3种不同地下茎形态竹子的氮含量及积累特性
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摘要
以浙江省典型的散生型高节竹(Phyllostachys prominens)、混生型苦竹(Pleioblastus amarus)和丛生型绿竹(Dendrocalamopsis oldhami)为研究对象,对其植株氮含量及其在不同器官间(叶、枝、秆)的分配进行研究。结果表明,3种竹子不同器官的氮含量均表现为叶>枝>秆,各器官氮含量均随着竹龄的增大而下降;3年生叶片氮含量绿竹显著大于高节竹、苦竹(P<0.05);秆中氮含量表现为绿竹>苦竹>高节竹,其中2年生和3年生秆氮含量在竹种间的差异达显著性水平(P<0.05),绿竹和苦竹的1年生秆氮含量也显著大于高节竹(P<0.05)。不同竹种间枝条氮含量没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。不同竹种间氮素积累量表现为绿竹>苦竹>高节竹,其积累量分别为370.28、254.72和113.03 kg/hm~2,而氮素利用效率高低则表现为高节竹>苦竹>绿竹,3种竹子每生产1 t干物质所需氮素为分别为6.37、6.53和7.96 kg。
Nitrogen content and accumulation in different organs of bamboo including leaves,branches and culms was studied with the three typical bamboo species in Zhejiang Province,i. e.,Phyllostachys prominens,Pleioblastus amarus and Dendrocalamopsis oldhami. The results showed that the nitrogen contents in the different organs of the three bamboo species could be ordered by leaves>branches>culms,and nitrogen content decreased with the age of bamboo. Nitrogen content in 3-year-old D. oldhami was significantly higher than that of Ph. prominens and P. amarus( P < 0. 05).Nitrogen content in culms were in the order of D. oldhami > P. amarus > Ph. prominens,and there were significant difference among 2-and 3-year-old bamboo culms of the three species( P < 0. 05). Nitrogen accumulation of the different bamboo species were ordered by D. oldhami > P. amarus > Ph. prominens,and the nitrogen storage was370. 28,254. 72 and 113. 03 kg/ha,respectively. Nitrogen use efficiency was showed as Ph. prominens>P. amarus>D. oldhami,and the nitrogen element that was needed per ton of dry matter of the three bamboo species were 6. 37,6. 53 and 7. 96 kg,respectively.
Nitrogen content and accumulation in different organs of bamboo including leaves,branches and culms was studied with the three typical bamboo species in Zhejiang Province,i. e.,Phyllostachys prominens,Pleioblastus amarus and Dendrocalamopsis oldhami. The results showed that the nitrogen contents in the different organs of the three bamboo species could be ordered by leaves>branches>culms,and nitrogen content decreased with the age of bamboo. Nitrogen content in 3-year-old D. oldhami was significantly higher than that of Ph. prominens and P. amarus( P < 0. 05).Nitrogen content in culms were in the order of D. oldhami > P. amarus > Ph. prominens,and there were significant difference among 2-and 3-year-old bamboo culms of the three species( P < 0. 05). Nitrogen accumulation of the different bamboo species were ordered by D. oldhami > P. amarus > Ph. prominens,and the nitrogen storage was370. 28,254. 72 and 113. 03 kg/ha,respectively. Nitrogen use efficiency was showed as Ph. prominens>P. amarus>D. oldhami,and the nitrogen element that was needed per ton of dry matter of the three bamboo species were 6. 37,6. 53 and 7. 96 kg,respectively.
引文
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[2]河南农学院竹研组.河南竹类植物图志[R].河南农学院,1977:38-70.
[3]郭子武,江志标,陈双林,等.高节竹与毛竹鞭笋品质和适口性比较[J].林业科学研究,2015,28(3):447-450.
[4]杨杰,吴家森,姜培坤,等.苦竹林植硅体碳与硅的研究[J].自然资源学报,2016,31(2):299-309.
[5]杨杰,项婷婷,姜培坤,等.绿竹生态系统植硅体碳积累与分布特征[J].浙江农林大学学报,2016,33(2):225-231.
[6]叶晶,葛高波,应雨骐,等.青皮竹地上部营养元素的吸收、积累和分配特性研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(1):154-160.
[7]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000:146-226.
[8]刘增文,王乃江,李雅素,等.森林生态系统稳定性的养分原理[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2007,34(12):129-134.
[9]吴家森,周国模,钱新标,等.不同经营类型毛竹林营养元素的空间分布[J].浙江林学院学报,2005,22(5):486-489.
[10]吴家森,周国模,徐秋芳,等.不同年份毛竹营养元素的空间分布及与土壤养分的关系[J].林业科学,2005,41(3):171-173.
[11]刘力,林新春,金爱武,等.苦竹各器官营养元素分析[J].浙江林学院学报,2004,21(2):172-175.
[12]韦善华,何斌,魏国余,等.速生阶段灰木莲人工林营养元素积累及其分配格局[J].东北林业大学学报,2012,40(12):36-39.
[13]吴家森,吴夏华,叶飞.雷竹林营养元素分配与积累[J].竹子研究汇刊,2005,24(1):29-31.
[14]陈丽华,李皓,余兆根.不同施肥量对雷竹林竹笋产量及土壤养分的影响[J].世界竹藤通讯,2016,14(3):6-10.
[15]叶晶,陶立华,柯和佳,等.绿竹地上部营养元素的吸收积累和分配特性[J].浙江农林大学学报,2015,32(4):545-550.
[16]刘欢,王超琦,冯莹,等.粉单竹地上部营养元素的积累和分配规律[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(5):284-286.