旅居养老者出游动机、行为特征及市场开发研究
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摘要
近年来,我国旅居养老产业迅速发展,但理论研究滞后于实践,相关研究亟待进行。在对32位旅居老人深度访谈的基础上,从旅居老人的出游动机、行为特征和服务需求等方面进行了分析。结果表明:旅居老人的出游动机主要包括避暑/避寒、排遣孤寂、康养身体、放松身心和弥补遗憾;影响旅居老人决策行为的因素包括自身因素以及目的地因素;旅居信息来源主要是亲朋好友推荐,主要推荐工具为微信。最后针对旅居养老市场开发提出相关建议。
In recent years,China's residential and old-age care industry has developed rapidly,but theoretical research lags behind practice. Relevant research needs to be carried out urgently. Based on the in-depth interviews with 32 elderly people living in the home,the article analyzes the travel motivation,behavioral characteristics and service needs of the elderly living. The results show that the travel motivation of the elderly mainly includes summer/winter shelter,loneliness,health,relaxation and compensation; the factors affecting the decision-making behavior of the elderly include the elderly themselves and the destination; the source of travel information is mainly recommended by relatives and friends. The main recommended tool is WeChat. Finally,it puts forward relevant countermeasures for the problems existing in the traveling pension market.
In recent years,China's residential and old-age care industry has developed rapidly,but theoretical research lags behind practice. Relevant research needs to be carried out urgently. Based on the in-depth interviews with 32 elderly people living in the home,the article analyzes the travel motivation,behavioral characteristics and service needs of the elderly living. The results show that the travel motivation of the elderly mainly includes summer/winter shelter,loneliness,health,relaxation and compensation; the factors affecting the decision-making behavior of the elderly include the elderly themselves and the destination; the source of travel information is mainly recommended by relatives and friends. The main recommended tool is WeChat. Finally,it puts forward relevant countermeasures for the problems existing in the traveling pension market.
引文
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[4]周刚.养老旅游及其开发的可行性研究[J].商业经济文萃,2006(3):63-66.
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[6]潘美含.杨晓霞.潘卓.基于生命历程理论的养老旅游决策行为影响因素研究:以重庆市为例[J].人文地理,2017,32(6):154-160.
[7]李茜瑞.需求导向的哈尔滨市候鸟式养老服务优化对策研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨商业大学,2017:1-42.
[8]CABER M,ALAYRAK T. Push or pull? Identifying rock climbing tour-ists'motivations[J]. Tourism Management,2016(55):74-84.
[9]莫琨.郑鹏.养老旅游意愿影响因素实证分析:基于推拉理论[J].资源开发与市场,2014,30(6):758-762.
[10]黄璜.国外养老旅游研究进展与我国借鉴[J].旅游科学,2013,27(6):13-24.
[11]张慧清,吴清爱.“空巢候鸟”老人的心理需求及对策[J].中国老年学杂志,2012,32(13):2902-2904.
[12]曹芙蓉.旅游银发族的世界格局及其需求特征[J].旅游学刊,2008,23(6):36-42.
[13]包亚芳.基于“推-拉”理论的杭州老年人出游动机研究[J].旅游学刊,2009,24(11):47-52.
[14]FLEICHER A,PIZAM A. Tourism constraints among Israeli seniors. Annals of Tourism Research,2002,29(1):106.
[15]HUS C H C,CAI L A,WONG K K F. A model of senior tourism motivations-anecdotes from Beijing and Shanghai[J]. Tourism management,2007,28(5):1262-1273.
[16]DANN G M S. Anomie,Ego-enhaneement and Tourism[J]. Annals of Tourism Research,1977,4(4)∶184-194.
[17]张映芹,冯亚江.“南漂老人”旅居养老服务需求研究[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报,2018(1):94-101.
[18]KIM M J,KIM W G,KIM J M. Does knowledge matter to seniors’ usage of mobile devices focusing on motivation and attachment[J]. International journal of contemporary hospitality management,2016(8):1702-1727.
[19]周裕琼.数字弱势群体的崛起:老年人微信采纳与使用影响因素研究[J].新闻与传播研究,2018(7):66-86.
