一种立式分离式霍普金森压杆实验装置研制
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摘要
低波阻抗材料通常可以用于吸能、缓冲等领域。用分离式霍普金森压杆实验装置测量这类材料的动态本构关系时,并不需要子弹拥有太高的冲击速度,但要求速度稳定,每次实验过程中的速度偏差要小。为此,依据自由落体原理,研制立式分离式霍普金森压杆,通过下落高度精确控制子弹撞击速度。通过夹持入射杆的摩擦力与入射杆重力相等的方法消除入射杆自重对实验结果的影响。通过对PVA(聚乙烯醇)纤维增韧混凝土的动态压缩实验验证该实验装置的可靠性。
Measuring the dynamic constitutive relation of low-impedance materials which are usually used in the field such as energy absorption and cushion by using a split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)device generally does not require a high impact velocity of bullet but a stable one with little error in the experiments.In this study,based on the principle of free fall,we developed a vertical split Hopkinson pressure bar.We can precisely control the bullet impacting speed through the height of the free fall.In order to eliminate the gravity effects on the experiment,we held the incident bar by the friction force,and let the friction force equals the incident bar gravity.We carried out dynamic compression experiments of polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)fiber concrete to verify the reliability of the experimental device.
Measuring the dynamic constitutive relation of low-impedance materials which are usually used in the field such as energy absorption and cushion by using a split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)device generally does not require a high impact velocity of bullet but a stable one with little error in the experiments.In this study,based on the principle of free fall,we developed a vertical split Hopkinson pressure bar.We can precisely control the bullet impacting speed through the height of the free fall.In order to eliminate the gravity effects on the experiment,we held the incident bar by the friction force,and let the friction force equals the incident bar gravity.We carried out dynamic compression experiments of polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)fiber concrete to verify the reliability of the experimental device.
引文
[1]HOPKINSON J.On the rupture of iron wire by a blow[C]//Proceedings of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester.Manchester,1872:40-45.
[2]HOPKINSON B.A method of measuring the pressure produced in the detonation of high explosives or by the impact of bullets[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London:Series A:Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Sciences,1914,213:437-456.
[3]KOLSKY H.An investigation of the mechanical properties of materials at very high rates of loading[J].Proceedings of the Physical Society:Section B,1949,62(11):676-700.
[4]尚兵,盛精,王宝珍,等.不锈钢材料的动态力学性能及本构模型[J].爆炸与冲击,2008,28(6):527-531.SHANG B,SHENG J,WANG B Z,et al.Dynamic mechanical behavior and constitutive model of stainless steel[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2008,28(6):527-531.
[5]王宝珍,周相荣,胡时胜.高应变率下橡胶的时温等效关系及力学形态[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2008,24(8):5-8.WANG B Z,ZHOU X R,HU S S.Dynamic mechanical behavior and rate-temperature equivalence of rubber[J].Polymer Materials Science and Engineering,2008,24(8):5-8.
[6]王宝珍,胡时胜.猪后腿肌肉的冲击压缩特性实验[J].爆炸与冲击,2010,30(1):33-38.WANG B Z,HU S S.Dynamic compression experiments of porcine ham muscle[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2010,30(1):33-38.
[7]王鹏飞.多孔金属的动态力学响应及其温度相关性研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2012.WANG P F.Research on dynamic mechanical response of cellular metals and temperature dependency[D].Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China,2012.
[8]朱珏,胡时胜,王礼立.率相关混凝土类材料SHPB试验的若干问题[J].工程力学,2007,24(1):78-87.ZHU J,HU S S,WANG L L.Problems of SHPB technique used for rate-dependent concrete-sort materials[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(1):78-87.
[9]王鹏飞,罗斌强,胡时胜.套管式冲击拉伸实验装置的研制[J].实验力学,2009,24(6):513-518.WANG P F,LUO B Q,HU S S.Development of the casing type impact tension experimental device[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2009,24(6):513-518.
[10]刘战伟,吕新涛,陈喜民,等.基于多级电磁发射的mini-SHPB装置[J].实验力学,2013,28(5):557-562.LIU Z W,LX T,CHEN X M,et al.On the mini-SHPB device based on multi-level electromagnetic emissions[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2013,28(5):557-562.
[11]郭伟国,赵融,魏腾飞,等.用于Hopkinson压杆装置的电磁驱动技术[J].实验力学,2010,25(6):682-689.GUO W G,ZHAO R,WEI T F,et al.Electromagnet ali driving technique applied to split-Hopkinson pressure bar device[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2010,25(6):682-689.
[12]汤立群,谢倍欣,史景伦,等.一种用于霍普金森压杆的双子弹电磁驱动装置:105319124A[P].2016-02-10.TANG L Q,XIE B X,SHI J L,et al.A dual-bullet electromagnetic drive device for SHPB:105319124A[P].2016-02-10.
