汽轮机转子T型叶根-轮槽系统力学分析
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摘要
本文采用有限元分析法建立了汽轮机转子T型叶根-轮缘系统的整体模型,计算出汽轮机转子T型叶根及叶根槽的静应力及共振状态下动应力,并基于Goodman曲线方法对汽轮机转子叶根及叶根槽进行高周疲劳安全系数分析。分析计算结果表明,叶根上倒角及外包小角、叶根槽端壁上倒角处以及两侧外包倒角处是较易发生疲劳裂纹的部位,与实际中已发生疲劳失效的叶根槽位置相符。该结果可为T型叶根及叶根槽高周疲劳安全性能设计及检查监测提供参考。
The integral model of T root-rim system of the steam turbine blade was established. Moreover, the static and dynamic stress in resonance state of the T-root and root groove were calculated. The high-cycle fatigue safety factor of the T-root groove was analyzed by Goodman method. The results show that, the fillets and the external small angle of the blade root, and the fillets on the end wall and both outsides of the T-root groove are critical areas, which is consistent with the areas of the T-root groove in the failed blade. The proposed method can provide designers with the theoretical basis for designing high-cycle fatigue safety performance of the T-root and root groove, and also provide the operators and inspectors with the critical component of the monitoring and inspection of the T-root and root groove.
The integral model of T root-rim system of the steam turbine blade was established. Moreover, the static and dynamic stress in resonance state of the T-root and root groove were calculated. The high-cycle fatigue safety factor of the T-root groove was analyzed by Goodman method. The results show that, the fillets and the external small angle of the blade root, and the fillets on the end wall and both outsides of the T-root groove are critical areas, which is consistent with the areas of the T-root groove in the failed blade. The proposed method can provide designers with the theoretical basis for designing high-cycle fatigue safety performance of the T-root and root groove, and also provide the operators and inspectors with the critical component of the monitoring and inspection of the T-root and root groove.
引文
[1]王传佩.汽轮机转子寿命预测及评估的研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2014:1-3.WANG Chuanpei.Research on forecast and assessment of steam turbine rotor life[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2014:1-3.
[2]何建军.加载速率对汽轮机转子钢低周疲劳损伤的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(2):62-66.HE Jianjun.Effect of loading rate on low-cycle fatigue damage of turbine rotor steel[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(2):62-66.
[3]王枨.五万千瓦汽机转子的安全性分析[J].水利电力机械,1980(1):9-18.WANG Cheng.Safety analysis of 500 MW steam turbine rotors[J].Water Power Machinery,1980(1):9-18.
[4]傅国如,张栋,吴福信.发动机压气机四级盘轮缘疲劳失效故障分析[J].材料工程,2003(增刊1):139-143.FU Guoru,ZHANG Dong,WU Fuxin.Fatigue failure analysis of 4th compressor pans in aero-engines[J].Material Engineering,2003(Suppl.1):139-143.
[5]康德利.某型发动机Ⅱ级涡轮叶片榫槽断裂分析[C].中国航空学会高温材料学术交流会.北京:中国航空学会,1985:15-19.KANG Deli.Fracture analysis of turbine blade tenon groove of an engine[C].China Aeronautical Society Institute for High Temperature Materials.Beijing:Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics,1985:15-19.
[6]周仁睦.汽轮机叶片疲劳断面及事故分析[J].机械强度,1982(1):14-23.ZHOU Renmu.Fatigue section and accident analysis of turbine blades[J].Mechanical Strength,1982(1):14-23.
[7]王顶辉,王九崇,韩玉峰,等.俄制800 MW机组高压叶片断裂分析与处理[J].中国电力,2009,42(5):31-34.WANG Dinghui,WANG Jiuchong,HAN Yufeng,et al.Fracture analysis and treatment of high pressure blades of Russian made 800 MW unit[J].Electric Power,2009,42(5):31-34.
[8]白逢.汽轮机低压转子动叶片叶根断裂原因分析[J].内蒙古电力技术,2016,34(1):41-44.BAI Feng.Rotor blade fracture analysis of turbine low pressure rotator[J].Inner Mongolia Electric Power,2016,34(1):41-44.
[9]李煜佳.钛合金Ti-6Al-4V的疲劳行为及疲劳设计曲线研究[D].上海:华东理工大学,2014:16-24.LI Yujia.Fatigue behavior and fatigue design curve of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V[D].Shanghai:East China University of Science and Technology,2014:16-24.
[10]方伟.汽轮机叶片寿命预测及评估的研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2015:43-59.FANG Wei.Study on life prediction and evaluation of turbine blade[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2015:43-59.
[11]BOOYSEN C,HEYNS P S,HINDLEY M P,et al.Fatigue life assessment of a low pressure steam turbine blade during transient resonant conditions using a probabilistic approach[J].International Journal of Fatigue,2015,73:17-26.
