石家庄市某高校学生不同年次结核菌素试验结果分析
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摘要
目的了解青年学生结核病感染危险程度及相关因素,为学校结核病控制提供依据。方法对某大学2010-2013级学生,自入学至大三每间隔1.5年、2.5年重复PPD试验,分别将两次PPD试验结果进行对比分析。结果大一与大二的PPD阳性率和强阳性率结果差异有统计学意义(χ2=165.21,P<0.01;χ2=248.61,P<0.01),大一到大二的阳性率平均年增加8.0%,强阳性率平均年增加7.2%;大一与大三的PPD试验结果阳性率和强阳率差异均有统计学意义(χ2=114.93,P<0.01;χ2=79.11,P<0.01),大一到大三阳性率平均年增加4.9%,强阳性率平均年增加2.9%。入学时PPD试验结果阴性学生:间隔1.5年的平均年阳转率21.0%,间隔2.5年的平均年阳转率13.9%。入学时阳性率高,与大二、大三的阳性率增加成反比。大二、大三的强阳性率逐年增加。结论大一到大二是结核感染的高危险时期,在落实学校各项防控措施的同时,应重点做好大学一、二年级学生的结核病防治知识的健康教育、强阳性预防性治疗等工作,提高学生的自我防护能力,减少结核病的发生。
Objective To study the risks and factors of tuberculosis infection among young students,and lay a foundation for controlling the TB in the university. Methods The two PPD( in the interval of 1. 5 years and 2. 5 years) results of the students( from the grade of 2010 to 2013) in the university were compared. Results The differences of PPD positive rate and strong positive rate between freshman and sophomore were of statistical significance( χ2= 165. 21,P < 0. 01; χ2= 248. 61,P < 0. 01). In the group of grade 1 to grade 2,the average annual risk of infection was increased by 8%,and the average annual strong positive rate was increased by 7. 2%. The differences of PPD positive rate and strong positive rate between freshman and junior were also statistically significant( χ2= 114. 93,P < 0. 01; χ2= 79. 11,P < 0. 01). In the group of grade 1 to grade 3,the average annual risk of infection was increased by 4. 9%,and the average annual strong positive rate was increased by 2. 9%. In the group of the students whose PDD was negative when they were enrolled: the average annual positive conversion rate was 21. 0% 1. 5 year later; the average annual positive conversion rate was about 13. 9% after 2. 5 years. The positive rate of the enrollment was high,inversely proportional to increase of that in grade 2 and grade 3, and the strong positive rate increased year by year. Conclusion Because of the high risk of tuberculosis infection in the first two grades,the methods of controlling and prevention,school health education and strong positive preventive treatments in particular, should be carried out to improve students' self-protection ability,at the same time,reduce the occurrence of tuberculosis.
Objective To study the risks and factors of tuberculosis infection among young students,and lay a foundation for controlling the TB in the university. Methods The two PPD( in the interval of 1. 5 years and 2. 5 years) results of the students( from the grade of 2010 to 2013) in the university were compared. Results The differences of PPD positive rate and strong positive rate between freshman and sophomore were of statistical significance( χ2= 165. 21,P < 0. 01; χ2= 248. 61,P < 0. 01). In the group of grade 1 to grade 2,the average annual risk of infection was increased by 8%,and the average annual strong positive rate was increased by 7. 2%. The differences of PPD positive rate and strong positive rate between freshman and junior were also statistically significant( χ2= 114. 93,P < 0. 01; χ2= 79. 11,P < 0. 01). In the group of grade 1 to grade 3,the average annual risk of infection was increased by 4. 9%,and the average annual strong positive rate was increased by 2. 9%. In the group of the students whose PDD was negative when they were enrolled: the average annual positive conversion rate was 21. 0% 1. 5 year later; the average annual positive conversion rate was about 13. 9% after 2. 5 years. The positive rate of the enrollment was high,inversely proportional to increase of that in grade 2 and grade 3, and the strong positive rate increased year by year. Conclusion Because of the high risk of tuberculosis infection in the first two grades,the methods of controlling and prevention,school health education and strong positive preventive treatments in particular, should be carried out to improve students' self-protection ability,at the same time,reduce the occurrence of tuberculosis.
