预应力锚索腐蚀疲劳损伤对冲击地压防治影响研究
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摘要
为了研究复杂动力环境及化学作用下受腐蚀疲劳损伤预应力锚索的安全可靠性,采用现场取样,选取不同腐蚀程度的预应力锚索观察其腐蚀状态,在实验室进行拉伸破坏试验,测得不同腐蚀程度下的锚索强度、拉伸值,并建立增量理论本构方程,结合腐蚀损伤模型,揭示塑性条件下瞬时应力锚索持续应变与损伤部位应力集中破坏过程。研究结果表明,锚索珠状腐蚀状态下索体周围地质动力作用最为剧烈;当预应力锚索腐蚀程度达到8.21%以上时,锚索脆性现象明显,此时锚索索体延展性极小,在巷道中后期锚索腐蚀使得拉伸能力减弱;深部矿井循环瞬时动力作用会使得锚索周围产生滑移带,增加锚索塑性拉伸值,该种应力状态下索体腐蚀比单一化学腐蚀程度更为剧烈,当腐蚀程度使得索体达到脆性状态时,锚索强度降低15%以上,拉伸值降低86.4%以上,锚索依靠伸缩吸能防冲效果会在支护中后期失效。
In order to study a safety reliability of a pre-stressed anchor with a corrosion fatigue and damage under complicated dynamic environment and chemical function,tensile failure tests were conducted in lab on the site samples and the selected pre-stressed anchors and the corrosion status of anchors were observed. The strength and tensile value of anchors with different corrosion degree were measured and were applied to establish a constitutive equation of incremental theory. In combination with the corrosion damage model,sustained strain of transient stress anchor and the stress concentrated failure process of damage part under plastic condition were revealed. The study results showed that under dropwise corrosion status of anchors,the dynamic geological effect around anchor body would be serious. When the corrosion degree of pre-stressed anchor was over 8.21%,the brittle phenomenon of anchor would be obvious. At the moment,the extension of anchor body would be minimal. At the middle and late period of mine roadway,the anchor corrosion would make tensile capacity reduced.The transient dynamic effect of deep mine circulation would cause sliding zone around the anchor and the plastic tensile value of anchor would be increased. Under the stress status,the corrosion of anchor body would be more serious than single chemical corrosion degree.When the corrosion degree caused anchor body in a brittle status,the strength of anchor would be reduced over 15%,the tensile value would be reduced over 86.4% and the bump prevention effect of anchor with expansion and energy absorption function would be failure in the late support period.
In order to study a safety reliability of a pre-stressed anchor with a corrosion fatigue and damage under complicated dynamic environment and chemical function,tensile failure tests were conducted in lab on the site samples and the selected pre-stressed anchors and the corrosion status of anchors were observed. The strength and tensile value of anchors with different corrosion degree were measured and were applied to establish a constitutive equation of incremental theory. In combination with the corrosion damage model,sustained strain of transient stress anchor and the stress concentrated failure process of damage part under plastic condition were revealed. The study results showed that under dropwise corrosion status of anchors,the dynamic geological effect around anchor body would be serious. When the corrosion degree of pre-stressed anchor was over 8.21%,the brittle phenomenon of anchor would be obvious. At the moment,the extension of anchor body would be minimal. At the middle and late period of mine roadway,the anchor corrosion would make tensile capacity reduced.The transient dynamic effect of deep mine circulation would cause sliding zone around the anchor and the plastic tensile value of anchor would be increased. Under the stress status,the corrosion of anchor body would be more serious than single chemical corrosion degree.When the corrosion degree caused anchor body in a brittle status,the strength of anchor would be reduced over 15%,the tensile value would be reduced over 86.4% and the bump prevention effect of anchor with expansion and energy absorption function would be failure in the late support period.
引文
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[16]钟铭.钢筋混凝土柱低周疲劳全过程累积损伤性能简化分析方法[J].土木工程学报,2016,49(8):84-91.ZHONG Ming.Simplified method for analysis of damage characteristic of RC columns under and after low cyclic loading[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2016,49(8):84-91.
[17]勾攀峰,陈启永,张盛.钻孔淋水对树脂锚杆锚固力的影响分析[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(6):680-683.GOU Panfeng,Chen Qiyong,Zhang Sheng.Influence analysis of the anchor-hold of the resin bolt by the draining water in the drill hole[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(6):680-683.
[18]吴锋,张章,龚景海.基于锈胀裂缝的锈蚀梁钢筋锈蚀率计算[J].建筑结构学报,2013,34(10):144-150.WU Feng,ZHANG Zhang,GONG Jinghai.Calculation of steel corrosion rate based on corrosive crack of beams[J].Journal of Building Structures,2013,34(10):144-150.
[19]康红普,吴拥政,褚晓威,等.小孔径锚索预应力损失影响因素的试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(8):1245-1251.KANG Hongpu,WU Yongzheng,CHU Xiaowei,et al.Tests on affecting factors for pretension loss of cables with small borehole[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(8):1245-1251.
[20]李聪,朱杰兵,汪斌,等.腐蚀环境下预应力锚筋的耐久性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(S1):3356-3364.LI Cong,ZHU Jiebing,WANG Bin,et al.Durability test study of pre-stressed anchor bar in corrosion environment[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(S1):3356-3364.
