基于三维激光扫描技术的混凝土磨蚀监测方法研究
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摘要
水工建筑物的混凝土磨蚀监测是水利工程中的重点和难点。随着技术的进步,现有的混凝土磨蚀监测手段得到长足的发展,但依然存在监测范围小、难以全面反映磨蚀破坏程度等问题。三维激光扫描技术由于具有精度高、抗干扰能力强等特点,被越来越多地应用到高精度工程测量和三维建模中,但将其应用于混凝土磨蚀监测比较有限。因此,首先通过室内测量试验验证了三维激光扫描技术的测量精度可以满足磨蚀监测要求;随后,利用三维激光扫描技术开展了模型监测试验,结果表明磨蚀坑槽纵截面近似呈梯形分布,相同磨蚀时间内距离射流口越近的位置磨蚀深度越大;随着磨蚀时间的增加,不同纵截面的破坏程度差异逐渐减小。此外,扫描点云的后处理还可将全部磨蚀破坏信息进行可视化显示,从而直观全面地反映磨蚀破坏分布特征。
Concrete erosion monitoring of hydraulic structures is an important issue in hydraulic engineering. Although the development of monitoring method is rapid, there still exist many shortcomings in some aspect, such as the small monitoring scope and difficulty in obtaining the comprehensive information of erosion. 3 D laser scanning technology has been widely applied in the field of accurate engineering measurement and 3 D modelling, owing to its high accuracy and strong anti-interference ability, but this technology has been rarely applied in the concrete erosion monitoring. Thus the capability of 3 D laser scanning in concrete monitoring is verified by the indoor measurement test. In addition, the model erosion monitoring results show that the shape of longitudinal section of erosion pit approximates a trapezoid. Futhermore, the depth of erosion decreases with the increase of distance to the jet exit with the same erosion time. The difference of erosion development on these longitudinal sections become not obvious as the erosion time increase. Meanwhile, the whole erosion information can be visualized in 3 D by the point cloud post-processing, and the erosion distribution can be fully presented.
Concrete erosion monitoring of hydraulic structures is an important issue in hydraulic engineering. Although the development of monitoring method is rapid, there still exist many shortcomings in some aspect, such as the small monitoring scope and difficulty in obtaining the comprehensive information of erosion. 3 D laser scanning technology has been widely applied in the field of accurate engineering measurement and 3 D modelling, owing to its high accuracy and strong anti-interference ability, but this technology has been rarely applied in the concrete erosion monitoring. Thus the capability of 3 D laser scanning in concrete monitoring is verified by the indoor measurement test. In addition, the model erosion monitoring results show that the shape of longitudinal section of erosion pit approximates a trapezoid. Futhermore, the depth of erosion decreases with the increase of distance to the jet exit with the same erosion time. The difference of erosion development on these longitudinal sections become not obvious as the erosion time increase. Meanwhile, the whole erosion information can be visualized in 3 D by the point cloud post-processing, and the erosion distribution can be fully presented.
引文
[1] 潘永庆.基于啁啾布拉格光纤光栅(CFBG)的混凝土磨蚀监测方法研究[D].天津:天津大学,2016.
[2] 彭文祥.官地水垫塘底板泄洪振动响应特性研究[D].天津:天津大学,2012.
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[7] 徐颖,王帅,潘永庆,等.基于啁啾布拉格光纤光栅(CFBG)的混凝土磨蚀监测方法[J].水利水电技术,2017,48(1):67- 71,76.
[8] BEMARDINI F, MARTIN I, RUSHMEIER H. High-quality texture reconstruction from multiple scans[J]. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 2001,7(4):318- 332.
[9] HANSUNG K, HILTON A. 3D Scene Reconstruction from Multiple Spherical Stereo Pairs[J]. International Journal of Computer Vision, 2013,104(1):94- 116.
[10] 陈致富,陈德立,杨建学.三维激光扫描技术在基坑变形监测中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(S1):557- 559.
[11] 冯夏庭,吴世勇,李邵军,等.中国锦屏地下实验室二期工程安全原位综合监测与分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(4):649- 657.
[12] 胡琦佳.三维激光扫描技术在隧道工程监测中的应用研究[D]. 成都:西南交通大学,2013.
[13] 张姣,郑粉莉,温磊磊,等.利用三维激光扫描技术动态监测沟蚀发育过程的方法研究[J].水土保持通报,2011,31(6):89- 94.
[14] 张远翼,张鹰,陈晓娟.三维激光扫描仪在古建筑测绘中的应用研究[J].实验技术与管理,2014,31(1):79- 82.
[2] 彭文祥.官地水垫塘底板泄洪振动响应特性研究[D].天津:天津大学,2012.
[3] 戴晓兵, 李延农.混凝土表面磨蚀破坏划分标准初议[C]//周孝德,李桂芬,王连祥,等.水力学与水利信息学进展2009:第四届全国水力学与水利信息学学术大会.西安:西安交通大学出版社,2009:494- 496.
[4] 赵志仁,徐锐.国内外大坝安全监测技术发展现状与展望[J].水电自动化与大坝监测,2010,34(5):52- 57.
[5] 张保才.吉音水利枢纽智能一体化管控系统的研究[J].水利信息化,2016(4):64- 72.
[6] 戴晓兵.电阻式混凝土磨蚀传感器及其测量方法[J].水利水电科技进展,2013,33(2):78- 82.
[7] 徐颖,王帅,潘永庆,等.基于啁啾布拉格光纤光栅(CFBG)的混凝土磨蚀监测方法[J].水利水电技术,2017,48(1):67- 71,76.
[8] BEMARDINI F, MARTIN I, RUSHMEIER H. High-quality texture reconstruction from multiple scans[J]. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 2001,7(4):318- 332.
[9] HANSUNG K, HILTON A. 3D Scene Reconstruction from Multiple Spherical Stereo Pairs[J]. International Journal of Computer Vision, 2013,104(1):94- 116.
[10] 陈致富,陈德立,杨建学.三维激光扫描技术在基坑变形监测中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(S1):557- 559.
[11] 冯夏庭,吴世勇,李邵军,等.中国锦屏地下实验室二期工程安全原位综合监测与分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(4):649- 657.
[12] 胡琦佳.三维激光扫描技术在隧道工程监测中的应用研究[D]. 成都:西南交通大学,2013.
[13] 张姣,郑粉莉,温磊磊,等.利用三维激光扫描技术动态监测沟蚀发育过程的方法研究[J].水土保持通报,2011,31(6):89- 94.
[14] 张远翼,张鹰,陈晓娟.三维激光扫描仪在古建筑测绘中的应用研究[J].实验技术与管理,2014,31(1):79- 82.