植物感知影响因子及价值认知研究
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摘要
植物感知和价值认知是植景设计的基础。构建植物感知指标体系和价值认知结构方程模型,采用问卷和访谈法,对公众植物感知影响因子及价值认知进行研究。感知影响因子分析可知:植物感知影响因子可分为生命、美学、空间、文化4个公因子;影响因子因感知主体年龄属性不同存在局部差异。价值认知模型分析可知:美学、文化和空间特质对植物价值认知具有正向作用,且效用依次降低;观测变量中,美学特质中"枝叶""花果""声音""质感",空间特质中"顶层空间"和"水平空间",文化特质中"文化象征"和"文化意境"对价值认知影响较大。植景设计应在合理范围内以美学特质为主导,同时推敲空间界面,从植景到植境的升华,并弥补公众对植物生命属性认知的不足。
Plant perception and value recognition are the basis of plant design. By using questionnaires and interviews, the paper constructed plant perception index system and value recognition structure equation model, to explore plant perception influencing factors and value recognition of the public. Perception influencing factors analysis shows that four traits of life, aesthetics, space and culture are the important influence factors of plant perception, and there are slight differences among different age groups in perception influencing factors. Value recognition model analysis shows that aesthetic, cultural and spatial characteristics have a positive effect on plant value perception, and their utility decreases in turn.Among observed variables, the aesthetic traits of "branches and leaves" "flower" "sound" and "texture", space traits of "top space" and "horizontal space", and cultural traits of "cultural symbol" and "cultural conception" have a big impact on value recognition.Therefore, landscape planting design should take aesthetic characteristics as the leading within a reasonable range, give consideration to the spatial interface, try to upgrade from landscape planting to planting artistic conception, and make up for the lack of public recognition of plant biology.
Plant perception and value recognition are the basis of plant design. By using questionnaires and interviews, the paper constructed plant perception index system and value recognition structure equation model, to explore plant perception influencing factors and value recognition of the public. Perception influencing factors analysis shows that four traits of life, aesthetics, space and culture are the important influence factors of plant perception, and there are slight differences among different age groups in perception influencing factors. Value recognition model analysis shows that aesthetic, cultural and spatial characteristics have a positive effect on plant value perception, and their utility decreases in turn.Among observed variables, the aesthetic traits of "branches and leaves" "flower" "sound" and "texture", space traits of "top space" and "horizontal space", and cultural traits of "cultural symbol" and "cultural conception" have a big impact on value recognition.Therefore, landscape planting design should take aesthetic characteristics as the leading within a reasonable range, give consideration to the spatial interface, try to upgrade from landscape planting to planting artistic conception, and make up for the lack of public recognition of plant biology.
引文
[1]高翅.植物认知与植景设计[J].风景园林,2012,19(5):50-51.
[2]Fornell C.A National Customer Satisfaction Barometer:The Swedish Experience[J].Journal of Marketing,1992,56(1):6-21.
[3]Brecka J.The American customer satisfaction index[J].Quality Progress,1994,27(10):41-44.
[4]Thomson K.The benefits of measuring customer satisfaction[J].CMA Magazine,1995,69(7):32-37.
[5]Akama J S,Kieti D M.Measuring tourist satisfaction with Kenya's wildlife safari:a case study of Tsavo West National Park[J].Tourism Management,2003,24(1):73-81.
[6]BignéJ E,Andreu L,Gnoth J.The theme park experience:An analysis of pleasure,arousa and satisfaction[J].Tourism Management,2005,26(6):833-844.
[7]仇梦嫄,王芳,沙润,等.游客对旅游景区声景观属性的感知和满意度研究:以南京夫子庙-秦淮风光带为例[J].旅游学刊,2013,28(1):54-61.
[8]蔡秋阳,高翅.园林博览园游客满意度影响因素及机理分析:基于结构方程模型的实证研究[J].中国园林,2016,32(8):58-64.
[9]郑西平,张启翔.北京城市园林绿化植物应用现状与展望[J].中国园林,2011,27(5):81-85.
[10]张广增,张义飞.生态园林是生态城市建设的必然[J].城市发展研究,2001(S1):36-39.
[11]de Abreu-Harbich L V,Labaki L C,Matzarakis A.Effect of tree planting design and tree species on human thermal comfort in the tropics[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2015,138:99-109.
[12]王明荣,宋国防.生态园林设计中植物的配置[J].中国园林,2011,27(5):86-90.
[13]蔡秋阳,祁磊,高翅,等.武汉市张公堤绿道植景评价研究[J].中国园林,2017,33(8):73-76.
[14]宗桦.成都市养老院植物景观现状调查及应用研究[J].中国园林,2013,29(11):120-123.
[15]孙筱祥.园林艺术与园林设计[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011.
[16]覃力.亭旁植物的配置与意境创造[J].中国园林,1995,11(3):49-51.
[17]陈晓刚,林辉.城市园林植物景观设计之意境营造研究[J].城市发展研究,2015,22(7):1-3.
