爆炸荷载下露天矿高陡边坡动力响应分析
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摘要
为研究矿山高陡边坡在爆炸荷载作用下的动力响应规律,采用LS-DYNA软件,对威斯特铜矿的采场边坡进行完全动力有限元计算。对比分析了数值模拟和现场实测环境下爆炸应力波的传播规律,两者结果相接近。同时,通过对各台阶爆破振动速度的统计分析可知,随着台阶高程的增加,在台阶坡顶、台阶边缘至台阶内侧坡脚的1/3至1/2距离处容易产生高程放大效应。另外,利用极限平衡法原理,结合数值模拟计算结果,计算了在炸药起爆后400ms内边坡的时程安全系数,直观描述了爆破动力荷载对边坡稳定性的影响。
In order to study the dynamic response of a high and steep slope under blast loading,the 3Dmodel of West Copper Mine has been completely dynamic simulated by LS-DYNA program.Then,compared with the numerical simulation and field test results of blasting stress wave propagation rules,both results are close to each other.Meanwhile,with the increasing of elevation,the vibration speed amplification effect is produced on top of the step or 1/3to 1/2times distance from the edge to the toe.Besides,the time-history safety factors have been calculated in 400 ms after the explosive detonation based on the principle of the limit equilibrium method and the results of dynamic simulation.The time-history safety factors intuitively describe the effects of slope stability under blast loading.
In order to study the dynamic response of a high and steep slope under blast loading,the 3Dmodel of West Copper Mine has been completely dynamic simulated by LS-DYNA program.Then,compared with the numerical simulation and field test results of blasting stress wave propagation rules,both results are close to each other.Meanwhile,with the increasing of elevation,the vibration speed amplification effect is produced on top of the step or 1/3to 1/2times distance from the edge to the toe.Besides,the time-history safety factors have been calculated in 400 ms after the explosive detonation based on the principle of the limit equilibrium method and the results of dynamic simulation.The time-history safety factors intuitively describe the effects of slope stability under blast loading.
引文
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[2]杨宇江,李艳,刘建坡,等.爆破作用下露天矿边坡动态稳定性[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2011,32(10):1472-1475.
[3]许名标,彭德红.边坡爆破振动测试及响应规律ANSYS时程分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(增刊):2629-2635.
[4]卢树盛,辛全才,肖诗荣,等.爆破振动对边坡稳定影响研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2010(5):91-93.
[5]马建军,蔡路军,叶洲元,等.高陡边坡爆破减震问题的探讨[J].有色金属(矿山部分),2002,54(2):23-25.
[6]陈明,卢文波,舒大强,等.爆破振动作用下边坡极限平衡分析的等效加速度计算方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(4):784-790.
[7]钟冬望,吴亮,陈浩.爆炸荷载下岩质边坡动力特性试验及数值分析研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(增刊):2964-2971.
[8]夏祥,李俊如,李海波,等.爆破荷载作用下岩体振动特征的数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2005,26(1):50-56.
[9]刘美山,吴从清,张正宇.小湾水电站高边坡爆破震动安全判据试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,2007,24(1):40-43.
[10]宋光明,史秀志,陈寿如.露天矿边坡爆破振动破坏判据新方法及其应用[J].中南工业大学学报,2000,31(6):485-488.
[11]郑颖人,赵尚毅.岩土工程极限分析有限元法及其应用[J].土木工程学报,2005(1):91-98.
[12]戴俊.岩石动力学特性与爆破理论[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2013:94-99.
[13]中华人民共和国国家标准编写组.爆破安全规程GB6722-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.
[14]付波,胡英国,卢文波,等.岩石高边坡爆破振动局部放大效应分析[J].爆破,2014(2):1-7.
[15]唐海,李海波.反映高程放大效应的爆破振动公式研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(3):820-824.