不同危害状态下寄主山核桃挥发物成分的比较及桑天牛对其组分的GC-EAD和行为反应
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摘要
【目的】挖掘能影响桑天牛Apriona germari行为反应的山核桃Juglans mandshurica挥发物,为筛选桑天牛的植物源引诱剂或驱避剂提供理论依据。【方法】采用动态顶空套袋法收集不同危害状态[健康(CK)以及桑天牛取食、产卵和钻蛀危害]下山核桃释放的挥发物,并利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)、气相色谱-触角电位测量系统(GC-EAD)及Y型嗅觉仪分析鉴定出桑天牛成虫对其产生电生理及行为反应的挥发物。【结果】不同危害状态下山核桃释放的挥发物皆以萜烯类和芳香族化合物居多,且有多种成分相对含量存在显著性差异,其中每种危害状态下山核桃释放的挥发物都有一种或几种特有的成分。桑天牛成虫仅对不同危害状态下山核桃释放的蒎烯、乙酸叶醇酯、壬醛、α-萜品醇、丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯及正十六烷6种挥发物产生显著的电生理反应,对其他挥发物无反应,其中雌成虫对壬醛的电生理反应最强,而雄成虫对乙酸叶醇酯的电生理反应最强。嗅觉反应结果显示,丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯仅对桑天牛雌成虫有显著的引诱作用(P<0.05),而乙酸叶醇酯则仅对雄成虫有极显著的引诱作用(P<0.01);壬醛对桑天牛雌雄成虫均有显著的引诱作用(P<0.05),而α-萜品醇则对其有显著的驱避作用(P<0.05)。【结论】本研究结果表明,乙酸叶醇酯、壬醛和丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯对桑天牛成虫有较强的引诱作用,而α-萜品醇则对其有较好的驱避作用。
【Aim】This study aims to explore the volatiles from the host plant Juglans mandshurica,which affect the behavioral response of the brown mulberry longhorn beetle Apriona germari,and to provide a theoretical basis for screening plant-originated attractants or repellents of this insect.【Methods】Volatiles released from J. mandshurica in different damaged states [healthy( CK),and feeding,oviposition and boring damage by A. germari] were collected by using dynamic headspace adsorption,and those causing electrophysiological and behavioral responses in A. germari were identifiedby gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS),gas chromatography-electrophysiological antennal detecting system( GC-EAD) and Y-tube olfactometer. 【Results】In different damaged states,the main volatiles released from J. mandshurica included terpenes and aromatic compounds, and significant differences existed in the relative contents of several components of them. There were one or several unique volatile components in each damaged state. However,A. germari adults only had significant electrophysiological responses to six volatiles, including( 1 R)-( +)-alpha-pinene, cis-3-hexenyl acetate,nonanal,α-terpineol,2-ethylhexyl acrylate and hexadecane,but had no responses to the other volatiles. Female adults had the strongest electrophysiological responses to nonanal,while male adults had the strongest electrophysiological responses to cis-3-hexenyl acetate. The olfactory reaction showed that 2-ethylhexyl acrylate had a significant attractivity to the female adults of A. germari( P < 0. 05),while cis-3-hexenyl acetate had an extremely significant attractivity to the male adults( P < 0. 01). And nonanal had a significant attractivity to both female and male adults( P < 0. 05),while α-terpineol had a significant repellent activity to them( P < 0. 05). 【Conclusion】These results indicate that cis-3-hexenyl acetate,nonanal and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate show strong attractivity to A. germari adults,while α-terpineol shows good repellent activity.
【Aim】This study aims to explore the volatiles from the host plant Juglans mandshurica,which affect the behavioral response of the brown mulberry longhorn beetle Apriona germari,and to provide a theoretical basis for screening plant-originated attractants or repellents of this insect.【Methods】Volatiles released from J. mandshurica in different damaged states [healthy( CK),and feeding,oviposition and boring damage by A. germari] were collected by using dynamic headspace adsorption,and those causing electrophysiological and behavioral responses in A. germari were identifiedby gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS),gas chromatography-electrophysiological antennal detecting system( GC-EAD) and Y-tube olfactometer. 【Results】In different damaged states,the main volatiles released from J. mandshurica included terpenes and aromatic compounds, and significant differences existed in the relative contents of several components of them. There were one or several unique volatile components in each damaged state. However,A. germari adults only had significant electrophysiological responses to six volatiles, including( 1 R)-( +)-alpha-pinene, cis-3-hexenyl acetate,nonanal,α-terpineol,2-ethylhexyl acrylate and hexadecane,but had no responses to the other volatiles. Female adults had the strongest electrophysiological responses to nonanal,while male adults had the strongest electrophysiological responses to cis-3-hexenyl acetate. The olfactory reaction showed that 2-ethylhexyl acrylate had a significant attractivity to the female adults of A. germari( P < 0. 05),while cis-3-hexenyl acetate had an extremely significant attractivity to the male adults( P < 0. 01). And nonanal had a significant attractivity to both female and male adults( P < 0. 05),while α-terpineol had a significant repellent activity to them( P < 0. 05). 【Conclusion】These results indicate that cis-3-hexenyl acetate,nonanal and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate show strong attractivity to A. germari adults,while α-terpineol shows good repellent activity.
