1986—2016年辽宁省强降水气候特征
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摘要
利用1986—2016年62个国家气象站5—10月的逐日和逐小时降水观测资料,分析了辽宁省强降水的发生规律,包括强降水发生范围,逐年、逐月、逐旬、逐时变化特征、空间分布特征、雨强分布规律等。结果表明:(1)1994年辽宁省强降水频繁、雨强大、降水范围大,为典型强降水年份。(2)辽宁省强降水主要集中在7—8月,尤其是7月下旬—8月上旬,占总发生次数的38.3%。(3)早晨和下午为短时强降水高发时段,上午及夜间为短时强降水的低发时段。(4)辽宁省强降水呈东多西少、南多北少特点,存在3个高值区,2个低值区。(5)辽宁省短时强降水以20～40 mm/h为主,日强降水以50～100 mm/24 h为主。
Based on the daily and hourly observational precipitation data of 62 meteorological stations from May to October during 1986-2016,the occurrence regularity characteristics of the strong precipitation in Liaoning Province were investigated. Particularly, we analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution of the strong precipitation and the time evolution features at multi-time scales.Six main conclusions were presented.(1)1994 is a typical rainy year with a frequently-occurred,intense and large-scale strong precipitation.(2)The strong precipitation mainly occurs in July and August,and the rainfall in late July and early August accounts for 38.3%.(3)It is found that the strong precipitation is more likely to occur in the morning and afternoon rather than in the forenoon or nighttime.(4)Strong precipitation in the east and south of Liaoning Province are more than that in the west and north,and it is with three high centers and two low centers.(5)In Liaoning Province,shortterm heavy precipitation mainly occurs at a magnitude of 20～40 mm/h,and daily heavy precipitation mainly occurs at a magnitude of 50～100 mm/h.
Based on the daily and hourly observational precipitation data of 62 meteorological stations from May to October during 1986-2016,the occurrence regularity characteristics of the strong precipitation in Liaoning Province were investigated. Particularly, we analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution of the strong precipitation and the time evolution features at multi-time scales.Six main conclusions were presented.(1)1994 is a typical rainy year with a frequently-occurred,intense and large-scale strong precipitation.(2)The strong precipitation mainly occurs in July and August,and the rainfall in late July and early August accounts for 38.3%.(3)It is found that the strong precipitation is more likely to occur in the morning and afternoon rather than in the forenoon or nighttime.(4)Strong precipitation in the east and south of Liaoning Province are more than that in the west and north,and it is with three high centers and two low centers.(5)In Liaoning Province,shortterm heavy precipitation mainly occurs at a magnitude of 20～40 mm/h,and daily heavy precipitation mainly occurs at a magnitude of 50～100 mm/h.
引文
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[13]孙凤华,袁健.辽宁省近50年降水序列变化规律及干旱预测[J].气象,2004,30(6):32-35.
[14]孙欣,陈传雷,梁寒,等.辽宁地区大暴雨环境场和物理量场合成分析,气象与环境学报,2016,32(5):40-46.
[15]郝莹,姚叶青,郑媛媛,等.短时强降水的多尺度分析及邻近预警[J].气象,2012,38(8):903-912.
[2]汤绪,孙国武,钱维宏.亚洲夏季风北边缘研究.[M].北京:气象出版社,2007.
[3]邹立尧,丁一汇.1961—2005年东北暴雨气候特征分析[J].高原气象,2010,29(5):1314-1321.
[4]李东邦,赵中军,舒黎忠,等.1961—2010年东北地区降水事件时空均匀性研究[J].气象与环境学报,2014,30(3):52-58.
[5]孙军,代刊,樊利强.2010年7—8月东北地区强降雨过程分析和预报技术探讨[J].气象,2011,37(7):785-794.
[6]陈秋萍,黄东兴,余建华,等.闽北前汛期短时强降水与雷达回波特征[J].气象,2001,27(8):48-53.
[7]沈澄,颜廷柏,刘冬晴,等.2008—2012年南京短时强降水特征分析[J].气象与环境学报,2015,31(1):28-33.
[8]孙凤华,吴志坚,杨素英.东北地区近50年来极端降水和干燥事件时空演变特征[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(7):779-784.
[9]孙凤华,杨素英,任国玉.东北地区降水日数、强度和持续时间的年代际变化[J].应用气象学报,2007,18(5):611-618.
[10]杨青,韩秀君,高松影,等.1960—2011年辽宁省大暴雨时空分布特征[J].气象与环境学报,2015,31(1):34-42.
[11]赵春雨,张运福,王颖.辽宁省近44年夏季降水变化及区域特征分析[J].干旱区地理,2008,31(1):56-61.
[12]李广霞,陈传雷,才奎志.辽宁夏季降水变化特征分析[J].气象与环境科学,2008,31(2):31-34.
[13]孙凤华,袁健.辽宁省近50年降水序列变化规律及干旱预测[J].气象,2004,30(6):32-35.
[14]孙欣,陈传雷,梁寒,等.辽宁地区大暴雨环境场和物理量场合成分析,气象与环境学报,2016,32(5):40-46.
[15]郝莹,姚叶青,郑媛媛,等.短时强降水的多尺度分析及邻近预警[J].气象,2012,38(8):903-912.