对风力发电机塔架施工阶段TMD阻尼器的研究
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摘要
风力发电机通常在现场安装,但由于风致涡激振动会导致塔顶产生较大的位移响应,给发电机叶片安装带来极大的困难。为了减小这种位移响应,该文研究了一种频率可调的双向滑轨式调谐质量阻尼器(TMD)。该文将介绍TMD主要参数的选取、数值模拟和实验验证。首先根据结构动力响应选取主要参数,确定TMD质量、刚度和阻尼比;然后进行有限元分析,考虑高阶模态的贡献;最后,通过制作塔架和TMD缩尺模型以验证TMD的有效性。
Wind turbines are usually installed on-site where wind-introduced vibration may result in significant difficulty in the installation of the generator blades because of the large displacement at the top of the tower. To reduce such a big displacement response, a two-way rail type tuned mass damper(TMD) is developed in this study which is featured with a frequency-adjustable mechanism. This paper reports the selection of primary parameters of the TMD, the numerical simulation and an experiment test. The primary parameters are first selected based on the structural dynamics, from which the mass, stiffness and damping ratio can be determined.Finite element analyses are conducted to further consider the contribution from higher vibration modes. A scaled model of the tower and the TMD are fabricated and tested to demonstrate the effectiveness of the TMD.
Wind turbines are usually installed on-site where wind-introduced vibration may result in significant difficulty in the installation of the generator blades because of the large displacement at the top of the tower. To reduce such a big displacement response, a two-way rail type tuned mass damper(TMD) is developed in this study which is featured with a frequency-adjustable mechanism. This paper reports the selection of primary parameters of the TMD, the numerical simulation and an experiment test. The primary parameters are first selected based on the structural dynamics, from which the mass, stiffness and damping ratio can be determined.Finite element analyses are conducted to further consider the contribution from higher vibration modes. A scaled model of the tower and the TMD are fabricated and tested to demonstrate the effectiveness of the TMD.
引文
[1]武岳,孙瑛,郑朝荣,等.风工程与结构抗风设计[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2014:62-75.Wu Yue,Sun Ying,Zheng Chaorong,et al.Wind engineering and structural wind resistance design[M].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology Press,2014:62-75.(in Chinese)
[2]周友权.基于TMD的斜拉桥钢塔涡振控制研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2006.Zhou Youquan.Study on suppressing the vortex-induced vibratioan of the steel cable-stay bridge tower with TMD[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2006.(in Chinese)
[3]王均刚,马汝建,赵东,等.TMD振动控制结构的发展及应用[J].济南大学学报(自然科学版),2006,20(2):172-175.Wang Jungang,Ma Rujian,Zhao Dong,et al.Development and application of TMD structural vibration control[J].Journal of Jinan University(Science and Technology),2006,20(2):172-175.(in Chinese)
[4]Xu G,Wang J,Ren W,et al.Reduction of vibration during construction of bridge towers by TMD[J].Engineering Mechanics,2003,20(6):106-110.
[5]Den Hartog J P.Mechanical Vibrations[M].New York:Dover,1984:34-65.
[6]Ghosh A,Basu B.A closed‐form optimal tuning criterion for TMD in damped structures[J].Structural Control&Health Monitoring,2010,14(4):681-692.
[7]Zeng G,Basu B.A study on friction-tuned mass damper:Harmonic solution and statistical linearization[J].Journal of Vibration&Control,2011,17(5):721-731.
[8]Chen X,Li A,Zhang Z,et al.Dynamic experiment and analysis of self-standing high-rise structures with pendulum TMD[J].Journal of Engineering Vibration,2016,29(2):193-200.
[9]欧进萍,吴波.被动耗能减振系统的研究与应用进展[J].地震工程与工程振动,1996(3):72-96.Ou Jinping,Wu Bo.Recent advances in research on and applications of passive energy dissipation system[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1996(3):72-96.(in Chinese)
[10]陈鑫,李爱群,张志强,等.自立式高耸结构悬吊式TMD减振动力试验与分析[J].振动工程学报,2016,29(2):193-200.Chen Xin,Li Aiqun,Zhang Zhiqiang,et al.Dynamic experiment and analysis of self-standing high-rise structures with pendulum TMD[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2016,29(2)193-200.(in Chinese)
[2]周友权.基于TMD的斜拉桥钢塔涡振控制研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2006.Zhou Youquan.Study on suppressing the vortex-induced vibratioan of the steel cable-stay bridge tower with TMD[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2006.(in Chinese)
[3]王均刚,马汝建,赵东,等.TMD振动控制结构的发展及应用[J].济南大学学报(自然科学版),2006,20(2):172-175.Wang Jungang,Ma Rujian,Zhao Dong,et al.Development and application of TMD structural vibration control[J].Journal of Jinan University(Science and Technology),2006,20(2):172-175.(in Chinese)
[4]Xu G,Wang J,Ren W,et al.Reduction of vibration during construction of bridge towers by TMD[J].Engineering Mechanics,2003,20(6):106-110.
[5]Den Hartog J P.Mechanical Vibrations[M].New York:Dover,1984:34-65.
[6]Ghosh A,Basu B.A closed‐form optimal tuning criterion for TMD in damped structures[J].Structural Control&Health Monitoring,2010,14(4):681-692.
[7]Zeng G,Basu B.A study on friction-tuned mass damper:Harmonic solution and statistical linearization[J].Journal of Vibration&Control,2011,17(5):721-731.
[8]Chen X,Li A,Zhang Z,et al.Dynamic experiment and analysis of self-standing high-rise structures with pendulum TMD[J].Journal of Engineering Vibration,2016,29(2):193-200.
[9]欧进萍,吴波.被动耗能减振系统的研究与应用进展[J].地震工程与工程振动,1996(3):72-96.Ou Jinping,Wu Bo.Recent advances in research on and applications of passive energy dissipation system[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1996(3):72-96.(in Chinese)
[10]陈鑫,李爱群,张志强,等.自立式高耸结构悬吊式TMD减振动力试验与分析[J].振动工程学报,2016,29(2):193-200.Chen Xin,Li Aiqun,Zhang Zhiqiang,et al.Dynamic experiment and analysis of self-standing high-rise structures with pendulum TMD[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2016,29(2)193-200.(in Chinese)