[20]刘昌平,汪连杰.新常态下的新业态:旅居养老产业及其发展路径[J].现代经济探讨,2017(1):23-28.
[21]林元昌,许亦善.旅居养老业态打造路径研究:基于“清新福建”视角[J].中共福建省省委党校学报,2018(7):102-107.
[22]金红霞.旅居式养老模式的探析:以海南普仁养老基地为例[D].昆明:云南财经大学,2017:1-54.
[23]尤元文.对“医养旅居”相结合养老模式的思考.[J]中国党政干部论坛,2014:96-98.
[24]何阳.异地养老文献综述及其引申[J].重庆社会科学,2015,10(10):66-71.
[25]李敏.基于因子分析的老年旅游者旅游动机研究[J].宿州学院学报,2011,26(9):59-63.
(1)注:A01-A30表示访谈老人序号。
[2]仇志娟.我国城乡老年人口家庭结构及其养老问题的差异性研究[J].湖北社会科学,2018(7):46-52.
[3]中国老龄办.旅居养老服务机构评价准则[P]. 2015. 11.
[4]周刚.养老旅游及其开发的可行性研究[J].商业经济文萃,2006(3):63-66.
[5]陈雪钧.李莉.基于价值链视域的旅游养老产业发展模式研究[J].旅游经济,2017(7):105-110.
[6]潘美含.杨晓霞.潘卓.基于生命历程理论的养老旅游决策行为影响因素研究:以重庆市为例[J].人文地理,2017,32(6):154-160.
[7]李茜瑞.需求导向的哈尔滨市候鸟式养老服务优化对策研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨商业大学,2017:1-42.
[8]CABER M,ALAYRAK T. Push or pull? Identifying rock climbing tour-ists'motivations[J]. Tourism Management,2016(55):74-84.
[9]莫琨.郑鹏.养老旅游意愿影响因素实证分析:基于推拉理论[J].资源开发与市场,2014,30(6):758-762.
[10]黄璜.国外养老旅游研究进展与我国借鉴[J].旅游科学,2013,27(6):13-24.
[11]张慧清,吴清爱.“空巢候鸟”老人的心理需求及对策[J].中国老年学杂志,2012,32(13):2902-2904.
[12]曹芙蓉.旅游银发族的世界格局及其需求特征[J].旅游学刊,2008,23(6):36-42.
[13]包亚芳.基于“推-拉”理论的杭州老年人出游动机研究[J].旅游学刊,2009,24(11):47-52.
[14]FLEICHER A,PIZAM A. Tourism constraints among Israeli seniors. Annals of Tourism Research,2002,29(1):106.
[15]HUS C H C,CAI L A,WONG K K F. A model of senior tourism motivations-anecdotes from Beijing and Shanghai[J]. Tourism management,2007,28(5):1262-1273.
[16]DANN G M S. Anomie,Ego-enhaneement and Tourism[J]. Annals of Tourism Research,1977,4(4)∶184-194.
[17]张映芹,冯亚江.“南漂老人”旅居养老服务需求研究[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报,2018(1):94-101.
[18]KIM M J,KIM W G,KIM J M. Does knowledge matter to seniors’ usage of mobile devices focusing on motivation and attachment[J]. International journal of contemporary hospitality management,2016(8):1702-1727.
[19]周裕琼.数字弱势群体的崛起:老年人微信采纳与使用影响因素研究[J].新闻与传播研究,2018(7):66-86.
[20]刘昌平,汪连杰.新常态下的新业态:旅居养老产业及其发展路径[J].现代经济探讨,2017(1):23-28.
[21]林元昌,许亦善.旅居养老业态打造路径研究:基于“清新福建”视角[J].中共福建省省委党校学报,2018(7):102-107.
[22]金红霞.旅居式养老模式的探析:以海南普仁养老基地为例[D].昆明:云南财经大学,2017:1-54.
[23]尤元文.对“医养旅居”相结合养老模式的思考.[J]中国党政干部论坛,2014:96-98.
[24]何阳.异地养老文献综述及其引申[J].重庆社会科学,2015,10(10):66-71.
[25]李敏.基于因子分析的老年旅游者旅游动机研究[J].宿州学院学报,2011,26(9):59-63.
(1)注:A01-A30表示访谈老人序号。