转炉钢渣中铁组分的氧化改质与磁选回收
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摘要
在不同工艺参数下对转炉钢渣进行了固相氧化改质,并对改质后钢渣进行了磁选处理,分析对比了干式磁选和湿式磁选对改质钢渣的磁选效果。实验结果表明:通过氧化改质处理,能够使钢渣中无磁性铁氧化物向有磁性镁铁尖晶石发生转变,后者可通过磁选进行有效分离。原钢渣进行氧化改质的最佳加热温度和气体通入速率分别为1 100℃和7.5 L·min~(-1)。钢渣通过固相改质后,更容易获得高回收率的高品位精矿,对钢渣的磁选宜为湿式弱磁选,实验范围内磁选工艺的最佳磁感应强度为0.102 T。在加热温度1 100℃,保温时间30 min,气体通入速率7.5 L·min~(-1)的条件下,改质钢渣产率达到22%,铁品位达到62%,回收率达到64.95%。
The modification of basic oxygen furnace(BOF) slag is carried out under different technological parameters, followed by the magnetic separation. The effect between dry magnetic separation and wet magnetic separation on modified steel slag is analyzed and compared. The experimental results show that the non-magnetic ferrite can be transformed into magnetic ferromanganese spinel by oxidative modification, which can be separated by magnetic separation. The optimal heating temperature and gas flow rate of the modification process are 1 100 ℃and 7.5 L·min~(-1),respectively. It is easier for modified slag to obtain high-yield and high-grade concentrate, the magnetic separation of steel slag should be wet weak magnetic separation, and the best magnetic flux density within this experimental range is 0.102 T. Under conditions with heating temperature of 1 100 ℃, holding time of 30 min and gas flow rate of 7.5 L·min~(-1), yields of steel slag is 22%, iron grade in concentrate is 62% and recovery rate is 64.95%.
The modification of basic oxygen furnace(BOF) slag is carried out under different technological parameters, followed by the magnetic separation. The effect between dry magnetic separation and wet magnetic separation on modified steel slag is analyzed and compared. The experimental results show that the non-magnetic ferrite can be transformed into magnetic ferromanganese spinel by oxidative modification, which can be separated by magnetic separation. The optimal heating temperature and gas flow rate of the modification process are 1 100 ℃and 7.5 L·min~(-1),respectively. It is easier for modified slag to obtain high-yield and high-grade concentrate, the magnetic separation of steel slag should be wet weak magnetic separation, and the best magnetic flux density within this experimental range is 0.102 T. Under conditions with heating temperature of 1 100 ℃, holding time of 30 min and gas flow rate of 7.5 L·min~(-1), yields of steel slag is 22%, iron grade in concentrate is 62% and recovery rate is 64.95%.
引文
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[2]于先坤,杨洪,华绍广.冶金固废资源化利用现状及发展[J].金属矿山,2015,44(2):177-180.
[3]杨绍利.冶金概论[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2008.
[4]杨合,孙旭,刘东,等.选铁尾矿和钛精矿直接还原-磁选工艺回收铁实验研究[J].材料热处理学报, 2014,35(4):90-95.
[5] ZHANG L N, ZHANG L, WANG M Y, et al. Oxidization mechanism in Ca O-Fe O?-Si O2 slag with high iron content[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2005,15(4):938-943.
[6] SEMYKINA A, SHATOKHA V, SEETHARAMAN S. Innovative approach to recovery of iron from steelmaking slags[J]. Ironmaking&Steelmaking,2013,37(7):536-540. DOI:10.1179/030192310X12690127076479.
[7] SEMYKINA A, SHATOKHA V, IWASE M, et al. Kinetics of oxidation of divalent iron to trivalent state in liquid Fe O-Ca O-Si O2slags[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2010,41(6):1230-1239. DOI:10.1007/s11663-010-9425-x.
[8] SEMYKINA A, NAKANO J, SRIDHAR S, et al. Confocal microscopic studies on evolution of crystals during oxidation of the Fe O-Ca O-Si O2-Mn O slags[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2010,41(5):940-945. DOI:10.1007/s11663-010-9392-2.
[9] SEMYKINA A. The kinetics of oxidation of liquid Fe O-Mn O-Ca O-Si O2 slags in air[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2012,43(1):56-63. DOI:10.1007/s11663-011-9576-4.
[10]侯新凯,贺宁,袁静舒.钢渣中二价金属氧化物固溶体的选别性研究[J].硅酸盐学报,2013,41(8):1142.
[11]薛鹏,贺东风,徐安军,等.改质转炉渣中Mg Fe2O4的形成与磁选提铁[J].钢铁,2017,52(7):104-110.
[12] XUE P, HE D, XU A, et al. Modification of industrial BOF slag:Formation of Mg Fe2O4 and recycling of iron[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2017,712:640-648. DOI:10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.04.142.
[13] JIANG L, BAO Y W, YANG Q X, et al. Formation of spinel phases in oxidized BOF slag under different cooling conditions[J].Steel Research International,2017,88(11):1-12. DOI:10.1002/srin.201700066.
[14] JIANG L, BAO Y W, HU X F, et al. Experimental investigation on BOF slag oxidation in air[J]. Ironmaking&Steelmaking,2018,(1):1-8. DOI:10.1080/03019233.2017.1410945.
[15] CHEN Y, JIANG L, YANG Q, et al. Identification of Fe-containing phase in oxidation process of BOF slag[J]. Key Engineering Materials,2017,726:564-568. DOI:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.726.564.
[16] DARKEN L, GURRY R. The system iron-oxygen. I. The wustite field and related equilibria[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society,1945,67(8):1398-1412. DOI:10.1021/ja01224a050.
[17]李建新.高温重构对钢渣组成,结构与性能影响的研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2011.
[18] JIANG L, BAO Y W, CHEN Y H, et al. Kinetics of the oxidation modification process of Ca O-Si O2-Fe O-Mg O slag[J]. Material Review B:Research,2017,32(2):650-671.
[19] YADAV U, PANDEY B, DAS B, et al. Influence of magnesia on sintering characteristics of iron ore[J]. Ironmaking&Steelmaking,2013,29(2):91-95. DOI:10.1179/030192302225002018.
[20] SHU Q F, LIU Y. Effects of basicity, Mg O and Mn O on mineralogical phases of Ca O-Fe O?-Si O2-P2O5 slag[J]. Ironmaking&Steelmaking,2017,45(4):1-8. DOI:10.1080/03019233.2016.1274463.
[21]史长亮,张兵豪,张义顺,等.微粉钢渣磁性质及干式磁选试验研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2015,35(7):44-47.
[22]谢建宏,李慧.转炉废渣中铁的再选回收利用研究[J].现代矿业,2010(3):50-52.
[23]鲁慧慧.转炉钢渣回收铁试验研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2010.
[24] LI C, SUN H, BAI J, et al. Innovative methodology for comprehensive utilization of iron ore tailings:Part 1. The recovery of iron from iron ore tailings using magnetic separation after magnetizing roasting[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,174(1):71-77.DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.018.
[25] WANG D Y, JIANG M F, LIU C J, et al. Enrichment of Fe-containing phases and recovery of iron and its oxides by magnetic separation from BOF slags[J]. Steel Research International,2012,83(2):189-196. DOI:10.1002/srin.201100216.
[26] DIAO J, XIE B, JI C, et al. Growth of spinel crystals in vanadium slag and their characterization[J]. Crystal Research&Technology,2009,44(7):707-712. DOI:10.1002/crat.200900131.
[27]沈威,黄文熙,闵盘荣.水泥工艺学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1986.