基于古河道变迁的廊坊东沽港地面沉降影响因素研究
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摘要
通过搜集河北平原东沽港镇工程地质及水文地质资料,开展工程地质、水文地质、环境地质调查,利用物探、钻探、水准测量等技术手段进行勘查,并对地面沉降现状及危害进行跟踪调查,系统研究了东沽港镇地面沉降影响因素。结果表明:①研究区位于第四系古河道变迁带,具有物质松散、抗压性弱、沉陷性大的特点,在地下水位变化过程中,受砂层饱和自重、地下水下渗及其孔隙水压力差等影响,古河床与河漫滩易出现错动裂缝。②研究区地面沉降主要的外部因素是浅层地下水位下降,是引起地面沉降的动力;主要的内部因素是地层沉积差异,为地面不均匀沉降提供了物质基础;次要因素是深层地下水位变化、地质构造活动和人为回填池、塘等。研究区地面沉降影响因素的研究成果为河北平原地面沉降研究及防治提供理论依据。
The influential factors of ground surface subsidence in Donggugang,Hebei Plain,are examined systematically through engineering geological,hydrogeological and environmental geological explorations via technical approaches such as geophysical prospecting,drilling,and leveling,together with follow-up surveys on the status and harm of land subsidence. The results are concluded as follows:( 1) Located in the Quaternary change belt of ancient stream channels,the study area is of weak compressive strength and large collapsibility with loose materials.The ancient stream channel and flood plain are prone to dislocated ruptures due to the effects of the saturated dead weight of sand layer,the infiltration of groundwater,and the difference of pore water pressure.( 2) The external factor,and also,the driving force,of ground subsidence in the study area is the decline of shallow groundwater level; sedimentary difference is the internal factor which provides the material basis for uneven settlement; secondary factors include deep groundwater changes,geological tectonic activity,and artificial backfilling ponds,pools and etc. The research findings would offer theoretical basis for the study and prevention of ground subsidence in the Hebei plain.
The influential factors of ground surface subsidence in Donggugang,Hebei Plain,are examined systematically through engineering geological,hydrogeological and environmental geological explorations via technical approaches such as geophysical prospecting,drilling,and leveling,together with follow-up surveys on the status and harm of land subsidence. The results are concluded as follows:( 1) Located in the Quaternary change belt of ancient stream channels,the study area is of weak compressive strength and large collapsibility with loose materials.The ancient stream channel and flood plain are prone to dislocated ruptures due to the effects of the saturated dead weight of sand layer,the infiltration of groundwater,and the difference of pore water pressure.( 2) The external factor,and also,the driving force,of ground subsidence in the study area is the decline of shallow groundwater level; sedimentary difference is the internal factor which provides the material basis for uneven settlement; secondary factors include deep groundwater changes,geological tectonic activity,and artificial backfilling ponds,pools and etc. The research findings would offer theoretical basis for the study and prevention of ground subsidence in the Hebei plain.
引文
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[2]郑铣鑫,武强,侯艳声,等.关于城市地面沉降研究的几个前沿问题[J].地球学报,2002,23(3):279-282.
[3]薛禹群,张云,叶淑君,等.中国地面沉降及其需要解决的几个问题[J].第四纪研究,2003,23(6):585-593.
[4]何庆成,叶晓滨,李志明,等.我国地面沉降现状及防治战略设想[J].高校地质学报,2006,12(2):161-168.
[5]王国良.地面沉降危险性分级标准初探[J].上海地质,2006,(4):39-43.
[6]房浩,何庆成,徐斌,等.沧州地区地面沉降灾害风险评价研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2016,43(4):159-164.
[7]ZEBKER H A,ROSEN P A,HENSLEY S.Atmospheric Effects in Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Surface Deformation and Topographic Maps[J].Geophysical Research Letters,1997,102(B4):7547-7564.
[8]BERARDINO P,FORNARO G,LANARI R,et al.ANew Algorithm for Surface Deformation Monitoring Based on Small Baseline Differential SAR Interferograms[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2002,40(11):2375-2383.
[9]KUEHN F,ALBIOL D,COOKSLEY G,et al.Detection of Land Subsidence in Semarang,Indonesia,Using Stable Points Network(SPN)Technique[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2010,60(5):909-921.
[10]熊福文,朱文耀,李家权.GPS技术在上海市地面沉降研究中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4):1352-1358.
[11]王延霞,史照良,曹敏,等.基于短基线子集(SBAS)干涉技术的地表时序沉降估计[J].高校地质学报,2014,20(2):333-340.
[12]孙张涛,范景辉,王如意,等.基于高分辨率SAR数据的地面沉降监测---以印度尼西亚雅加达为例[J].地质通报,2015,34(10):1910-1917.
[13]田芳,郭萌,罗勇,等.北京地面沉降区土体变形特征[J].中国地质,2012,39(1):236-242.
[14]杨建民,纪森林.抽水导致区域性地面沉降中的s-lnr线性关系[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(9):1606-1614.
[15]孙自永,马腾,马军,等.太原市地层空间异质性对地面沉降分布的影响[J].岩土力学,2007,28(2):399-408.
[16]刘勇,李培英,丰爱平,等.黄河三角洲地下水动态变化及其与地面沉降的关系[J].地球科学---中国地质大学学报,2014,39(11):1655-1665.
[17]刘瑾,李军,陈元明.地面沉降对太原市城市建设的影响及防治对策[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2015,51(6):786-789.
[18]丁文峰,张平仓,陈杰.城市化过程中的水环境问题研究综述[J].长江科学院院报,2006,23(2):21-24.
[19]张利生,朱国荣.鹏山水源地开采条件下的含水层固结模型[J].岩土力学,2005,26(7):1141-1147.
[20]李红霞,张建雄,赵新华.基于混沌优化BP神经网络的地面沉降模型[J].中国矿业大学学报,2008,37(3):398-401.
[21]李文运,崔亚莉,苏晨,等.天津市地下水流-地面沉降耦合模型[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2012,42(3):805-813.
[22]王启耀,彭建兵,蒋臻蔚,等.西安典型段地面沉降分层标观测及数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2014,35(11):3298-3309.
[23]陈崇希.关于地下水开采引发地面沉降灾害的思考[J].水文地质工程地质,2000,27(1):45-60.
[24]刘毅.地面沉降研究的新进展与面临的新问题[J].地学前缘,2001,8(2):273-278.