引文
Allison JD,Borden JH,Seybold SJ,2004.A review of the chemical ecology of the Cerambycidae(Coleoptera).Chemoecology,14(3-4):123-150.
Allison JD,Carde RT,2008.Male pheromone blend preference function measured in choice and no-choice wind tunnel trials with almond moths,Cadra cautella.Anim.Behav.,75(1):259-266.
Barata EN,Mustaparta H,Pickentt JA,Wadhams LJ,Araujo J,2002.Encoding of host and non-host plant odours by receptor neurons in the eucalyptus woodborer,Phoracantha semipunctata(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae).J.Comp.Physiol.,188(2):121-133.
Bertschy C,Turlings TCJ,Bellotti AC,Dorn AS,1997.Chemicallymediated attraction of three parasitoid species to mealybug-infested cassava leaves.Fla.Entomol.,80(3):383-395.
Bi YG,Guo L,Wang ZG,Lv F,Yan AH,2017.Electroantennogram and behavioral responses of Apriona germari to five plant volatiles and their mixtures.Sci.Sericult.,43(1):32-38.[毕拥国,郭丽,王志刚,吕飞,阎爱华,2017.桑天牛对5种植物源挥发性化合物及其混合物的触角电位和行为反应.蚕业科学,43(1):32-38]
Chen YW,Shen JJ,Ye HL,Zhu TJ,2015.Comparison and analysis of volatile substances in leaves of Carya illinoensis and C.cathayensis.J.Zhejiang For.Sci.Technol.,35(2):8-12.[陈友吾,沈建军,叶华琳,朱汤军,2015.美国山核桃与山核桃叶片挥发物的比较和分析.浙江林业科技,35(2):8-12]
Hern A,Dorn S,2004.A female-specific attractant for the codling moth,Cydia pomonella,from apple fruit volatiles.Naturwissenschaften,91(2):77-80.
Li JQ,Fan H,Jin YJ,2003.Behavior response of Anoplophora glabripennis(Motsh.)to the mechanical-wounded and herbivore-fed Acer negundo L.J.Beijing For.Univ.,25(5):42-46.[李继泉,樊慧,金幼菊,2003.光肩星天牛对损伤后复叶槭植株的行为反应.北京林业大学学报,25(5):42-46]
Müller C,Hilker M,2000.The effect of a green leaf volatile on host plant finding by larvae of herbivorous insect.Naturwissenschafen,87(5):216-219.
Ngumbi E,Chen L,Fadamiro HY,2009.Comparative GC-EADresponses of a specialist(Microplitis croceipes)and a generalist(Cotesia marginiventris)parasitoid to cotton volatiles induced by two caterpillar species.J.Chem.Ecol.,35(9):1009-1020.
Ning T,Fan JT,Fang YL,Sun JH,2006.Change incontent of host volatile terpene under different damaged states and eletroantennogram response of Monochamus alternatus Hope to these volatiles.Acta Entomol.Sin.,49(2):179-188.[宁眺,樊建庭,方宇凌,孙江华,2006.不同危害状态下寄主萜烯类挥发物含量的变化及松墨天牛对其组分的触角电位反应.昆虫学报,49(2):179-188]
ParéPW,Tumlinson JH,1999.Plant volatiles as a defense against insect herbivores.Plant Physiol.,121(2):325-331.
Pichersky E,Gershenzon J,2002.The formation and function of plant volatiles:perfumes for pollinator attraction and defense.Curr.Opin.Plant Biol.,5(3):237-243.
Tooker JH,Crumrin AL,Hanks LM,2005.Plant volatiles are behavioral cues for adult females of the gall wasp Antistrophus rufus.Chemoecology,15(2):85-88.
