咖啡开花过程中叶片碳水化合物含量的变化动态
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摘要
为了研究开花过程中叶片碳水化合物分配特性,观测咖啡叶片生长发育特性,测定来自不同品种咖啡开花过程中叶片可溶性糖、蔗糖及淀粉的含量。结果表明:咖啡叶片生长和花芽发育呈现对称生长,叶片发育在不利的条件下具有补偿效应;开花前,叶片的可溶性糖含量早上明显低于傍晚,可溶性糖和淀粉含量处于一个较高的水平;开花后叶片可溶性糖和淀粉含量下降,并且早上可溶性糖含量与傍晚无显著差异,而淀粉含量早上显著高于傍晚;蔗糖含量变化趋势为先显著上升,而后缓慢下降。表明叶片中可溶性糖和淀粉的积累有利于咖啡开花。
Three varieties of coffee(Coffea sp.) were observed in their leaf growth and development, and their leaf contents of soluble sugar, sucrose and starch during their flowering process were determined to analyze the allocation of carbohydrates in their leaves during flowering. The results showed that the coffee leaves grew symmetrically with the development of flower buds and had a compensatory effect under unfavorable conditions in their development. Before flowering, the leaf soluble sugar content was significantly lower in the morning than in the afternoon, while the leaf contents of soluble sugars and starch maintained at a high level. After flowering, the leaf contents of soluble sugar and starch decreased,and the leaf soluble sugar content in the morning was not significantly different from that in the afternoon,while the leaf starch content was significantly higher in the morning than in the afternoon. The leaf content of sucrose increased significantly and then decreased slowly after flowering. These observations indicate that the accumulation of soluble sugars and starch in leaves is favorable for flowering in coffee.
Three varieties of coffee(Coffea sp.) were observed in their leaf growth and development, and their leaf contents of soluble sugar, sucrose and starch during their flowering process were determined to analyze the allocation of carbohydrates in their leaves during flowering. The results showed that the coffee leaves grew symmetrically with the development of flower buds and had a compensatory effect under unfavorable conditions in their development. Before flowering, the leaf soluble sugar content was significantly lower in the morning than in the afternoon, while the leaf contents of soluble sugars and starch maintained at a high level. After flowering, the leaf contents of soluble sugar and starch decreased,and the leaf soluble sugar content in the morning was not significantly different from that in the afternoon,while the leaf starch content was significantly higher in the morning than in the afternoon. The leaf content of sucrose increased significantly and then decreased slowly after flowering. These observations indicate that the accumulation of soluble sugars and starch in leaves is favorable for flowering in coffee.
引文
[1]马焕普.果树花芽分化与激素的关系[J].植物生理学通讯, 1987(1):1-6.
[2]李天红,黄卫东,孟昭清.苹果花芽孕育机理的探讨[J].植物生理学报, 1996, 22(3):251-257.
[3]郭金丽,张玉兰.苹果梨花芽分化期蛋白质、淀粉代谢的研究[J].内蒙古农牧学院学报, 1999, 20(2):80-82.
[4]董云萍,龙宇宙,孙燕.咖啡高产栽培技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 2009.
[5] Lubbers A E, Lechowicz M J. Effects of leaf removal on reproduction vs. blowground storage in Trillium grandiflorum[J]. Ecol. 1989, 70(6):85-96.
[6]孔德良,严宁,胡红.开花对两种灼兰光合作用和同化产物分配的影响[J].云南植物研究, 2006, 28(6):639-644.
[7] Sonw A A, Whigham D F. Costs of flower and fruit production in Tipularia discolor Orchidaceae[J]. Ecology,1989, 70(5):1 286-1 293.
[8] Primack R B, Stacy E. Cost of reproduction in the pink lady's slipper orchid Cypripedium acaule(Orchi daceae):An eleven-year experimental study of three population[J]. Amer J Bot, 1998, 85(12):1 672-1 679.
[9] Jamal Uddin, Fumio Hashimoto, Miho Kaketani, et al.Analysis of light and sucrose potencies on petal coloration and pigmentation of lisianthus cultivars(in vitro)[J]. Scientia horticulturae, 2001, 89(1):75-84.
[10] Barros R, Maestri S, Coons M I. The physiology of flowering in coffee:a review[J]. J Coffee Res, 1978,8:29-73.
[11] Drinnan J E, Menzel C M. Synchronization of anthesis and enhancement of vegetative growth in coffee(Coffea arabica L.)following water stress during floral initiation[J]. Journal of horticultural science, 1994, 69(5):841-849.
[12]赵世杰,史国安,董新纯.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社, 2002:84-99.
[13]中国科学院上海植物生理研究所.现代植物生理学实验指南[M].北京:科学出版社, 1999:392-393.
[14] Alvim P. Coffee. In CRC Handbook of Flowering[M].CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1986, 2:23.
[15] Rena A B, Maestri M. Relaes hídricas no cafeeiro In:ITEM[M]. Belo Horizonte:Irrigaoe Tecnologia Moderna, 2000:64-73.
[16]马焕普.果树花芽分化与激素的关系[J].植物生理学通讯, 1987(1):1-6.
[17]谢利娟,孙敏,赵梁军,等.毛棉杜鹃芽形态分化期间封顶叶内源激素含量变化的研究[J].中同农业大学学报, 2010(4):33-38.
