添加γ-聚谷氨酸对膜孔灌自由入渗特性的影响
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摘要
为揭示γ-PGA施量配比对膜孔灌单点源自由入渗条件下土壤水分入渗特性的影响,通过对不同γ-PGA施量配比(0%、0.1%、0.5%、1%)的膜孔单点源自由入渗试验,研究了γ-PGA施量配比对入渗率、稳定入渗率、累积入渗量、土壤含水率分布、入渗湿润体的影响。研究结果表明:不同γ-PGA施量配比的膜孔灌自由入渗仍符合Kostiakov土壤水分入渗模型,且入渗速率明显降低,稳定入渗率从0.47 cm/min递减到0.15 cm/min,减小率达68%;γ-PGA施量配比对垂直湿润锋的运移特性影响最为明显,且垂直湿润锋入渗时间t与运移距离RX符合RX=D/2+EtF模型;γ-PGA施量配比对湿润体的含水率分布影响显著,处理组在距离膜孔中心10 cm范围内土壤湿润体相应层位的含水率明显高于对照组,且随着γ-PGA施量的增加土壤含水率明显增大;但是在10 cm以下区域,湿润体各层的含水率变化则与之呈相反趋势。该研究成果可以作为以后研究入渗规律和膜孔灌技术的参考。
To reveal the effect of γ-PGA application rate on the characteristics of single-point free soil waterinfiltration under film hole irrigation, infiltration experiment of different amounts of γ-PGA(0%, 0.1%, 0.5%and 1%) was carried out, the effects of γ-PGA on infiltration rate, stable infiltration rate, cumulativeinfiltration rate, soil moisture distribution and infiltration wetting body were studied. The results showed thatthe free infiltration under γ-PGA application was in accordance with the Kostiakov model of soil waterinfiltration, and the infiltration rate decreased obviously, the stable infiltration rate decreased from 0.47 cm/min to 0.15 cm/min, and the reduction rate reached 68%. The effect of γ-PGA amount on the migrationcharacteristics of vertical wetting front was the most obvious, and vertical wetting front migration distance RX and infiltration time t accorded with the RX=D/2 + EtFmodel. The influence of γ-PGA on the moisturedistribution of wetting body was obvious and the moisture content of wetting body in the 10 cm range of thecenter of film hole was significantly higher than that of CK, and increased with the increase of γ-PGA dosage,but water content change of each treatment layer was the opposite below 10 cm. The research results couldprovide reference for the future study of film hole infiltration.
To reveal the effect of γ-PGA application rate on the characteristics of single-point free soil waterinfiltration under film hole irrigation, infiltration experiment of different amounts of γ-PGA(0%, 0.1%, 0.5%and 1%) was carried out, the effects of γ-PGA on infiltration rate, stable infiltration rate, cumulativeinfiltration rate, soil moisture distribution and infiltration wetting body were studied. The results showed thatthe free infiltration under γ-PGA application was in accordance with the Kostiakov model of soil waterinfiltration, and the infiltration rate decreased obviously, the stable infiltration rate decreased from 0.47 cm/min to 0.15 cm/min, and the reduction rate reached 68%. The effect of γ-PGA amount on the migrationcharacteristics of vertical wetting front was the most obvious, and vertical wetting front migration distance RX and infiltration time t accorded with the RX=D/2 + EtFmodel. The influence of γ-PGA on the moisturedistribution of wetting body was obvious and the moisture content of wetting body in the 10 cm range of thecenter of film hole was significantly higher than that of CK, and increased with the increase of γ-PGA dosage,but water content change of each treatment layer was the opposite below 10 cm. The research results couldprovide reference for the future study of film hole infiltration.
引文
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[7]Lim S M,Kim J,Shim J Y,et al.Effect of poly-γ-glutamic acids(PGA)on oil uptake and sensory quality in doughnuts[J].Food Science and Biotechnology,2012,21(1):247-252.
[8]费良军,程东娟,雷雁斌,等.膜孔灌单点源入渗特性与数学模型研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2007(05):212-216.
[9]李卓,吴普特,冯浩,等.容重对土壤水分入渗能力影响模拟试验[J].农业工程学报,2009(06):40-45.
[10]吴军虎,陶汪海,王海洋,等.羧甲基纤维素钠对土壤团粒结构及水分运动特性的影响[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(2):117-123.
[11]张富仓,李继成,雷艳,等.保水剂对土壤保水持肥特性的影响研究[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2010,18(1):120-128.
[12]Furman A,Warrick A W,Zerihun D,et al.Modified Kostiakov Infiltration Function:Accounting for Initial and Boundary Conditions[J].Journal of Irrigation&Drainage Engineering,2006,132(6):587-596.
[13]白文,李茂松,赵虹瑞,等.保水剂对土壤积水入渗特征的影响[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(24):5055-5062.
[14]谭帅,周蓓蓓,王全九.纳米碳对扰动黄绵土水分入渗过程的影响[J].土壤学报,2014(2):263-269.
[15]王全九.土壤溶质迁移理论研究进展[J].灌溉排水学报,2005,24(3):77-80.
[2]王锦辉,费良军.不同膜孔直径的浑水膜孔灌单向交汇入渗特性[J].水土保持学报,2016(01):184-188.
[3]吴军虎,费良军,王文焰.膜孔灌溉单孔入渗特性研究[J].水科学进展,2001(03):307-311.
[4]史文娟,梁嘉平,陶汪海,等.添加γ-聚谷氨酸减少土壤水分深层渗漏提高持水能力[J].农业工程学报,2015(23):94-100.
[5]Cesaro A D,Silva S B D,Silva V Z D,et al.Physico-chemical and rheological characterization of poly-gamma-glutamic acid produced by a new strain of Bacillus subtilis[J].European Polymer Journal,2014,57:91-98.
[6]Inbaraj B S,Chen B H.Dye adsorption characteristics of magnetite nanoparticles coated with a biopolymer poly(γ-glutamic acid)[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(19):8868.
[7]Lim S M,Kim J,Shim J Y,et al.Effect of poly-γ-glutamic acids(PGA)on oil uptake and sensory quality in doughnuts[J].Food Science and Biotechnology,2012,21(1):247-252.
[8]费良军,程东娟,雷雁斌,等.膜孔灌单点源入渗特性与数学模型研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2007(05):212-216.
[9]李卓,吴普特,冯浩,等.容重对土壤水分入渗能力影响模拟试验[J].农业工程学报,2009(06):40-45.
[10]吴军虎,陶汪海,王海洋,等.羧甲基纤维素钠对土壤团粒结构及水分运动特性的影响[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(2):117-123.
[11]张富仓,李继成,雷艳,等.保水剂对土壤保水持肥特性的影响研究[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2010,18(1):120-128.
[12]Furman A,Warrick A W,Zerihun D,et al.Modified Kostiakov Infiltration Function:Accounting for Initial and Boundary Conditions[J].Journal of Irrigation&Drainage Engineering,2006,132(6):587-596.
[13]白文,李茂松,赵虹瑞,等.保水剂对土壤积水入渗特征的影响[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(24):5055-5062.
[14]谭帅,周蓓蓓,王全九.纳米碳对扰动黄绵土水分入渗过程的影响[J].土壤学报,2014(2):263-269.
[15]王全九.土壤溶质迁移理论研究进展[J].灌溉排水学报,2005,24(3):77-80.