[2]张国锋,王二雨,许丽莹.煤矿高恒阻大变形锚索受力特性规律及应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(10):2033-2043.ZHANG Guofeng,WANG Eryu,XU Liying.Mechanical characteristics of high constant resistance and large deformation anchor rope in coal mines[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(10):2033-2043.
[3]夏洪满.高恒阻大变形锚索力学特性及现场防冲试验研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2013.
[4]郑静,曾辉辉,朱本珍.腐蚀对锚索力学性能影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(12):2469-2474.ZHENG Jing,ZENG Huihui,ZHU Benzhen.Test study of influence of erosion on mechanical behavior of anchor[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(12):2469-2474.
[5]何思明,王全才,罗渝.钢绞线锈蚀对预应力锚索荷载传递特征的影响[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2010,42(1):1-4.HE Siming,WANG Quancai,LUO Yu.Impact of steel stand corrosion on pr-stressed anchor cable load transfer characteristic[J].Journal of Sichuan University:Engineering Science Edition,2010,42(1):1-4.
[6]王显利,郑建军.钢筋混凝土结构锈胀开裂及裂缝扩展试验研究[J].大连理工大学学报,2009,49(2):246-252.WANG Xianli,ZHENG Jianjun.Experimental study of corrosion induced crack initiation and propagation of reinforced concrete structures[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2009,49(2):246-252.
[7]赵羽习,金伟良.钢筋锈蚀导致混凝土构件包裹体开裂的全过程分析[J].水利学报,2005,36(8):939-945.ZHAO Yuxi,JIN Weiliang.Analysis on cracking of concrete cover due to corrosion[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2005,36(8):939-945.
[8]肖玲,李世民,曾宪明,等.地下巷道支护锚杆腐蚀状况调查及力学性能测试[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(S2):3791-3797.XIAO Ling,LI Shimin,ZENG Xianming,et al.Corrosion investigation and mechanical behavior test on support of bolts in underground drift[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(S2):3791-3797.
[9]洪海春,徐卫亚.全长黏结式预应力锚索锈胀开裂时服务年限研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(4):949-953.HONG Haichun,XU Weiya.Research on service life of wholly bonded pre-stressed cable when corrosion expansion cracking[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(4):949-953.
[10]邓东平,李亮,赵炼恒,等.基于锈胀开裂的预应力锚杆(索)使用寿命预测研究[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(8):1464-1472.DENG Dongping,LI Liang,ZHAO Lianheng,et al.Prediction of service life of pre-stressed anchorage bolt(cable)due to corrosion expansion[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,36(8):1464-1472.
[11]李富民,刘贞国.索体腐蚀对锚索结构锚固性能的影响[J].中国公路学报,2016,29(2):23-31.LI Fumin,LIU Zhenguo.Effects of cable corrosion on anchoring behavior of anchor cable structures[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2016,29(2):23-31.
[12]张志亮.预应力锚索耐腐蚀性及失效研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2008:11-33.
[13]任爱武,汪彦枢,王玉杰,等.拉力集中全长黏结型锚索长期耐久性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(3):493-499.REN Aiwu,WANG Yanshu,WANG Yujie,et al.Research on durability of concentrated tension and full-bonded anchor cables[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(3):493-499.
[14]李英勇.岩土预应力锚固系统长期稳定性研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2008:1-19.
[15]杨启贵,高大水,吴海斌.对我国岩土预应力锚索防腐措施和标准的探讨[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(10):1558-1562.YANG Qigui,GAO Dashui,WU Haibin.Discussion on antiseptic measures and standards of geotechnical pre-stressed anchorage cables in China[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(10):1558-1562.
[16]钟铭.钢筋混凝土柱低周疲劳全过程累积损伤性能简化分析方法[J].土木工程学报,2016,49(8):84-91.ZHONG Ming.Simplified method for analysis of damage characteristic of RC columns under and after low cyclic loading[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2016,49(8):84-91.
[17]勾攀峰,陈启永,张盛.钻孔淋水对树脂锚杆锚固力的影响分析[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(6):680-683.GOU Panfeng,Chen Qiyong,Zhang Sheng.Influence analysis of the anchor-hold of the resin bolt by the draining water in the drill hole[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(6):680-683.
[18]吴锋,张章,龚景海.基于锈胀裂缝的锈蚀梁钢筋锈蚀率计算[J].建筑结构学报,2013,34(10):144-150.WU Feng,ZHANG Zhang,GONG Jinghai.Calculation of steel corrosion rate based on corrosive crack of beams[J].Journal of Building Structures,2013,34(10):144-150.
[19]康红普,吴拥政,褚晓威,等.小孔径锚索预应力损失影响因素的试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(8):1245-1251.KANG Hongpu,WU Yongzheng,CHU Xiaowei,et al.Tests on affecting factors for pretension loss of cables with small borehole[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(8):1245-1251.
[20]李聪,朱杰兵,汪斌,等.腐蚀环境下预应力锚筋的耐久性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(S1):3356-3364.LI Cong,ZHU Jiebing,WANG Bin,et al.Durability test study of pre-stressed anchor bar in corrosion environment[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(S1):3356-3364.