[18]黄建昌,肖艳,赵春香,等.少核沙田柚的辐射选育研究[J].核农学报, 2003, 17(3):171-174.
[19]李庄,陈茂鑫,韦文楼.无核沙田柚的RAPD研究-无核机理研究(Ⅱ)[J].激光生物学报, 2000, 9(1):4-7.
[20]武维华.植物生理学[M].北京:科学技术出版社,2003:213-239.
[21]黄天雄,何颖,郁书君.锦绣杜鹃花芽分化与叶片物质变化的相关性研究[J].热带作物学报,2016, 37(4):709-714.
[22]李天红,黄阵.苹果花孕育机理的探讨[J].植物生理学报, 1996, 22(3):251-257.
[23]吴月燕,李培民,吴秋峰.葡萄叶片内碳水化合物及蛋白质代谢对花芽分化的影响[J].浙江万里学院学报, 2002(4):54-57.
[24]艾星梅,马长乐,李燕山,等.马铃薯花芽分化与叶片物质变化的相关性[J].江苏农业科学, 2017, 45(23):88-90.
[25]张红娜,苏钻贤,陈厚彬.荔枝花芽分化期间光合特性与碳氮物质变化[J].热带农业科学, 2016, 36(11):66-71.
[26]叶春海,丰锋,吕庆芳,等.香蕉60Co辐射诱变效应的研究[J].西南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2000, 22(4):301-303.
[2]李天红,黄卫东,孟昭清.苹果花芽孕育机理的探讨[J].植物生理学报, 1996, 22(3):251-257.
[3]郭金丽,张玉兰.苹果梨花芽分化期蛋白质、淀粉代谢的研究[J].内蒙古农牧学院学报, 1999, 20(2):80-82.
[4]董云萍,龙宇宙,孙燕.咖啡高产栽培技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 2009.
[5] Lubbers A E, Lechowicz M J. Effects of leaf removal on reproduction vs. blowground storage in Trillium grandiflorum[J]. Ecol. 1989, 70(6):85-96.
[6]孔德良,严宁,胡红.开花对两种灼兰光合作用和同化产物分配的影响[J].云南植物研究, 2006, 28(6):639-644.
[7] Sonw A A, Whigham D F. Costs of flower and fruit production in Tipularia discolor Orchidaceae[J]. Ecology,1989, 70(5):1 286-1 293.
[8] Primack R B, Stacy E. Cost of reproduction in the pink lady's slipper orchid Cypripedium acaule(Orchi daceae):An eleven-year experimental study of three population[J]. Amer J Bot, 1998, 85(12):1 672-1 679.
[9] Jamal Uddin, Fumio Hashimoto, Miho Kaketani, et al.Analysis of light and sucrose potencies on petal coloration and pigmentation of lisianthus cultivars(in vitro)[J]. Scientia horticulturae, 2001, 89(1):75-84.
[10] Barros R, Maestri S, Coons M I. The physiology of flowering in coffee:a review[J]. J Coffee Res, 1978,8:29-73.
[11] Drinnan J E, Menzel C M. Synchronization of anthesis and enhancement of vegetative growth in coffee(Coffea arabica L.)following water stress during floral initiation[J]. Journal of horticultural science, 1994, 69(5):841-849.
[12]赵世杰,史国安,董新纯.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社, 2002:84-99.
[13]中国科学院上海植物生理研究所.现代植物生理学实验指南[M].北京:科学出版社, 1999:392-393.
[14] Alvim P. Coffee. In CRC Handbook of Flowering[M].CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1986, 2:23.
[15] Rena A B, Maestri M. Relaes hídricas no cafeeiro In:ITEM[M]. Belo Horizonte:Irrigaoe Tecnologia Moderna, 2000:64-73.
[16]马焕普.果树花芽分化与激素的关系[J].植物生理学通讯, 1987(1):1-6.
[17]谢利娟,孙敏,赵梁军,等.毛棉杜鹃芽形态分化期间封顶叶内源激素含量变化的研究[J].中同农业大学学报, 2010(4):33-38.
[18]黄建昌,肖艳,赵春香,等.少核沙田柚的辐射选育研究[J].核农学报, 2003, 17(3):171-174.
[19]李庄,陈茂鑫,韦文楼.无核沙田柚的RAPD研究-无核机理研究(Ⅱ)[J].激光生物学报, 2000, 9(1):4-7.
[20]武维华.植物生理学[M].北京:科学技术出版社,2003:213-239.
[21]黄天雄,何颖,郁书君.锦绣杜鹃花芽分化与叶片物质变化的相关性研究[J].热带作物学报,2016, 37(4):709-714.
[22]李天红,黄阵.苹果花孕育机理的探讨[J].植物生理学报, 1996, 22(3):251-257.
[23]吴月燕,李培民,吴秋峰.葡萄叶片内碳水化合物及蛋白质代谢对花芽分化的影响[J].浙江万里学院学报, 2002(4):54-57.
[24]艾星梅,马长乐,李燕山,等.马铃薯花芽分化与叶片物质变化的相关性[J].江苏农业科学, 2017, 45(23):88-90.
[25]张红娜,苏钻贤,陈厚彬.荔枝花芽分化期间光合特性与碳氮物质变化[J].热带农业科学, 2016, 36(11):66-71.
[26]叶春海,丰锋,吕庆芳,等.香蕉60Co辐射诱变效应的研究[J].西南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2000, 22(4):301-303.