Wang BX,Yang H,Yang W,Yang CP,Cai Y,Zhou M,He XH,2014.EAG and behavioral responses of Batocera lineolata Chevrolat(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)to ten plant volatiles.Chin.J.Appl.Entomol.,51(2):481-489.[王保新,杨桦,杨伟,杨春平,蔡艳,周梦,何晓华,2014.云斑天牛对10种植物挥发物的EAG和行为反应.应用昆虫学报,51(2):481-489]
Wang HW,Yang W,Yang H,Yang CP,Zhu XQ,Liu FJ,Jiang LH,Shan CY,2014.Electroantennogram and behavioral responses of Tomicus minor(Hartig)(Coleoptera:Scolytidae)to plant volatiles.Chin.J.Ecol.,33(5):1260-1266.[王红伟,杨伟,杨桦,杨春平,朱晓庆,刘峰建,蒋丽华,山春燕,2014.横坑切梢小蠹对植物挥发物的电生理和行为反应.生态学杂志,33(5):1260-1266]
Williams L,Rodriguez-Saona C,Castle SC,Zhu S,2008.EAG-active herbivore-induced plant volatiles modify behavioral responses and host attack by an egg parasitoid.J.Chem.Ecol.,34(9):1190-1201.
Wu SR,Zhang SY,Xiong GR,Hu CH,Xiao C,2012.Analysis of volatile constituents in pine logs from Pinus yunnanensis under different physiological states.J.Northeast For.Univ.,40(10):115-119.[伍苏然,张淑颖,熊国如,胡纯华,肖春,2012.不同生理状态云南松木段挥发物化学成分比较.东北林业大学学报,40(10):115-119]
Yan SC,Zhang DD,Chi DF,2003.Advances of studies on the effects of plant volatiles on insect behavior.Chin.J.Appl.Ecol.,14(2):310-313.[严善春,张丹丹,迟德福,2003.植物挥发物对昆虫作用的研究进展.应用生态学报,14(2):310-313]
Yang H,Yang W,Yang MF,Yang CP,Yang LG,Xutang XK,2011.Diurnal rhythm of Viburnum odoratissinum and Betula luminifera volatiles and electroantennogram response of Batocera horsfieldi.Chin.J.Appl.Ecol.,22(2):357-363.[杨桦,杨伟,杨茂发,杨春平,杨令国,徐唐鑫科,2011.法国冬青和光皮桦挥发物日节律及云斑天牛的触角电位反应.应用生态学报,22(2):357-363]
Yang H,Yang W,Liang XY,Yang MF,Yang CP,Zhu TH,Wu XL,2011.The EAG and behavioral responses of Batocera horsfieldi(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)to the composition of volatiles.J.Kansas Entomol.Soc.,84(3):217-231.
Yang H,Yang W,Yang MF,Yang CP,Zhu TH,Huang Q,2010.Effects of plant volatiles on the EAG and behavioral responses of Batocera horsfieldi Hope(Coleopter:Cerambycidae).J.Agric.Urban Entomol.,27(1):20-32.
Zhang DY,Liu JD,Wang JY,Zhu N,Xu HC,Fan JT,2016.Two plant compound lures for trapping Batocera horsfieldi(Hope)in the field.Chin.J.Appl.Entomol.,53(4):856-863.[张冬勇,柳建定,王菊英,朱宁,徐华潮,樊建庭,2016.两种对云斑天牛有林间诱捕效果的植物源物质.应用昆虫学报,53(4):856-863]
Zhang DY,Zhou SY,Zhu N,Fan JT,2017.Damage investigation and an identification method for different species of Carya cathayensis longhorned beetles.J.Zhejiang A&F Univ.,34(1):42-49.[张冬勇,周书永,朱宁,樊建庭,2017.山核桃天牛危害调查及种类的鉴别方法.浙江农林大学学报,34(1):42-49]
Zhang L,Wang BD,Xu ZC,2011.Volatile constituents of four moraceous host plants of Apriona germari.Acta Ecol.Sin.,31(24):7479-7485.[张琳,Wang BD,许志春,2011.桑科中4种桑天牛寄主植物的挥发物成分研究.生态学报,31(24):7479-7485]
Zhu N,Zhang DY,Wu LP,Hu Q,Fan JT,2017.Attractiveness of aggregation pheromones and host plant volatiles to Anoplophora glabripennis and A.chinensis(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae).Acta Entomol.Sin.,60(4):421-430.[朱宁,张冬勇,吴利平,胡琴,樊建庭,2017.聚集信息素和寄主植物挥发物对光肩星天牛和星天牛的引诱作用.昆虫学报,60(4):421-430]
Zhuo ZH,Yang W,Xu DP,Yang CP,Yang H,Liu CS,2016.Volatile components in bark and leaf of host plants Juglans regia L.of Batocera lineolata Chevrolat.J.Northwest A&F Univ.(Nat.Sci.Ed.),44(5):205-214.[卓志航,杨伟,徐丹萍,杨春平,杨桦,刘臣山,2016.云斑天牛寄主核桃树皮及树叶的挥发物.西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),44(5):205-214]
Allison JD,Carde RT,2008.Male pheromone blend preference function measured in choice and no-choice wind tunnel trials with almond moths,Cadra cautella.Anim.Behav.,75(1):259-266.
