低渗油藏气水交替驱参数优化研究
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摘要
针对低渗透砂岩油藏,储层物性差,孔喉半径小,层内、层间非均质性较强,水驱控制程度低,注水见效时间缓慢等问题,采用了注CO_2气体的开发方式,但研究区块已进入高含水阶段,在用气体驱替原油的过程中,由于CO_2气体和油相两相间的粘度差异,导致了CO_2气体成指状在原油中穿过,这种粘性指进现象的存在引起了驱替前缘的不稳定,降低了波及体积效率,导致了气窜现象的发生。为了减少气窜现象的发生,应用气水交替驱转换注入方式。为了获取最佳开发效果,结合了油田开发历史以及地质资料,应用油藏数值模拟软件,研究了注CO_2对低渗透砂岩油藏开发效果的影响并对注入总量、注入周期、年注气速度、气水比等参数进行了优化。研究结果表明,最佳注入方案为:CO_2注入总量为0.6 HCPV,注入周期为180 d,年注气速度为0.07 HCPV/a,气水比为2:1。
In view of the problems of low permeability sandstone reservoirs, such as poor physical properties, small pore throat radius, strong intra-layer and inter-layer heterogeneity, low degree of water-flooding control and so on, a CO_2 injection method was used. But the study block has entered into the stage of high water cut, during the process of displacing crude oil by gas, due to the difference in viscosity between the two phases of CO_2 gas and oil phase, CO_2 gas was finger-shaped and passed through the crude oil. The existence of the phenomenon caused the instability of the displacement front and reduced the volumetric sweep efficiency, resulting in the gas channeling phenomenon. In order to reduce the occurrence of gas channeling phenomenon, gas and water alternate drive injection method was used. In order to obtain the best development results, based on the history of oilfield development and geological data, the reservoir numerical simulation software was used to study the effect of CO_2 injection on the development of low permeability sandstone reservoirs. Then injection volume, injection period, injection speed, gas-water ratio and other parameters were optimized. The results showed that the best injection scheme was as follows: the total amount of CO_2 injection was 0.6 HCPV, the injection period was 180 d, the annual gas injection rate was 0.07 HCPV/year and the gas-water ratio was 2: 1.
In view of the problems of low permeability sandstone reservoirs, such as poor physical properties, small pore throat radius, strong intra-layer and inter-layer heterogeneity, low degree of water-flooding control and so on, a CO_2 injection method was used. But the study block has entered into the stage of high water cut, during the process of displacing crude oil by gas, due to the difference in viscosity between the two phases of CO_2 gas and oil phase, CO_2 gas was finger-shaped and passed through the crude oil. The existence of the phenomenon caused the instability of the displacement front and reduced the volumetric sweep efficiency, resulting in the gas channeling phenomenon. In order to reduce the occurrence of gas channeling phenomenon, gas and water alternate drive injection method was used. In order to obtain the best development results, based on the history of oilfield development and geological data, the reservoir numerical simulation software was used to study the effect of CO_2 injection on the development of low permeability sandstone reservoirs. Then injection volume, injection period, injection speed, gas-water ratio and other parameters were optimized. The results showed that the best injection scheme was as follows: the total amount of CO_2 injection was 0.6 HCPV, the injection period was 180 d, the annual gas injection rate was 0.07 HCPV/year and the gas-water ratio was 2: 1.
引文
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[4]李翔.渤海油田氮气泡沫段塞调驱研究与应用[J].海洋石油,2012,32(01):57-60.
[5]杜建芬,刘伟,郭平,陈敏.低渗透油藏气水交替注入能力变化规律研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,33(05):114-117+198.
[6]李蒙.吉林油田黑79区块注CO2驱油效果评价[D].西南石油大学.
[7]章星,杨胜来,李芳芳,陈浩,聂向荣,丁景臣.特低渗透油藏CO2—水交替注入特征和效果[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2013,32(02):122-125.
[8]钟张起,薛宗安,刘鹏程,史运芳,贾福东.吉林油田低渗复合油藏CO2驱数值模拟研究[J].石油地质与工程,2012,26(06):94-96+148.
[9]王舒萍.扶余油田东10-2区块调剖方案设计及效果评价[D].东北石油大学,2016.
[10]修云灵.吉林油田新218区块周期注水效果评价[J].石油地质与工程,2015,29(02):93-94+97+149.
[11]陈祖华,汤勇,王海妹,陈雨菡.CO2驱开发后期防气窜综合治理方法研究[J].岩性油气藏,2014,26(05):102-106+123.
[12]杨大庆,江绍静,尚庆华,余华贵,黄春霞,汤瑞佳.注气压力对特低渗透油藏CO2驱气窜的影响规律研究[J].钻采工艺,2014,37(04):63-65+5.
[13]郝宏达,赵凤兰,侯吉瑞,宋兆杰,侯利斌,王志兴,李文峰,付忠凤.低渗透非均质油藏WAG注入参数优化实验及提高采收率机理研究[J].石油科学通报,2016,1(02):233-240.