEN L,et al.Dynamic modeling and simulation of an organic Rankine cycle(ORC)system for waste heat recovery[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2008,28(10):1216-1224.
[16]QUOILIN S,AUMANN R,GRILL A,et al.Dynamic modeling and optimal control strategy of waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycles[J].Applied Energy,2011,88(6):2183-2190.
[17]HORST T A,TEGETHOFF W,EILTS P,et al.Prediction of dynamic Rankine cycle waste heat recovery performance and fuel saving potential in passenger car applications considering interactions with vehicles’energy management[J].Energy Conversion&Management,2014,78:438-451.
[18]MANENTE G,TOFFOLO A,LAZZARETTO A,et al.An organic Rankine cycle off-design model for the search of the optimal control strategy[J].Energy,2013,58(9):97-106.
[19]JENKINS S.Economic indicators:CEPCI[EB/OL].[2015-03-19].http:∥www.chemengonline.com/economic-indicators-cepci/?printmode=1.
[20]柴俊霖,田瑞,杨富斌,等.车用柴油机余热回收有机朗肯循环系统方案热经济性对比分析[J].化工学报,2017,68(8):3258-3265.CHAI Junlin,TIAN Rui,YANG Fubin,et al.Thermo-economic comparative analysis of different organic Rankine cycle system schemes for vehicle diesel engine waste heat recovery[J].CIESC Journal,2017,68(8):3258-3265.
[21]YU G,SHU G,TIAN H,et al.Multi-approach evaluations of a cascade-organic Rankine cycle(C-ORC)system driven by diesel engine waste heat:Part BTechno-economic evaluations[J].Energy Conversion&Management,2016,108:596-608.
[22]ULRICH G D.A guide to chemical engineering process design and economics[M].New York,USA:John Wiley and Sons,1984:93-95.
[23]TUO H.Thermaleconomic analysis of a transcritical Rankine power cycle with reheat enhancement for a lowgrade heat source[J].International Journal of Energy Research,2013,37(8):857-867.
[24]WANG X,SHU G,TIAN H,et al.Dynamic analysis of the dual-loop organic Rankine cycle for waste heat recovery of a natural gas engine[J].Energy Conversion&Management,2017,148:724-736.
[25]LI M,MU H,LI N,et al.Optimal design and operation strategy for integrated evaluation of CCHP(combined cooling heating and power)system[J].Energy,2016,99:202-220.
[26]高思静.分布式能源系统适应条件及配置的研究[D].山东:山东建筑大学,2013.