Barata EN,Mustaparta H,Pickentt JA,Wadhams LJ,Araujo J,2002.Encoding of host and non-host plant odours by receptor neurons in the eucalyptus woodborer,Phoracantha semipunctata(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae).J.Comp.Physiol.,188(2):121-133.
Bertschy C,Turlings TCJ,Bellotti AC,Dorn AS,1997.Chemicallymediated attraction of three parasitoid species to mealybug-infested cassava leaves.Fla.Entomol.,80(3):383-395.
Bi YG,Guo L,Wang ZG,Lv F,Yan AH,2017.Electroantennogram and behavioral responses of Apriona germari to five plant volatiles and their mixtures.Sci.Sericult.,43(1):32-38.[毕拥国,郭丽,王志刚,吕飞,阎爱华,2017.桑天牛对5种植物源挥发性化合物及其混合物的触角电位和行为反应.蚕业科学,43(1):32-38]
Chen YW,Shen JJ,Ye HL,Zhu TJ,2015.Comparison and analysis of volatile substances in leaves of Carya illinoensis and C.cathayensis.J.Zhejiang For.Sci.Technol.,35(2):8-12.[陈友吾,沈建军,叶华琳,朱汤军,2015.美国山核桃与山核桃叶片挥发物的比较和分析.浙江林业科技,35(2):8-12]
Hern A,Dorn S,2004.A female-specific attractant for the codling moth,Cydia pomonella,from apple fruit volatiles.Naturwissenschaften,91(2):77-80.
Li JQ,Fan H,Jin YJ,2003.Behavior response of Anoplophora glabripennis(Motsh.)to the mechanical-wounded and herbivore-fed Acer negundo L.J.Beijing For.Univ.,25(5):42-46.[李继泉,樊慧,金幼菊,2003.光肩星天牛对损伤后复叶槭植株的行为反应.北京林业大学学报,25(5):42-46]
Müller C,Hilker M,2000.The effect of a green leaf volatile on host plant finding by larvae of herbivorous insect.Naturwissenschafen,87(5):216-219.
Ngumbi E,Chen L,Fadamiro HY,2009.Comparative GC-EADresponses of a specialist(Microplitis croceipes)and a generalist(Cotesia marginiventris)parasitoid to cotton volatiles induced by two caterpillar species.J.Chem.Ecol.,35(9):1009-1020.
Ning T,Fan JT,Fang YL,Sun JH,2006.Change incontent of host volatile terpene under different damaged states and eletroantennogram response of Monochamus alternatus Hope to these volatiles.Acta Entomol.Sin.,49(2):179-188.[宁眺,樊建庭,方宇凌,孙江华,2006.不同危害状态下寄主萜烯类挥发物含量的变化及松墨天牛对其组分的触角电位反应.昆虫学报,49(2):179-188]
ParéPW,Tumlinson JH,1999.Plant volatiles as a defense against insect herbivores.Plant Physiol.,121(2):325-331.
Pichersky E,Gershenzon J,2002.The formation and function of plant volatiles:perfumes for pollinator attraction and defense.Curr.Opin.Plant Biol.,5(3):237-243.
Tooker JH,Crumrin AL,Hanks LM,2005.Plant volatiles are behavioral cues for adult females of the gall wasp Antistrophus rufus.Chemoecology,15(2):85-88.
