三价铬厚铬镀层的制备及性能表征
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摘要
为了开发替代六价铬电镀的三价铬电镀工艺,采用氯化物三价铬镀液体系,在30CrMnSi高强度钢上制备了厚度100μm以上的厚铬镀层,其沉积速率为1.2μm/min;通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、中性盐雾试验、动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗对镀层的微观形貌、化学组成和耐蚀性进行了表征和分析。结果表明:三价铬镀铬层由金属铬、氢氧化铬和氧化铬组成;镀层表面为瘤状小球结构,结晶致密、有小孔及微裂纹;镀层与基体结合力良好;铬镀层表现出典型的钝化行为,抗盐雾处理后的铬镀层经过232 h中性盐雾试验无锈蚀。
In order to develop a trivalent chromium electroplating technique to replace the hexavalent chromium plating technique,a chromium coating with a thickness of over 100 μm was prepared on 30 CrMnSi high strength steel in trivalent chromium chloride system. The deposition rate was 1.2 μm/min. The microstructure,chemical composition and corrosion resistance of coating were investigated by scanning electron microscope,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,neutral salt spray test,potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectrum,respectively. Results showed that the coating was composed of metal chromium,chromium hydroxide and chromium oxide. The coating surface presented as ball structure with dense crystallization,but a small number of micro cracks and pores were also detected. The adhesion of chromium coating to the substrate was good. The chromium coating exhibited typical passivation behavior,and no corrosion phenomenon was observed on the coating after neutral salt spray test for 232 h.
In order to develop a trivalent chromium electroplating technique to replace the hexavalent chromium plating technique,a chromium coating with a thickness of over 100 μm was prepared on 30 CrMnSi high strength steel in trivalent chromium chloride system. The deposition rate was 1.2 μm/min. The microstructure,chemical composition and corrosion resistance of coating were investigated by scanning electron microscope,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,neutral salt spray test,potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectrum,respectively. Results showed that the coating was composed of metal chromium,chromium hydroxide and chromium oxide. The coating surface presented as ball structure with dense crystallization,but a small number of micro cracks and pores were also detected. The adhesion of chromium coating to the substrate was good. The chromium coating exhibited typical passivation behavior,and no corrosion phenomenon was observed on the coating after neutral salt spray test for 232 h.
引文
[1]高岩.电镀添加剂配方设计与应用技术[M].北京:北方工业出版社,2006:194.
[2]GB/T 11379-2008,金属覆盖层工程用铬电镀层[S].
[3]田永良.活塞杆镀硬铬[J].电镀与环保,2010,30(5):47-48.
[4]CHENG Q,HE Y D.Properties of nanocrystalline Cr coatings prepared by cathode plasma electrolytic deposition from trivalent chromium electrolyte[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2015(269):319-323.
[5]张伟,吴承伟.三价铬电镀的研究进展[J].材料保护,2013,46(9):38-43.
[6]GUO C W,JEFFREY L.Progress in research on trivalent chromium plating technology[J].Total Corrosion Control,2011,25(8)46-49.
[7]武汉材料保护研究所.三价铬硬铬电镀方法:201210210952.7[P].2014-01-15.
[8]广州市二轻工业科学技术研究所.一种全硫酸盐三价铬镀厚铬溶液及电镀方法:200910042266.1[P].2010-02-10.
[9]陈磊,陈文汨,龚竹青,等.在三价铬Cl--SO2-4体系中电沉积厚镀层的研究[J].材料保护,1999,32(6):1-3.
[10]张景双,屠振密,安茂忠,等.代铬镀层的研究和应用[J].电镀与环保,2001,21(1):4-7.
[11]李家柱,李艳景,田孝华,等.三价铬硬铬电镀及镀层性能表征[J].电镀与涂饰,2016,35(7):362-365.
[12]葛文军,汪定江,陈名华,等.飞机作动筒活塞杆的摩擦电喷镀修复工艺[J].材料保护,2008,41(4):59-60.
[13]张允诚,胡如南,向荣,等.电镀手册[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2011:218.
[14]GB/T 26108-2010,三价铬电镀技术条件[S].
[15]屠振密,杨哲龙,汪沦海,等.三价铬电镀机理的研究---铬层不能增厚的原因[J].材料保护,1985,18(3):14-16.
[16]曹楚南,张鉴清.电化学阻抗谱导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:26-27.
[17]季铁安,丁祥,蒋穹,等.电化学方法研究腐蚀介质对热浸镀Al-Zn-Si-RE合金镀层腐蚀行为的影响[J].材料保护,2018,51(7):56-61.
[2]GB/T 11379-2008,金属覆盖层工程用铬电镀层[S].
[3]田永良.活塞杆镀硬铬[J].电镀与环保,2010,30(5):47-48.
[4]CHENG Q,HE Y D.Properties of nanocrystalline Cr coatings prepared by cathode plasma electrolytic deposition from trivalent chromium electrolyte[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2015(269):319-323.
[5]张伟,吴承伟.三价铬电镀的研究进展[J].材料保护,2013,46(9):38-43.
[6]GUO C W,JEFFREY L.Progress in research on trivalent chromium plating technology[J].Total Corrosion Control,2011,25(8)46-49.
[7]武汉材料保护研究所.三价铬硬铬电镀方法:201210210952.7[P].2014-01-15.
[8]广州市二轻工业科学技术研究所.一种全硫酸盐三价铬镀厚铬溶液及电镀方法:200910042266.1[P].2010-02-10.
[9]陈磊,陈文汨,龚竹青,等.在三价铬Cl--SO2-4体系中电沉积厚镀层的研究[J].材料保护,1999,32(6):1-3.
[10]张景双,屠振密,安茂忠,等.代铬镀层的研究和应用[J].电镀与环保,2001,21(1):4-7.
[11]李家柱,李艳景,田孝华,等.三价铬硬铬电镀及镀层性能表征[J].电镀与涂饰,2016,35(7):362-365.
[12]葛文军,汪定江,陈名华,等.飞机作动筒活塞杆的摩擦电喷镀修复工艺[J].材料保护,2008,41(4):59-60.
[13]张允诚,胡如南,向荣,等.电镀手册[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2011:218.
[14]GB/T 26108-2010,三价铬电镀技术条件[S].
[15]屠振密,杨哲龙,汪沦海,等.三价铬电镀机理的研究---铬层不能增厚的原因[J].材料保护,1985,18(3):14-16.
[16]曹楚南,张鉴清.电化学阻抗谱导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:26-27.
[17]季铁安,丁祥,蒋穹,等.电化学方法研究腐蚀介质对热浸镀Al-Zn-Si-RE合金镀层腐蚀行为的影响[J].材料保护,2018,51(7):56-61.