叙事医学在我国的在地化发展
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摘要
叙事医学被引入我国后,近几年有了迅速的发展,国内学者一直在为叙事医学的在地化努力,试图厘清其所涵盖的范围,找到叙事医学跟我国实际情况相结合的途径,以使其规范化和体系化发展。简短回顾叙事医学在我国迅速发展的原因,并提出在我国叙事医学有狭义和广义之分,狭义叙事医学是由医务人员带有叙事能力而主动实施的、"自上而下"实践医学的一种方式;而广义叙事医学是其他学科(特别是语言学和文学),甚至是公众按照各自的方法对医患相遇过程、患病体验等的研究和描述。通过详细分析222篇中文狭义叙事医学文献涵盖的范围,指出狭义叙事医学实践的发展需有广义叙事医学研究助力,并结合我国叙事医学发展中的问题指出了未来的研究方向。
Narrative medicine has developed very rapidly since its introduction into China. Chinese scholars have been making great efforts for its localized development,such as trying to define the scope of narrative medicine and finding ways to integrate narrative medicine with the Chinese context,so that narrative medicine can develop in a standardized and systematic way. This paper will first briefly review the reasons for the rapid development of narrative medicine in China. The authors then argue that in China,narrative medicine can be divided into two categories: narrative medicine in the narrow sense and narrative medicine in the broad sense. Narrative medicine in the narrow sense is a top-down approach to practice medicine with narrative competence by healthcare professionals.Narrative medicine in the broad sense refers to research by other disciplines,especially linguistics and literature,to study the process of the doctor-patient encounter. This paper analyses in detail the range covered in the 222 Chinese-language papers on narrative medicine in the narrow sense. It argues that the research results of narrative medicine in the broad sense can be used to serve the training of healthcare professionals and medical students. It also points out the further research questions in this field of study.
Narrative medicine has developed very rapidly since its introduction into China. Chinese scholars have been making great efforts for its localized development,such as trying to define the scope of narrative medicine and finding ways to integrate narrative medicine with the Chinese context,so that narrative medicine can develop in a standardized and systematic way. This paper will first briefly review the reasons for the rapid development of narrative medicine in China. The authors then argue that in China,narrative medicine can be divided into two categories: narrative medicine in the narrow sense and narrative medicine in the broad sense. Narrative medicine in the narrow sense is a top-down approach to practice medicine with narrative competence by healthcare professionals.Narrative medicine in the broad sense refers to research by other disciplines,especially linguistics and literature,to study the process of the doctor-patient encounter. This paper analyses in detail the range covered in the 222 Chinese-language papers on narrative medicine in the narrow sense. It argues that the research results of narrative medicine in the broad sense can be used to serve the training of healthcare professionals and medical students. It also points out the further research questions in this field of study.
引文
[1]王应芝.我国医改不成功之思考[J].医学与社会,2006,19(5):21-23.
[2]王书悦,焦明丽,黎迎,等.医务人员遭受医院暴力及对媒体作用的认知研究[J].中国医院管理,2017,37(10):45-47.
[3]赵敏,姜锴明,杨灵灵,等.暴力伤医事件大数据研究---基于2000-2015年媒体报道[J].医学与哲学,2017,38(1A):89-93.
[4]张大庆.医学人文学导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2013:2.
[5]Dennhardt S,Apramian T,Lingard L,et al.Rethinking research in the medical humanities:a scoping review and narrative synthesis of quantitative outcome studies[J].Medical Education,2016,50(3):285-299.
[6]Gillespie H,Kelly M,Gormley G,et al.How can tomorrow’s doctors be more caring:Aphenomenological investigation[J].Medical Education,2018,52(10):1052-1063.
[7]郑晓瑛,宋新明.中国人口转变,经济发展与慢性病增长[J].中国高级社会科学,2014(4):109-118.
[8]刘衡译.医学与文学的交集[J].健康大视野,2006(1):16-17.
[9]Woods,A.The Limits of Narrative Medicine[C].北京论坛,2010.
[10]丽塔·卡伦.叙事医学:尊重疾病的故事[M].郭莉萍,魏继红,张瑞玲,译.北京:北京大学医学出版社,2015.
[11]郭莉萍.从文学与医学到叙事医学[J].科学文化评论,2013,10(3):5-22.
[12]邹和建,陈晓阳.医学伦理学实践[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2014.
[13]郭莉萍.临床工作中的叙事伦理[J].医学与哲学,2018,39(5A):15-18,46.
[14]张自力.健康传播学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2009:24.
[15]Slade D,Manidis M,McGregor J.Communicating in Hospital Emergency Departments[M].New York:Springer Publishing Company,2015.
[2]王书悦,焦明丽,黎迎,等.医务人员遭受医院暴力及对媒体作用的认知研究[J].中国医院管理,2017,37(10):45-47.
[3]赵敏,姜锴明,杨灵灵,等.暴力伤医事件大数据研究---基于2000-2015年媒体报道[J].医学与哲学,2017,38(1A):89-93.
[4]张大庆.医学人文学导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2013:2.
[5]Dennhardt S,Apramian T,Lingard L,et al.Rethinking research in the medical humanities:a scoping review and narrative synthesis of quantitative outcome studies[J].Medical Education,2016,50(3):285-299.
[6]Gillespie H,Kelly M,Gormley G,et al.How can tomorrow’s doctors be more caring:Aphenomenological investigation[J].Medical Education,2018,52(10):1052-1063.
[7]郑晓瑛,宋新明.中国人口转变,经济发展与慢性病增长[J].中国高级社会科学,2014(4):109-118.
[8]刘衡译.医学与文学的交集[J].健康大视野,2006(1):16-17.
[9]Woods,A.The Limits of Narrative Medicine[C].北京论坛,2010.
[10]丽塔·卡伦.叙事医学:尊重疾病的故事[M].郭莉萍,魏继红,张瑞玲,译.北京:北京大学医学出版社,2015.
[11]郭莉萍.从文学与医学到叙事医学[J].科学文化评论,2013,10(3):5-22.
[12]邹和建,陈晓阳.医学伦理学实践[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2014.
[13]郭莉萍.临床工作中的叙事伦理[J].医学与哲学,2018,39(5A):15-18,46.
[14]张自力.健康传播学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2009:24.
[15]Slade D,Manidis M,McGregor J.Communicating in Hospital Emergency Departments[M].New York:Springer Publishing Company,2015.