基于UTAUT模型的学术虚拟社区知识共享行为研究——感知知识优势的调节作用
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摘要
[目的/意义]从用户感知视角,探究学术虚拟社区知识共享的关键影响因素,有助于推动虚拟环境下的知识分享行为。[方法/过程]基于UTAUT模型,构建了一个包含绩效期望、努力期望、社会影响、便利条件和感知知识优势的综合效应模型,基于352份有效问卷,运用结构方程模型和回归分析进行了实证检验。[结果/结论]绩效期望、努力期望、社会影响正向影响知识共享意愿,并进而影响共享行为;便利条件正向影响知识共享行为;除自我身份与共享意愿之间的调节作用不显著外,感知知识优势调节各变量与知识共享意愿、共享行为之间的关系。提升知识分享的绩效预期和努力期望,增强社区成员的归属感、自我身份认同和自我效能感以及保持成员间适度的知识势差有助于提升虚拟社区知识共享行为。
[Purpose/Significance]This paper investigated the key influencing factors of knowledge sharing in academic virtual communities from subjective perception,which is helpful to guide the knowledge exchange behavior in virtual environment.[Method/Process]Based on the UTAUT model,a comprehensive effect model including performance expectancy,effort expectancy,social influence,facilitating conditions and perceived knowledge advantage was constructed.Structural equation model and regression analysis were used to analyze 352 valid questionnaires.[Results/Conclusions]The results showed that performance expectancy,effort expectancy,social influence positively affected the willingness to share knowledge,and then affected knowledge sharing behavior.Facilitating conditions positively affected knowledge sharing behavior.Perceived knowledge advantage played the role of moderator in the relationship between regulating variables,knowledge sharing willingness and sharing behavior,but the adjustment role between self-identity and knowledge sharing willingness was not significant.Increasing performance expectancy and effort expectancy of knowledge sharing,the sense of belonging,self-identity and self-efficacy of community members,and maintaining an appropriate perceived knowledge advantage were conducive to improving the knowledge sharing behaviors of virtual communities.
[Purpose/Significance]This paper investigated the key influencing factors of knowledge sharing in academic virtual communities from subjective perception,which is helpful to guide the knowledge exchange behavior in virtual environment.[Method/Process]Based on the UTAUT model,a comprehensive effect model including performance expectancy,effort expectancy,social influence,facilitating conditions and perceived knowledge advantage was constructed.Structural equation model and regression analysis were used to analyze 352 valid questionnaires.[Results/Conclusions]The results showed that performance expectancy,effort expectancy,social influence positively affected the willingness to share knowledge,and then affected knowledge sharing behavior.Facilitating conditions positively affected knowledge sharing behavior.Perceived knowledge advantage played the role of moderator in the relationship between regulating variables,knowledge sharing willingness and sharing behavior,but the adjustment role between self-identity and knowledge sharing willingness was not significant.Increasing performance expectancy and effort expectancy of knowledge sharing,the sense of belonging,self-identity and self-efficacy of community members,and maintaining an appropriate perceived knowledge advantage were conducive to improving the knowledge sharing behaviors of virtual communities.
引文
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[13]赵宇翔,朱庆华.Web 2.0环境下影响用户生成内容动因的实证研究——以土豆网为例[J].情报学报,2010,29(3):449-459.
[14]李印平,夏火松,鲁耀斌.基于知识治理视角的国内大学知识共享研究[J].科研管理,2016,37(4):126-135.
[15]周涛,陈可鑫,邓胜利.社群学习用户持续参与行为机理研究[J].现代情报,2019,39(1):43-50.
[16]蔡小筱,张敏.虚拟社区中基于熟人关系的知识共享研究综述[J].图书馆学研究,2015,(2):2-10.
[17]孙康,杜荣.实名制虚拟社区知识共享影响因素的实证研究[J].情报杂志,2010,29(4):83-87,92.
[18]Bandura A.Social Foundations of Thought and Action[M].Prentice-hall:Englewood Cliffs,1986.
[19]屠兴勇,张琪,王泽英,等.知识工作者内生动机、知识共享意愿与创造力[J].科研管理,2017,38(10):111-118.
[20]Gollwitzer P M.Implementation Intentions:Strong Effects of Simple Plans[J].American Psychologist,1999,54(7):493-503.