引文
[1]全国结核病流行病学抽样调查技术指导组.2000年全国结核病流行病学抽样调查报告[J].中国防痨杂志,2002,24(2):65-108.
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[10]黎月莲.PPD试验和结核抗体测定对结核病的诊断价值[J].疑难病杂志,2006,5(3):207-208.
[11]卫生部办公厅.学校结核病防控工作规范(试行).2010-08-06.
[12]张贺秋,赵雁林,冯晓燕,等.现代结核病诊断技术[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2013:85-87.
[13]谢惠安,阳国泰,林善梓,等.现代结核病学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2000:175-177,701-702.
[14]张立兴,屠德华,何广学,等.北京市学龄前儿童结核菌自然感染率的研究[J].中国防痨杂志,1998,20(2):51-57.
[15]姚锦.安徽工业大学近20年新生结核菌素试验结果分析[J].中国学校卫生,2010,31(11):1363-1364.
[16]谢惠安,阳国泰,林善梓,等.现代结核病学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2000:171-177.
[17]刘玉清,屠德华,安燕生,等.大学生结核病控制的研究(二)结核感染者的预防性治疗[J].中国防痨杂志,2005,27(3):139-142.
[18]朱宪.大学生结核菌感染筛查分析及预防措施[J].首都医科大学学报,2007,28(4):492-493.
[19]李春玲.大学生结核病的预防措施[J].天津科技大学学报,2004,19(2):73-75.
[2]胡秀润,高玉萍,张照兰,等.大学生结核感染情况的追踪观察[J].中国学校卫生,1998,19(4):296.
[3]史清明,倪进发,陶芳标.某市高等院校大学生结核病患病情况调查[J].中国学校卫生,2004,25(5):541-542.
[4]于文博,刘瑾,杜岩,等.沈阳市2005-2008年高校学生肺结核疫情分析[J].中国学校卫生,2010,31(5):625-626.
[5]郑洪民,毕春宇.某高校2007-2009年学生肺结核X线检查结果分析[J].中国学校卫生,2010,31(5):633.
[6]邢福华,刘玉清,徐道康,等.北京市35所高校结核病流行情况分析[J].中国防痨杂志,1999,21(3):129-131.
[7]单平,王洵.江南大学近5届新生结核菌素试验结果分析[J].中国学校卫生,2004,25(3):284-285.
[8]路丽,袁树华.河北省部分学校肺结核病集中发病情况分析[J].中国学校卫生,2007,28(6):557.
[9]屠德华.结核菌素试验的应用[J].中国防痨杂志,2001,23(2):123-125.
[10]黎月莲.PPD试验和结核抗体测定对结核病的诊断价值[J].疑难病杂志,2006,5(3):207-208.
[11]卫生部办公厅.学校结核病防控工作规范(试行).2010-08-06.
[12]张贺秋,赵雁林,冯晓燕,等.现代结核病诊断技术[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2013:85-87.
[13]谢惠安,阳国泰,林善梓,等.现代结核病学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2000:175-177,701-702.
[14]张立兴,屠德华,何广学,等.北京市学龄前儿童结核菌自然感染率的研究[J].中国防痨杂志,1998,20(2):51-57.
[15]姚锦.安徽工业大学近20年新生结核菌素试验结果分析[J].中国学校卫生,2010,31(11):1363-1364.
[16]谢惠安,阳国泰,林善梓,等.现代结核病学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2000:171-177.
[17]刘玉清,屠德华,安燕生,等.大学生结核病控制的研究(二)结核感染者的预防性治疗[J].中国防痨杂志,2005,27(3):139-142.
[18]朱宪.大学生结核菌感染筛查分析及预防措施[J].首都医科大学学报,2007,28(4):492-493.
[19]李春玲.大学生结核病的预防措施[J].天津科技大学学报,2004,19(2):73-75.