枇杷叶围微生物分离及灰斑病菌拮抗菌筛选
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摘要
从健康"解放钟"枇杷叶上分离采集微生物,以筛选枇杷灰斑病拮抗菌。结果表明:在枇杷的叶围微生物中,细菌占74%以上,属优势菌群,其次是真菌,放线菌比例最少;微生物总量的季节变化趋势是春季>夏季>秋季。其中XI-6和XI-8两菌株对灰斑病病原菌菌丝生长及孢子萌发均有较强抑制作用,经鉴定两菌株为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)。
The microbes were isolated from healthy leaves of Eriobotrya japonica Lindl to screen out antagonistic bacteria to Pestalotia eriobotrifolia.The results showed that:more than 74 percent of total microorganism in phyllosphere microbes is bacteria which is the preponderant community.The amount of fungi was in the next place and actinomyces was the least.The total amount of microbes changed in the trend of spring > summer> autumn.Among them,the strains of XI-6 and XI-8 were found to have significant inhibitive effects to the growth of pathogens and the spore germination.These two strains were identified as Bacillus.
The microbes were isolated from healthy leaves of Eriobotrya japonica Lindl to screen out antagonistic bacteria to Pestalotia eriobotrifolia.The results showed that:more than 74 percent of total microorganism in phyllosphere microbes is bacteria which is the preponderant community.The amount of fungi was in the next place and actinomyces was the least.The total amount of microbes changed in the trend of spring > summer> autumn.Among them,the strains of XI-6 and XI-8 were found to have significant inhibitive effects to the growth of pathogens and the spore germination.These two strains were identified as Bacillus.
引文
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[2]赵新华,陈卫良,李德葆.白叶枯病菌拮抗菌筛选及水稻叶围微生物互作研究初报[J].中国水稻科学,2000,14(3):161-164.
[3]郑义.黑皮油松叶围微生物及抑菌作用研究[J].吉林农业,2011(10):57.
[4]王振跃,汪敏,高书锋,等.温室黄瓜叶部微生物区系[J].生态学杂志,2008(3):425-428.
[5]邱立友,赵铭钦,岳雪梅,等.自然发酵烤烟叶面微生物区系的分离鉴定[J].烟草科技,2000(3):14-17.
[6]张庆,冷怀琼,朱继熹.苹果叶面附生微生物区系及其有益菌的研究I:叶面附生微生物区系的初步研究[J].四川农业大学学报,1996,14(2):157-161.
[7]王维香,文成敬.油菜花瓣附生真菌区系及对核盘菌拮抗作用的研究[J].华南农业大学学报,2004,25(4):16-19.
[8]颜群.枇杷果实病害及防腐保鲜[J].广西热带农业,2001(4):16-18.
[9]黄志明.枇杷果实采后生理与贮藏保鲜[J].莆田学院学报,2003,10(3):26-29.
[10]沈萍,陈向东.微生物学实验[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2007:51-55.
[11]蔡平,包立军,相入丽,等.中国枇杷主要病害发生规律及综合防治[J].中国南方果树,2005(3):47-50.
[12]靳小刚,缑继斌,朱建兰.不同生态条件下葡萄叶部微生物区系分析[J].植物保护,2010(3):106-109.