[13]王礼立.应力波基础[M].第2版.北京:国防工业出版社,2005:380.WANG L L.Fundation of stress waves[M].2nd ed.Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2005:380.
[14]郭伟国,李玉龙,索涛.应力波基础简明教程[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,2007.GUO W G,LI Y L,SUO T.A brief tutorial on fundation of stress waves[M].Xi'an:Northwest Polytechnical University Press,2007.
[15]尚兵,胡时胜,姜锡权.金属材料SHPB实验数据处理的三波校核法[J].爆炸与冲击.2010,30(4):429-432.SHANG B,HU S S,JIANG X Q.A three-wave coupling method for data treatment in SHPB experiments with metal samples[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2010,30(4):429-432.
[16]张军徽,尚兵.基于数值模拟的SHPB实验数据处理方法[J].高压物理学报,2016,30(3):213-220.ZHANG J H,SHANG B.Numerical study of the data processing methods in SHPB experiments[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,2016,30(3):213-220.
[2]HOPKINSON B.A method of measuring the pressure produced in the detonation of high explosives or by the impact of bullets[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London:Series A:Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Sciences,1914,213:437-456.
[3]KOLSKY H.An investigation of the mechanical properties of materials at very high rates of loading[J].Proceedings of the Physical Society:Section B,1949,62(11):676-700.
[4]尚兵,盛精,王宝珍,等.不锈钢材料的动态力学性能及本构模型[J].爆炸与冲击,2008,28(6):527-531.SHANG B,SHENG J,WANG B Z,et al.Dynamic mechanical behavior and constitutive model of stainless steel[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2008,28(6):527-531.
[5]王宝珍,周相荣,胡时胜.高应变率下橡胶的时温等效关系及力学形态[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2008,24(8):5-8.WANG B Z,ZHOU X R,HU S S.Dynamic mechanical behavior and rate-temperature equivalence of rubber[J].Polymer Materials Science and Engineering,2008,24(8):5-8.
[6]王宝珍,胡时胜.猪后腿肌肉的冲击压缩特性实验[J].爆炸与冲击,2010,30(1):33-38.WANG B Z,HU S S.Dynamic compression experiments of porcine ham muscle[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2010,30(1):33-38.
[7]王鹏飞.多孔金属的动态力学响应及其温度相关性研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2012.WANG P F.Research on dynamic mechanical response of cellular metals and temperature dependency[D].Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China,2012.
[8]朱珏,胡时胜,王礼立.率相关混凝土类材料SHPB试验的若干问题[J].工程力学,2007,24(1):78-87.ZHU J,HU S S,WANG L L.Problems of SHPB technique used for rate-dependent concrete-sort materials[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(1):78-87.
[9]王鹏飞,罗斌强,胡时胜.套管式冲击拉伸实验装置的研制[J].实验力学,2009,24(6):513-518.WANG P F,LUO B Q,HU S S.Development of the casing type impact tension experimental device[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2009,24(6):513-518.
[10]刘战伟,吕新涛,陈喜民,等.基于多级电磁发射的mini-SHPB装置[J].实验力学,2013,28(5):557-562.LIU Z W,LX T,CHEN X M,et al.On the mini-SHPB device based on multi-level electromagnetic emissions[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2013,28(5):557-562.
[11]郭伟国,赵融,魏腾飞,等.用于Hopkinson压杆装置的电磁驱动技术[J].实验力学,2010,25(6):682-689.GUO W G,ZHAO R,WEI T F,et al.Electromagnet ali driving technique applied to split-Hopkinson pressure bar device[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2010,25(6):682-689.
[12]汤立群,谢倍欣,史景伦,等.一种用于霍普金森压杆的双子弹电磁驱动装置:105319124A[P].2016-02-10.TANG L Q,XIE B X,SHI J L,et al.A dual-bullet electromagnetic drive device for SHPB:105319124A[P].2016-02-10.
[13]王礼立.应力波基础[M].第2版.北京:国防工业出版社,2005:380.WANG L L.Fundation of stress waves[M].2nd ed.Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2005:380.
[14]郭伟国,李玉龙,索涛.应力波基础简明教程[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,2007.GUO W G,LI Y L,SUO T.A brief tutorial on fundation of stress waves[M].Xi'an:Northwest Polytechnical University Press,2007.
[15]尚兵,胡时胜,姜锡权.金属材料SHPB实验数据处理的三波校核法[J].爆炸与冲击.2010,30(4):429-432.SHANG B,HU S S,JIANG X Q.A three-wave coupling method for data treatment in SHPB experiments with metal samples[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2010,30(4):429-432.
[16]张军徽,尚兵.基于数值模拟的SHPB实验数据处理方法[J].高压物理学报,2016,30(3):213-220.ZHANG J H,SHANG B.Numerical study of the data processing methods in SHPB experiments[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,2016,30(3):213-220.