国审超高产新品种新麦29灌浆特性分析
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摘要
[目的]分析国审超高产新品种新麦29灌浆特性。[方法]以新麦29为试验材料,研究了其籽粒形成和灌浆规律,叶片组成、干物质积累的动态变化。[结果]在超高产条件下,新麦29籽粒灌浆期长,粒重增加快,每日每千粒增重平均达2.3 g;新麦29叶片上挺,透光性好,上三叶功能期长,特别是旗叶功能期更长。在超高产栽培条件下,叶面积系数达7.75,上三叶叶面积系数为5.06,旗叶叶面积系数1.72;小麦籽粒灌浆所需要的干物质主要来自开花后的光合水平产物。[结论]新麦29在7 200~9 115 kg/hm2产量水平下表现最稳定;其产量构成最佳模式为:有效穗数611.5万/hm2以上,穗粒数32.3粒左右,千粒重50.5 g左右。
[Objective]To analyze the grouting laws of new variety Xinmai 29 with super-high yield. [Method] With Xinmai 29 as the test materials,we researched the dynamic changes of seed formation,grouting laws,the dynamic changes of leaf composition,and dry matter accumulation. [Result] Under the super-high yield condition,Xinmai 29 had a long period of grain filling,and the weight of grain in filling stage increased fast with an average of 2. 3 g of 1 000-grains per day; the leaves of Xinmai 29 stuck out and had good light transmittance,and the top-three leaves had long functional period. Under the super-high yield condition,the index of the leaf area came to 7. 75,the index of the top-three leaf was 5. 06 and the index of the flag leaf was 1. 72; the dry matter weight of Xinmai 29 was mainly from the photo-synthate after flowering. [Conclusion] Xinmai 29 was most stable under the yield level of 7 200-19 115 kg/hm2. The optimal mode of yield structure was effective spikes more than 6115 000 spikes/hm2,32. 3 grains per spike and 1 000-grain weight around 50. 5 g.
[Objective]To analyze the grouting laws of new variety Xinmai 29 with super-high yield. [Method] With Xinmai 29 as the test materials,we researched the dynamic changes of seed formation,grouting laws,the dynamic changes of leaf composition,and dry matter accumulation. [Result] Under the super-high yield condition,Xinmai 29 had a long period of grain filling,and the weight of grain in filling stage increased fast with an average of 2. 3 g of 1 000-grains per day; the leaves of Xinmai 29 stuck out and had good light transmittance,and the top-three leaves had long functional period. Under the super-high yield condition,the index of the leaf area came to 7. 75,the index of the top-three leaf was 5. 06 and the index of the flag leaf was 1. 72; the dry matter weight of Xinmai 29 was mainly from the photo-synthate after flowering. [Conclusion] Xinmai 29 was most stable under the yield level of 7 200-19 115 kg/hm2. The optimal mode of yield structure was effective spikes more than 6115 000 spikes/hm2,32. 3 grains per spike and 1 000-grain weight around 50. 5 g.
引文
[1]王绍中,田云峰,郭天财,等.河南小麦栽培学(新编)[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2010.
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[2]张荣琦,陈春环,吉万全.高产抗病优质小麦新品种西农509的选育及稳定性分析[J].种子,2014,33(10):100-101.
[3]冯家春,邓贺明.黄淮南片“十一五”国审小麦品种品质性状分析[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(31):19070-19072.
[4]田伟,郭振升,刘艳侠,等.超高产条件下郑麦7698产量形成特征特性的研究[J].安徽农学通报,2011,17(21):51-53.
[5]赵虹,胡卫国.2013-2014年度国家黄淮冬小麦品种试验总结[M].北京:中国广播电视出版社,2014:32-63.
[6]赵虹,胡卫国.2014-2015年度国家黄淮冬小麦品种试验总结[M].北京:中国广播电视出版社,2015:20-60.
[7]赵虹,胡卫国.2015-2016年度国家冬麦区黄淮南片小麦品种试验总结[M].北京:中国广播电视出版社,2016:155-183.
[8]季书勤,赵淑章,王绍中,等.小麦亩产600kg综合栽培技术[J].河南农业科学,1998(8):14:15.