Wang BX,Yang H,Yang W,Yang CP,Cai Y,Zhou M,He XH,2014.EAG and behavioral responses of Batocera lineolata Chevrolat(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)to ten plant volatiles.Chin.J.Appl.Entomol.,51(2):481-489.[王保新,杨桦,杨伟,杨春平,蔡艳,周梦,何晓华,2014.云斑天牛对10种植物挥发物的EAG和行为反应.应用昆虫学报,51(2):481-489]
Wang HW,Yang W,Yang H,Yang CP,Zhu XQ,Liu FJ,Jiang LH,Shan CY,2014.Electroantennogram and behavioral responses of Tomicus minor(Hartig)(Coleoptera:Scolytidae)to plant volatiles.Chin.J.Ecol.,33(5):1260-1266.[王红伟,杨伟,杨桦,杨春平,朱晓庆,刘峰建,蒋丽华,山春燕,2014.横坑切梢小蠹对植物挥发物的电生理和行为反应.生态学杂志,33(5):1260-1266]
Williams L,Rodriguez-Saona C,Castle SC,Zhu S,2008.EAG-active herbivore-induced plant volatiles modify behavioral responses and host attack by an egg parasitoid.J.Chem.Ecol.,34(9):1190-1201.
Wu SR,Zhang SY,Xiong GR,Hu CH,Xiao C,2012.Analysis of volatile constituents in pine logs from Pinus yunnanensis under different physiological states.J.Northeast For.Univ.,40(10):115-119.[伍苏然,张淑颖,熊国如,胡纯华,肖春,2012.不同生理状态云南松木段挥发物化学成分比较.东北林业大学学报,40(10):115-119]
Yan SC,Zhang DD,Chi DF,2003.Advances of studies on the effects of plant volatiles on insect behavior.Chin.J.Appl.Ecol.,14(2):310-313.[严善春,张丹丹,迟德福,2003.植物挥发物对昆虫作用的研究进展.应用生态学报,14(2):310-313]
Yang H,Yang W,Yang MF,Yang CP,Yang LG,Xutang XK,2011.Diurnal rhythm of Viburnum odoratissinum and Betula luminifera volatiles and electroantennogram response of Batocera horsfieldi.Chin.J.Appl.Ecol.,22(2):357-363.[杨桦,杨伟,杨茂发,杨春平,杨令国,徐唐鑫科,2011.法国冬青和光皮桦挥发物日节律及云斑天牛的触角电位反应.应用生态学报,22(2):357-363]
Yang H,Yang W,Liang XY,Yang MF,Yang CP,Zhu TH,Wu XL,2011.The EAG and behavioral responses of Batocera horsfieldi(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)to the composition of volatiles.J.Kansas Entomol.Soc.,84(3):217-231.
Yang H,Yang W,Yang MF,Yang CP,Zhu TH,Huang Q,2010.Effects of plant volatiles on the EAG and behavioral responses of Batocera horsfieldi Hope(Coleopter:Cerambycidae).J.Agric.Urban Entomol.,27(1):20-32.
Zhang DY,Liu JD,Wang JY,Zhu N,Xu HC,Fan JT,2016.Two plant compound lures for trapping Batocera horsfieldi(Hope)in the field.Chin.J.Appl.Entomol.,53(4):856-863.[张冬勇,柳建定,王菊英,朱宁,徐华潮,樊建庭,2016.两种对云斑天牛有林间诱捕效果的植物源物质.应用昆虫学报,53(4):856-863]
Zhang DY,Zhou SY,Zhu N,Fan JT,2017.Damage investigation and an identification method for different species of Carya cathayensis longhorned beetles.J.Zhejiang A&F Univ.,34(1):42-49.[张冬勇,周书永,朱宁,樊建庭,2017.山核桃天牛危害调查及种类的鉴别方法.浙江农林大学学报,34(1):42-49]
Zhang L,Wang BD,Xu ZC,2011.Volatile constituents of four moraceous host plants of Apriona germari.Acta Ecol.Sin.,31(24):7479-7485.[张琳,Wang BD,许志春,2011.桑科中4种桑天牛寄主植物的挥发物成分研究.生态学报,31(24):7479-7485]
Zhu N,Zhang DY,Wu LP,Hu Q,Fan JT,2017.Attractiveness of aggregation pheromones and host plant volatiles to Anoplophora glabripennis and A.chinensis(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae).Acta Entomol.Sin.,60(4):421-430.[朱宁,张冬勇,吴利平,胡琴,樊建庭,2017.聚集信息素和寄主植物挥发物对光肩星天牛和星天牛的引诱作用.昆虫学报,60(4):421-430]
Zhuo ZH,Yang W,Xu DP,Yang CP,Yang H,Liu CS,2016.Volatile components in bark and leaf of host plants Juglans regia L.of Batocera lineolata Chevrolat.J.Northwest A&F Univ.(Nat.Sci.Ed.),44(5):205-214.[卓志航,杨伟,徐丹萍,杨春平,杨桦,刘臣山,2016.云斑天牛寄主核桃树皮及树叶的挥发物.西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),44(5):205-214]