云南某县台地茶园和古树茶园土壤重金属元素调查与评价
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摘要
对云南某县古树茶园、台地茶园27个土壤样品的重金属元素As、Pb、Cd、Hg、Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni的含量进行测定,并研究了其分布特征和变化规律,用单因子指数、内梅罗指数、潜在生态风险评价了其土壤环境质量。结果表明,该县台地茶园土壤中砷、铜、铅含量比古树茶园高,台地茶砷污染程度轻度、中度、重度污染均有分布,而古树茶园仅为轻度和中度污染;两种茶园土壤其余重金属含量较低,均可达到农用地土壤污染风险管控标准。茶叶和茶果中重金属含量均低于食品中污染物限量的标准值。台地茶园土壤潜在生态风险比古树茶园高。
This research focused on the measurement and analysis of As,Pb,Cd,Hg,Cu,Zn,Cr and Ni in 27 soil samples collected from Old Plant Tea Garden and Tableland Tea Garden in a county of Yunnan province.The distribution characteristics and changes of the heavy metals were evaluated by single factor index,Nemero index and potential ecological risk.It was found that the content of arsenic,copper and lead in the soil of Tableland Tea Garden was higher than the content in Old Plant Tea Garden.Furthermore,the soil arsenic pollution was found at light and medium and serious degree in Tableland Tea Garden soil,whereas the soil of Old Plant Tea Garden was only light and moderately polluted.The content of other heavy metal in both tea gardens was low,which could meet the soil environmental quality risk control standard for soil contamination of agricultural land.The content of heavy metals absorbed in tea leaves and tea fruits were lower than the limit standard of pollutant in food.The potential soil ecological risk of Tableland Tea Garden was higher than the Old Plant Tea Garden.
This research focused on the measurement and analysis of As,Pb,Cd,Hg,Cu,Zn,Cr and Ni in 27 soil samples collected from Old Plant Tea Garden and Tableland Tea Garden in a county of Yunnan province.The distribution characteristics and changes of the heavy metals were evaluated by single factor index,Nemero index and potential ecological risk.It was found that the content of arsenic,copper and lead in the soil of Tableland Tea Garden was higher than the content in Old Plant Tea Garden.Furthermore,the soil arsenic pollution was found at light and medium and serious degree in Tableland Tea Garden soil,whereas the soil of Old Plant Tea Garden was only light and moderately polluted.The content of other heavy metal in both tea gardens was low,which could meet the soil environmental quality risk control standard for soil contamination of agricultural land.The content of heavy metals absorbed in tea leaves and tea fruits were lower than the limit standard of pollutant in food.The potential soil ecological risk of Tableland Tea Garden was higher than the Old Plant Tea Garden.
引文
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[13]郭海彦,周卫军,张杨珠,等.长沙“百里茶廊”茶园土壤重金属含量及环境质量特征[J].环境科学,2008,29(8):2320-2326.
[14]梁名志,李友勇,马伟,等.云南古茶园土壤化学成分研究[J].西南农业学报,2010,23(1):119-122.
[2]甘宗祁,王林云,卢国伟,等.茶叶铅污染及控制措施研究[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2001,13(2):37-38.
[3]宗良纲,周俊,罗敏,等.江苏茶园土壤环境质量现状分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2006,14(4):61-64.
[4]陈保,姜东华,李光涛,等.云南部分古茶园土壤重金属元素的监测与评价[J].热带作物学报,2012,33(12):2262-2266.
[5]吴洵.重视茶园砷污染[J].中国茶叶,2003,25(6):11-12.
[6]黄莹,景金泉,肖旭,等.南京市茶园土壤重金属分布特征及污染评价[J].广东农业科学,2017,44(10):46-51.
[7]生态环境保护部.土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)[S].
[8]Hakanson L.An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control.a sedimentological approach[J].Water Research,1980,14(8):975-1001.
[9]丁海霞,南忠仁,刘晓文,等.金昌市郊农田土壤重金属的污染特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(6):2183-2188.
[10]曹会聪,王金达,张学林.吉林黑土中Cd、Pb、As的空间分布及潜在生态风险[J].中国环境科学,2007,27(1):89-92.
[11]中华人民共和国农业部.茶叶中铬、镉、汞、砷及氟化物限量NY 659-2003[S].中国标准出版社,2003.
[12]籍瑞芬,李廷轩,张锡洲.茶园土壤污染及其防治[J].土壤通报,2005,36(6):965-968.
[13]郭海彦,周卫军,张杨珠,等.长沙“百里茶廊”茶园土壤重金属含量及环境质量特征[J].环境科学,2008,29(8):2320-2326.
[14]梁名志,李友勇,马伟,等.云南古茶园土壤化学成分研究[J].西南农业学报,2010,23(1):119-122.