台湾泥鳅雌雄形态差异分析
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摘要
台湾泥鳅(Paramisgumus dabryanus ssp.)是中国台湾地区改良的泥鳅养殖新品种,其分类地位暂不明确。从外观上看,台湾泥鳅的雌雄个体形态上存在差异。为了科学识别台湾泥鳅雌雄个体形态特征的差异,通过对采集到的160尾台湾泥鳅的全长、体长、头长、吻长、体高、体厚等25项形态学性状的测定,形成体厚/体长、体高/体长、颌须/头长等24项形态特征的比例性状,采用t检验、主成分分析与判别分析方法对台湾泥鳅雌雄群体的形态特征进行比较。结果显示:(1)t检验表明,24项形态特征的比例性状中,4项差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01),4项差异达到显著水平(P<0.05),其他性状差异不显著;(2)主成分分析表明,5个主成分的累计贡献率达到84.23%,台湾泥鳅雌雄的差异主要集中在头部、躯干部、颌须、体型肥瘦程度以及整体框架轮廓等方面;(3)经逐步判别分析,建立台湾泥鳅雌雄个体的判别函数。雌性(♀):func1=731.96x1+27.02x2+723.92x3-191.44;雄性(♂):func2=671.79x1+37.09x2+695.54x3-178.50,综合判别准确率为71.5%。研究表明,台湾泥鳅雌雄形态指标间差异显著,利用形态指标建立判别函数实现对台湾泥鳅雌雄个体的快速判别具有一定的可行性。
Paramisgumus dabryanus ssp. is a new breeding variety recently introduced from Taiwan. Because of breeding trait improvements,artificial breeding of P. dabryanus ssp. is developing rapidly. To scientifically identify the gender of P. dabryanus ssp.,morphological variations between male and female were analyzed based on the comparison of 24 standardized morphological characteristics. The results will support artificial breeding of the species. A total of 160 P. dabryanus ssp. individuals( body length: 11. 68-19. 10 mm; body mass: 18. 06-77. 98g) were purchased for the investigation,with 80 specimens of each gender. Twenty-five morphological parameters were measured for each loach with an electronic balance and digital vernier calipers,including body weight,total length,body length,head length,snout length,body depth,body width,body thickness. Using this data,24 standardized morphological indices such as body thickness/body length,body depth/body length,jaw beard length/head length were used to identify gender. Comparisons of morphological characteristics related to sexual dimorphism in P. dabryanus ssp. were carried out with the t-test,principal component analysis and discriminant analysis methods using Excel 2007 and SPSS 16. 0 software. Results show:( 1) The t-test indicated that,of the 24 standardized morphological characteristics,four traits displayed highly significant differences( P < 0. 01) between genders and another four traits were significantly different( P < 0. 05);( 2) Principal component analysis demonstrated that the cumulative variance of the five principal components was 84. 23% and the differences between male and female P. dabryanus ssp. are primarily indicated in the head,trunk,jaw beard,level of obesity and overall framework structure;( 3) The three components with the highest contributions to discriminant analysis served as independent variables and fish discriminant functions distinguished between male and female P. dabryanus ssp. with an accuracy rate of 71%. For females( ♀) : func1= 731. 96x1+ 27. 02x2+ 723. 92x3-191. 44 and for males( ♂) : func2= 671. 79x1+ 37. 09x2+ 695. 54x3-178. 50. In conclusion,the differences in the morphological characteristics were significant between male and female P. dabryanus ssp.,and it is possible to identify them quickly using the discriminant function.
Paramisgumus dabryanus ssp. is a new breeding variety recently introduced from Taiwan. Because of breeding trait improvements,artificial breeding of P. dabryanus ssp. is developing rapidly. To scientifically identify the gender of P. dabryanus ssp.,morphological variations between male and female were analyzed based on the comparison of 24 standardized morphological characteristics. The results will support artificial breeding of the species. A total of 160 P. dabryanus ssp. individuals( body length: 11. 68-19. 10 mm; body mass: 18. 06-77. 98g) were purchased for the investigation,with 80 specimens of each gender. Twenty-five morphological parameters were measured for each loach with an electronic balance and digital vernier calipers,including body weight,total length,body length,head length,snout length,body depth,body width,body thickness. Using this data,24 standardized morphological indices such as body thickness/body length,body depth/body length,jaw beard length/head length were used to identify gender. Comparisons of morphological characteristics related to sexual dimorphism in P. dabryanus ssp. were carried out with the t-test,principal component analysis and discriminant analysis methods using Excel 2007 and SPSS 16. 0 software. Results show:( 1) The t-test indicated that,of the 24 standardized morphological characteristics,four traits displayed highly significant differences( P < 0. 01) between genders and another four traits were significantly different( P < 0. 05);( 2) Principal component analysis demonstrated that the cumulative variance of the five principal components was 84. 23% and the differences between male and female P. dabryanus ssp. are primarily indicated in the head,trunk,jaw beard,level of obesity and overall framework structure;( 3) The three components with the highest contributions to discriminant analysis served as independent variables and fish discriminant functions distinguished between male and female P. dabryanus ssp. with an accuracy rate of 71%. For females( ♀) : func1= 731. 96x1+ 27. 02x2+ 723. 92x3-191. 44 and for males( ♂) : func2= 671. 79x1+ 37. 09x2+ 695. 54x3-178. 50. In conclusion,the differences in the morphological characteristics were significant between male and female P. dabryanus ssp.,and it is possible to identify them quickly using the discriminant function.
引文
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倪海儿,龚启祥,董瞻远,等,1989.短吻舌鳎个体生殖力和雌雄个体性状差异的研究[J].浙江水产学院学报,8(1):9-15.
邱楚雯,王韩信,陈迪虎,等,2014.台湾泥鳅人工繁殖及早期发育的研究[J].水产科技情报,41(6):284-289.
王元军,2008.基于判别分析的泥鳅和大鳞副泥鳅识别[J].安徽农业科学,36(2):564,568.
王元军,李殿香,2005.大鳞副泥鳅雌雄个体的形态分析[J].四川动物,24(2):159-160.
杨景峰,徐桂珠,2003.罗非鱼全雄控制技术研究进展[J].内蒙古民族大学学报(自然科学版),18(4):318-322.
戴璐怡,2015.大鳞副泥鳅和台湾泥鳅的形态学研究和线粒体基因组全序列分析[D].舟山:浙江海洋学院.
傅建军,徐如卫,薛婷,等,2015.3种泥鳅微卫星标记和D-Loop部分序列遗传变异分析[J].水产学报,39(4):465-474.
林植华,雷焕宗,2004.黄颡鱼的两性异形和雌性繁殖特征[J].动物学杂志,39(6):13-17.
卢国兴,储张杰,胡廷尖,等,2012.舟山群岛大鳞副泥鳅与真泥鳅形态特征比较研究[J].淡水渔业,42(4):88-90.
倪海儿,龚启祥,董瞻远,等,1989.短吻舌鳎个体生殖力和雌雄个体性状差异的研究[J].浙江水产学院学报,8(1):9-15.
邱楚雯,王韩信,陈迪虎,等,2014.台湾泥鳅人工繁殖及早期发育的研究[J].水产科技情报,41(6):284-289.
王元军,2008.基于判别分析的泥鳅和大鳞副泥鳅识别[J].安徽农业科学,36(2):564,568.
王元军,李殿香,2005.大鳞副泥鳅雌雄个体的形态分析[J].四川动物,24(2):159-160.
杨景峰,徐桂珠,2003.罗非鱼全雄控制技术研究进展[J].内蒙古民族大学学报(自然科学版),18(4):318-322.