[12]HIGASHIO A,HIROYUKI Y,MITSUHIKO O.Dynamic stress measurement of centrifugal compressor impeller and study for strength criteria based on correlation by unsteady CFD[C].39th Turbomachinery Symposium.Texas:Texas A&M University Libraries,2010:43-49.
[13]JAISWAL B L,BHAVE S K.Experimental evaluation of damping in a bladed disk model[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,1994,177(1):111-120.
[14]JELASKA D.On the goodman’s fatigue safety factor[J].International Journal of Advanced Engineering,2011,5:27-34.
[15]姜求志,王金瑞.火力发电厂金属材料手册[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2000:571-580.JIANG Qiuzhi,WANG Jinrui.Handbook of metal materials for thermal power plants[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2000:571-580.
[16]刘鹏,芦凤桂,刘霞,等.高温条件下NiCrMoV转子钢焊接接头的高周疲劳性能研究[J].上海金属,2013,35(3):31-35.LIU Peng,LU Fenggui,LIU Xia,et al.Investigation on high temperature high cycle fatigue property of the welding joint for NiCrMoV rotor steel[J].Shanghai Metals,2013,35(3):31-35.
[2]何建军.加载速率对汽轮机转子钢低周疲劳损伤的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(2):62-66.HE Jianjun.Effect of loading rate on low-cycle fatigue damage of turbine rotor steel[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(2):62-66.
[3]王枨.五万千瓦汽机转子的安全性分析[J].水利电力机械,1980(1):9-18.WANG Cheng.Safety analysis of 500 MW steam turbine rotors[J].Water Power Machinery,1980(1):9-18.
[4]傅国如,张栋,吴福信.发动机压气机四级盘轮缘疲劳失效故障分析[J].材料工程,2003(增刊1):139-143.FU Guoru,ZHANG Dong,WU Fuxin.Fatigue failure analysis of 4th compressor pans in aero-engines[J].Material Engineering,2003(Suppl.1):139-143.
[5]康德利.某型发动机Ⅱ级涡轮叶片榫槽断裂分析[C].中国航空学会高温材料学术交流会.北京:中国航空学会,1985:15-19.KANG Deli.Fracture analysis of turbine blade tenon groove of an engine[C].China Aeronautical Society Institute for High Temperature Materials.Beijing:Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics,1985:15-19.
[6]周仁睦.汽轮机叶片疲劳断面及事故分析[J].机械强度,1982(1):14-23.ZHOU Renmu.Fatigue section and accident analysis of turbine blades[J].Mechanical Strength,1982(1):14-23.
[7]王顶辉,王九崇,韩玉峰,等.俄制800 MW机组高压叶片断裂分析与处理[J].中国电力,2009,42(5):31-34.WANG Dinghui,WANG Jiuchong,HAN Yufeng,et al.Fracture analysis and treatment of high pressure blades of Russian made 800 MW unit[J].Electric Power,2009,42(5):31-34.
[8]白逢.汽轮机低压转子动叶片叶根断裂原因分析[J].内蒙古电力技术,2016,34(1):41-44.BAI Feng.Rotor blade fracture analysis of turbine low pressure rotator[J].Inner Mongolia Electric Power,2016,34(1):41-44.
[9]李煜佳.钛合金Ti-6Al-4V的疲劳行为及疲劳设计曲线研究[D].上海:华东理工大学,2014:16-24.LI Yujia.Fatigue behavior and fatigue design curve of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V[D].Shanghai:East China University of Science and Technology,2014:16-24.
[10]方伟.汽轮机叶片寿命预测及评估的研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2015:43-59.FANG Wei.Study on life prediction and evaluation of turbine blade[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2015:43-59.
[11]BOOYSEN C,HEYNS P S,HINDLEY M P,et al.Fatigue life assessment of a low pressure steam turbine blade during transient resonant conditions using a probabilistic approach[J].International Journal of Fatigue,2015,73:17-26.
[12]HIGASHIO A,HIROYUKI Y,MITSUHIKO O.Dynamic stress measurement of centrifugal compressor impeller and study for strength criteria based on correlation by unsteady CFD[C].39th Turbomachinery Symposium.Texas:Texas A&M University Libraries,2010:43-49.
[13]JAISWAL B L,BHAVE S K.Experimental evaluation of damping in a bladed disk model[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,1994,177(1):111-120.
[14]JELASKA D.On the goodman’s fatigue safety factor[J].International Journal of Advanced Engineering,2011,5:27-34.
[15]姜求志,王金瑞.火力发电厂金属材料手册[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2000:571-580.JIANG Qiuzhi,WANG Jinrui.Handbook of metal materials for thermal power plants[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2000:571-580.
[16]刘鹏,芦凤桂,刘霞,等.高温条件下NiCrMoV转子钢焊接接头的高周疲劳性能研究[J].上海金属,2013,35(3):31-35.LIU Peng,LU Fenggui,LIU Xia,et al.Investigation on high temperature high cycle fatigue property of the welding joint for NiCrMoV rotor steel[J].Shanghai Metals,2013,35(3):31-35.