[21]Venkatesh V,Davis F D.A Theoretical Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model:Four Longitudinal Field Studies[J].Management Science,2000,2(46):186-204.
[22]Lin H F,Lee G G.Perceptions of Senior Managers toward Knowledge-Sharing Behavior[J].Management Decision,2004,42(1):108-125.
[23]赵文军,谢守美.虚拟团队中的知识共享动因探析[J].情报杂志,2011,30(7):124-129,98.
[24]吴士健,孙专专,刘新民.知识治理、组织学习影响组织创造力的多重中介效应研究[J].中国软科学,2017,(6):174-183.
[25]Ardichvili A.Learning and Knowledge Sharing in Virtual Communities of Practice:Motivators,Barriers,and Enablers[J].Advances in Developing Human Resources,2010,10(4):541-554.
[26]吴士健,孙专专,刘新民.社会网络对员工知识隐藏与个体创造力的影响研究[J].软科学,2018,32(12):89-92.
[27]Davis F D.Perceived Usefulness,Perceived Ease of Use,and User Acceptance of Information Technology[J].Mis Quarterly,1989,13(3):319-340.
[28]Dabholkar P A,Bagozzi R P.An Attitudinal Model of Technology-Based Self-Service:Moderating Effects of Consumer Traits and Situational Factors[J].Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,2002,30(3):184.
[29]Avey J B,Avolio B J,Crossley C D,et al.Psychological Ownership:Theoretical Extensions,Measurement and Relation to Work Outcomes[J].Journal of Organizational Behavior,2009,30(2):173-191.
[30]Han T S,Chiang H,Aihwa C.Employee Participation in Decision Making,Psychological Ownership and Knowledge Sharing:Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment in Taiwanese High-Tech Organizations[J].International Journal of Human Resource Management,2010,21(12):2218-2233.
[31]Kankanhalli A,Tan B C Y,Wei K K.Contributing Knowledge to Electronic Knowledge Repositories:An Empirical Investigation[J].Mis Quarterly,2005,29(1):113-143.
[32]Fink K,Roithmayr F.Knowledge Potential Measurement-Theoretical Framework and Case Studies[C]//International Conference on Knowledge Management:Nurturing Culture,2015,274.
[33]Cho H,Chen M H,Chung S.Testing an Integrative Theoretical Model of Knowledge-Sharing Behavior in the Context of Wikipedia[J].Journal of the American Society for Information Science & Technology,2010,61(6):1198-1212.
[34]Chen Y L,Chen N S,Kinshuk.Examining the Factors Influencing Participants' Knowledge Sharing Behavior in Virtual Learning Communities[J].Journal of Educational Technology & Society,2009,12(1):134-148.
[35]Muller D,Judd C M,Yzerbyt V Y.When Moderation is Mediated and Mediation is Moderated[J].Journal of Personality & Social Psychology,2005,89(6):852-63.
[2]Bandura A.Social Foundations of Thought and Action:A Social Cognitive Theory[J].Journal of Applied Psychology,1986,12(1):169.
[3]Venkatesh V,Morris M G,Davis G B,et al.User Acceptance of Information Technology:Toward a Unified View[J].Mis Quarterly,2003,27(3):425-478.
[4]Al-Shafi S,Weerakkody V.Factors Affecting E-Government Adoption in the State of Qatar[J].European and Mediterranean Conference on Information Systems,2009,(4):1-23.
[5]Taiwo A A,Downe A G.The Theory of User Acceptance and Use of Technology(UTAUT):A Meta-analytic Review of Empirical Findings[J].Journal of Theoretical & Applied Information Technology,2013,49(1):48-58.
[6]Khechine H,Lakhal S,Ndjambou P.A Meta-analysis of the UTAUT Model:Eleven Years Later[J].Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences,2016,33(2):138-152.
[7]韩啸.整合技术接受模型的荟萃分析:基于国内10年研究文献[J].情报杂志,2017,36(8):150-155.
[8]刘人境,张谦,闵文文.知识心理所有权与隐性知识共享关系研究[J].科技进步与对策,2013,30(9):134-138.
[9]李颖琦,王宇露.基于修正计划行为理论的大型企业虚拟学习社区知识共享研究——来自212个虚拟学习社区的实证[J].情报杂志,2010,29(5):48-53.
[10]徐小龙,王方华.虚拟社区的知识共享机制研究[J].自然辩证法研究,2007,23(8):83-86.