[18]侯涛.浅论江南文人园林布局与意境营造[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2007.
[19]苏雪痕.植物景观规划设计[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2012.
[20]于东明,高翅,臧德奎.滨海景观带园林植物的选择及应用研究:以山东省基岩海岸城市为例[J].中国园林,2003,19(7):77-79.
[21]邹雨岑.康复花园植物景观设计研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2014.
[22]蒙薇,杨华,车代弟.人-植物空间-情感:以天津市河东公园植物空间设计为例[J].中国园林,2010,26(10):91-94.
[23]张楠,王瑶瑶,高翅.武汉园博园水系植景分析[J].中国城市林业,2016,14(5):35-40.
[24]陆哲明,臧德奎.华南地区植物季相景观探索[J].中国园林,2015,31(4):79-84.
[25]高翅.试论中国园林景观意境的创造[J].华中农业大学学报,1995(4):397-400.
[26]侯碧清.株洲市城市植物造景研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2006.
[27]张斌,高翅,胡学泽.荟萃各国农家风情融会现代生态理念:走马岭乡土风情园规划设计[J].中国园林,2003,19(9):17-20.
[28]邵丹锦.中国传统园林种植设计理法研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2012.
[29]周欣,秦仁强,镇淑娟.中国传统绘画形式与植物关系的解读[J].设计艺术研究,2016(2):47-51.
[2]Fornell C.A National Customer Satisfaction Barometer:The Swedish Experience[J].Journal of Marketing,1992,56(1):6-21.
[3]Brecka J.The American customer satisfaction index[J].Quality Progress,1994,27(10):41-44.
[4]Thomson K.The benefits of measuring customer satisfaction[J].CMA Magazine,1995,69(7):32-37.
[5]Akama J S,Kieti D M.Measuring tourist satisfaction with Kenya's wildlife safari:a case study of Tsavo West National Park[J].Tourism Management,2003,24(1):73-81.
[6]BignéJ E,Andreu L,Gnoth J.The theme park experience:An analysis of pleasure,arousa and satisfaction[J].Tourism Management,2005,26(6):833-844.
[7]仇梦嫄,王芳,沙润,等.游客对旅游景区声景观属性的感知和满意度研究:以南京夫子庙-秦淮风光带为例[J].旅游学刊,2013,28(1):54-61.
[8]蔡秋阳,高翅.园林博览园游客满意度影响因素及机理分析:基于结构方程模型的实证研究[J].中国园林,2016,32(8):58-64.
[9]郑西平,张启翔.北京城市园林绿化植物应用现状与展望[J].中国园林,2011,27(5):81-85.
[10]张广增,张义飞.生态园林是生态城市建设的必然[J].城市发展研究,2001(S1):36-39.
[11]de Abreu-Harbich L V,Labaki L C,Matzarakis A.Effect of tree planting design and tree species on human thermal comfort in the tropics[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2015,138:99-109.
[12]王明荣,宋国防.生态园林设计中植物的配置[J].中国园林,2011,27(5):86-90.
[13]蔡秋阳,祁磊,高翅,等.武汉市张公堤绿道植景评价研究[J].中国园林,2017,33(8):73-76.
[14]宗桦.成都市养老院植物景观现状调查及应用研究[J].中国园林,2013,29(11):120-123.
[15]孙筱祥.园林艺术与园林设计[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011.
[16]覃力.亭旁植物的配置与意境创造[J].中国园林,1995,11(3):49-51.
[17]陈晓刚,林辉.城市园林植物景观设计之意境营造研究[J].城市发展研究,2015,22(7):1-3.
[18]侯涛.浅论江南文人园林布局与意境营造[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2007.
[19]苏雪痕.植物景观规划设计[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2012.
[20]于东明,高翅,臧德奎.滨海景观带园林植物的选择及应用研究:以山东省基岩海岸城市为例[J].中国园林,2003,19(7):77-79.
[21]邹雨岑.康复花园植物景观设计研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2014.
[22]蒙薇,杨华,车代弟.人-植物空间-情感:以天津市河东公园植物空间设计为例[J].中国园林,2010,26(10):91-94.
[23]张楠,王瑶瑶,高翅.武汉园博园水系植景分析[J].中国城市林业,2016,14(5):35-40.
[24]陆哲明,臧德奎.华南地区植物季相景观探索[J].中国园林,2015,31(4):79-84.
[25]高翅.试论中国园林景观意境的创造[J].华中农业大学学报,1995(4):397-400.
[26]侯碧清.株洲市城市植物造景研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2006.
[27]张斌,高翅,胡学泽.荟萃各国农家风情融会现代生态理念:走马岭乡土风情园规划设计[J].中国园林,2003,19(9):17-20.
[28]邵丹锦.中国传统园林种植设计理法研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2012.
[29]周欣,秦仁强,镇淑娟.中国传统绘画形式与植物关系的解读[J].设计艺术研究,2016(2):47-51.