内蒙古自治区医学科技工作者健康状况调查与分析
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摘要
目的了解特殊职业医学科技工作者的健康状况,为该群体身体健康及身体疾病的防治提供理论支持。方法采用医学上通用的自测健康评定量表(SRHMS)、中医体质量表、基本信息登记表进行问卷调查,调查对象选取内蒙古自治区的三个市的900名医学科技工作者。结果参加问卷调查的医学科技工作者中超重和肥胖、颈椎病、高血压、血脂偏高、乳房疾病及脂肪肝的发生率较高;参加问卷调查的医学科技工作者中,我们分别从性别,婚姻状况,所在医院级别和民族的不同情况得出心理、生理、社会的得分及总得分间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);参加问卷调查的医学科技工作者中,在15～34岁人群中平和质比例较高,34岁以后平和质人数比例随年龄的增长而降低;气虚质、阳虚质人数比例有随着年龄的增高而增加的倾向;阴虚质人数比例在年轻人中相对较多;血瘀质在老年人中更为常见;湿热质、气郁质的比例在年轻人中较高;痰湿质则多见于中老年人。结论内蒙古自治区医学科技工作者的健康状况不容乐观;性别、婚姻状况、所在医院级别、民族是影响医学科技工作者身心健康的重要因素;不同年龄组中医体质类型的分布是不同的。
Objective To understand the health status of special occupational medical science and technology workers, and to provide theoretical support for the prevention and treatment of physical health and physical diseases of this group. Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted using the medically self-tested health assessment scale(SRHMS), Chinese medical constitution scale, and basic information registration form. The survey selected 900 medical science and technology workers from three cities in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Results The medical science and technology workers participating in the questionnaire surveyed had higher rates of overweight and obesity, cervical spondylosis, hypertension, high blood lipids, breast disease and fatty liver. Among the medical science and technology workers who participated in the questionnaire survey, we found statistically significant differences in psychological, physiological, social scores and total scores from gender, marital status, hospital level and ethnic group( P <0.05).Among the medical science and technology workers who participated in the questionnaire survey, the gentleness type is higher in the population aged 15 to 34, and the gentleness type after the age of 34 decreases with age. The proportion of qi-deficiency type and yang-deficiency type has a tendency to increase with age. The proportion of yin-deficiency type is relatively large among young people; Blood-stasis type is more common in the elderly. The proportion of wetness-heat type and qi-depression type is higher among young people. The phlegm-wetness type is more common in middle-aged and elderly people. Conclusion The health status of medical science and technology workers in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is not optimistic; gender, marital status, hospital level, and nationality are important factors affecting the physical and mental health of medical science and technology workers, differentthe distribution of constitution types in different age groups.
Objective To understand the health status of special occupational medical science and technology workers, and to provide theoretical support for the prevention and treatment of physical health and physical diseases of this group. Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted using the medically self-tested health assessment scale(SRHMS), Chinese medical constitution scale, and basic information registration form. The survey selected 900 medical science and technology workers from three cities in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Results The medical science and technology workers participating in the questionnaire surveyed had higher rates of overweight and obesity, cervical spondylosis, hypertension, high blood lipids, breast disease and fatty liver. Among the medical science and technology workers who participated in the questionnaire survey, we found statistically significant differences in psychological, physiological, social scores and total scores from gender, marital status, hospital level and ethnic group( P <0.05).Among the medical science and technology workers who participated in the questionnaire survey, the gentleness type is higher in the population aged 15 to 34, and the gentleness type after the age of 34 decreases with age. The proportion of qi-deficiency type and yang-deficiency type has a tendency to increase with age. The proportion of yin-deficiency type is relatively large among young people; Blood-stasis type is more common in the elderly. The proportion of wetness-heat type and qi-depression type is higher among young people. The phlegm-wetness type is more common in middle-aged and elderly people. Conclusion The health status of medical science and technology workers in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is not optimistic; gender, marital status, hospital level, and nationality are important factors affecting the physical and mental health of medical science and technology workers, differentthe distribution of constitution types in different age groups.
引文
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[16]王琦. 9种基本中医体质类型的分类及其诊断表述依据[J].北京中医药大学学报,2005(4):1-8.
[2]邓大胜,李路路,史慧,等.科技工作者想什么?盼什么?[N].光明日报,2015-01-23(005).
[3]王炎.福建省科技工作者状况调查的统计分析[D].福建师范大学,2014.
[4]秦瑞,梁明斌,方乐,等.科技工作者健康生活方式及影响因素研究[J].浙江预防医学,2014,26(11):1101-1105.
[5]白波,王艳芳,吴妮娜.北京市某功能社区科技工作者心理健康状况调查[J].中国社会医学杂志,2014,31(6):413-416.
[6]刘县兰,许宏,曾海萍,等.广州市科技工作者压力源状况调查[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2015,23(1):56-60.
[7]朱燕波,王琦,薛禾生,等.中医体质量表性能的初步评价[J].中国临床康复,2006,10(3):15-17.
[8]王琦,朱燕波,薛禾生,等.中医体质量表的初步编制[J].中国临床康复,2006(3):12-14.
[9]张亚军.绝经后骨质疏松症及其影响因素与中医体质相关性研究[D].北京中医药大学,2009.
[10]许军,郭榕,刘永生,等.自测健康评定量表修订版的反应度研究[J].中国卫生统计,2003(5):17-20.
[11]史瑞洁,柏璐,关春丽,等.实习护生自测健康状况与应对方式的相关[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2017,25(3):449-453.
[12] Kaplan G,Baron-Epel O. What lies behind the subjective evaluation of health status. Soc Sci Med,2003,56(8):1669-76.
[13]郭荣芬.医务工作者健康状况分析与保健策略探讨[J].中国病案,2012,13(5):67-68.
[14]雷鹏,徐玲,吴擢春.中国居民自感健康与常见慢性病关系[J].中国公共卫生,2011,27(4):416-418.
[15]王琦.中医体质学2008[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2009:29-31.
[16]王琦. 9种基本中医体质类型的分类及其诊断表述依据[J].北京中医药大学学报,2005(4):1-8.