[11]李宇佳,张向先,张克永.移动学术虚拟社区知识流转的影响因素研究[J].情报杂志,2017,36(1):187-193.
[12]Hung S W,Cheng M J.Are You Ready for Knowledge Sharing?An Empirical Study of Virtual Communities[J].Computers & Education,2013,62(2):8-17.
[13]赵宇翔,朱庆华.Web 2.0环境下影响用户生成内容动因的实证研究——以土豆网为例[J].情报学报,2010,29(3):449-459.
[14]李印平,夏火松,鲁耀斌.基于知识治理视角的国内大学知识共享研究[J].科研管理,2016,37(4):126-135.
[15]周涛,陈可鑫,邓胜利.社群学习用户持续参与行为机理研究[J].现代情报,2019,39(1):43-50.
[16]蔡小筱,张敏.虚拟社区中基于熟人关系的知识共享研究综述[J].图书馆学研究,2015,(2):2-10.
[17]孙康,杜荣.实名制虚拟社区知识共享影响因素的实证研究[J].情报杂志,2010,29(4):83-87,92.
[18]Bandura A.Social Foundations of Thought and Action[M].Prentice-hall:Englewood Cliffs,1986.
[19]屠兴勇,张琪,王泽英,等.知识工作者内生动机、知识共享意愿与创造力[J].科研管理,2017,38(10):111-118.
[20]Gollwitzer P M.Implementation Intentions:Strong Effects of Simple Plans[J].American Psychologist,1999,54(7):493-503.
[21]Venkatesh V,Davis F D.A Theoretical Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model:Four Longitudinal Field Studies[J].Management Science,2000,2(46):186-204.
[22]Lin H F,Lee G G.Perceptions of Senior Managers toward Knowledge-Sharing Behavior[J].Management Decision,2004,42(1):108-125.
[23]赵文军,谢守美.虚拟团队中的知识共享动因探析[J].情报杂志,2011,30(7):124-129,98.
[24]吴士健,孙专专,刘新民.知识治理、组织学习影响组织创造力的多重中介效应研究[J].中国软科学,2017,(6):174-183.
[25]Ardichvili A.Learning and Knowledge Sharing in Virtual Communities of Practice:Motivators,Barriers,and Enablers[J].Advances in Developing Human Resources,2010,10(4):541-554.
[26]吴士健,孙专专,刘新民.社会网络对员工知识隐藏与个体创造力的影响研究[J].软科学,2018,32(12):89-92.
[27]Davis F D.Perceived Usefulness,Perceived Ease of Use,and User Acceptance of Information Technology[J].Mis Quarterly,1989,13(3):319-340.
[28]Dabholkar P A,Bagozzi R P.An Attitudinal Model of Technology-Based Self-Service:Moderating Effects of Consumer Traits and Situational Factors[J].Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,2002,30(3):184.
[29]Avey J B,Avolio B J,Crossley C D,et al.Psychological Ownership:Theoretical Extensions,Measurement and Relation to Work Outcomes[J].Journal of Organizational Behavior,2009,30(2):173-191.
[30]Han T S,Chiang H,Aihwa C.Employee Participation in Decision Making,Psychological Ownership and Knowledge Sharing:Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment in Taiwanese High-Tech Organizations[J].International Journal of Human Resource Management,2010,21(12):2218-2233.
[31]Kankanhalli A,Tan B C Y,Wei K K.Contributing Knowledge to Electronic Knowledge Repositories:An Empirical Investigation[J].Mis Quarterly,2005,29(1):113-143.
[32]Fink K,Roithmayr F.Knowledge Potential Measurement-Theoretical Framework and Case Studies[C]//International Conference on Knowledge Management:Nurturing Culture,2015,274.
[33]Cho H,Chen M H,Chung S.Testing an Integrative Theoretical Model of Knowledge-Sharing Behavior in the Context of Wikipedia[J].Journal of the American Society for Information Science & Technology,2010,61(6):1198-1212.
[34]Chen Y L,Chen N S,Kinshuk.Examining the Factors Influencing Participants' Knowledge Sharing Behavior in Virtual Learning Communities[J].Journal of Educational Technology & Society,2009,12(1):134-148.
[35]Muller D,Judd C M,Yzerbyt V Y.When Moderation is Mediated and Mediation is Moderated[J].Journal of Personality & Social Psychology,2005,89(6):852-63.