机械搅拌速度对硫酸体系下铜电沉积效果的影响
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摘要
采用机械搅拌方式,模拟旋流电解状态,在不同铜离子浓度条件下,研究了转速对铜电沉积效率、表面形态及微观形貌的影响。结果表明,铜离子浓度高于0.13 mol/L时,形成的铜沉积产品光滑平整、均匀致密;铜离子浓度低于0.07 mol/L时,易形成粉状产品。一定的转速(50～150 r/min)可以提高铜的电沉积效率,铜的电沉积效率可达到99%;随着转速升高,低浓度条件下的电沉积产品由粉末状变成片状,铜沉积结构会变得更为紧密;循环伏安曲线表明,不同转速条件下铜的沉积峰发生偏移。
Influence of agitation speed on copper electrowinning efficiency, surface morphology and microstructure under different copper ion concentration with mechanical agitation was studied by simulating cyclone electrolysis. The results showed that with the copper ion concentration higher than 0.13 mol/L, the electrowon copper was uniform and compacted with a smooth surface. While with the copper ion concentration lower than 0.07 mol/L, the resulted product was prone to be powdered. A certain rotating speed(50～150 r/min) could increase the copper electrowinning efficiency, up to 99%. With the increase of the rotating speed, the electrowon metal under low concentration conditions changed from copper powder to copper flake, and the electrowon copper had more compact structure. The cyclic voltammetry curve showed that the potential for the reduction peak shifted toward to the direction of positive value at different rotating speed.
Influence of agitation speed on copper electrowinning efficiency, surface morphology and microstructure under different copper ion concentration with mechanical agitation was studied by simulating cyclone electrolysis. The results showed that with the copper ion concentration higher than 0.13 mol/L, the electrowon copper was uniform and compacted with a smooth surface. While with the copper ion concentration lower than 0.07 mol/L, the resulted product was prone to be powdered. A certain rotating speed(50～150 r/min) could increase the copper electrowinning efficiency, up to 99%. With the increase of the rotating speed, the electrowon metal under low concentration conditions changed from copper powder to copper flake, and the electrowon copper had more compact structure. The cyclic voltammetry curve showed that the potential for the reduction peak shifted toward to the direction of positive value at different rotating speed.
引文
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[14] 辜敏,吴亚珍.酸性镀铜添加剂对电沉积循环伏安曲线成核环的影响[J].材料保护,2016,49(9):19-22.
[15] 鲁道荣.杂质在铜电解精炼中的电化学行为[J].有色金属工程,2002,54(4):51-52.
[2] 张庆喜.微蚀刻废液资源化研究[D].南宁:广西大学资源环境与材料学院,2012.
[3] 赖少弼,陈鹏,朱少杰.利用废蚀刻液生产碱式氯化铜产品铜含量的影响因素[J].广东化工,2013,40(3):35-36.
[4] 罗新辉,汤明坤,谭丽霞.印制电路板制造行业废液资源化初探[J].印制电路信息,2003(12):54-55.
[5] 夏海波.金川二冶炼厂含铜镍钴废水治理研究[D].长沙:中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,2004.
[6] 杨秋菊.湿法炼铜中铜萃余液和浸出液高效处理技术研究[D].长沙:中南大学冶金科学与工程学院,2012.
[7] 吴在玖.含铜难处理金精矿铜萃取回收工艺研究[J].有色冶金设计与研究,2013,34(2):15-17.
[8] 傅开彬,董发勤,陈道前,等.四川某低品位尾矿中铜、锌硫化物生物浸出研究[J].矿冶工程,2017,37(1):81-84.
[9] Panda B,Das S C.Electrowinning of copper from sulfate electrolyte in presence of sulfurous acid[J].Hydrometallurgy,2001,59(1):55-67.
[10] 赵丽萍.比较传统电积脱铜和旋流电解脱铜工艺的优劣[J].中国化工贸易,2015(2):170.
[11] Shakarji R A,He Y,Gregory S.Statistical analysis of the effect of operating parameters on acid mist generation in copper electrowinning[J].Hydrometallurgy,2011,106(1):113-118.
[12] 苏涛.废旧印刷线路板细菌浸出液中铜的电沉积回收研究[D].绵阳:西南科技大学环境与资源学院,2016.
[13] 张海宝,陈耿涛,章小兵,等.提高铜电积电流效率的方法与实践[J].有色冶金设计与研究,2017(5):24-26.
[14] 辜敏,吴亚珍.酸性镀铜添加剂对电沉积循环伏安曲线成核环的影响[J].材料保护,2016,49(9):19-22.
[15] 鲁道荣.杂质在铜电解精炼中的电化学行为[J].有色金属工程,2002,54(4):51-52.