镁肥对马尾松幼苗生长与叶片元素积累的影响
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摘要
为了探讨上杭种源马尾松Pinus massoniana叶营养与生长对不同镁肥水平的响应,以其优良种源1年生苗为材料,设置4个镁肥梯度(42 g·m~(-2)、85 g·m~(-2)、170 g·m~(-2)、339 g·m~(-2)),测定移栽1年后苗木生长指标及叶内营养含量。结果表明,施镁能够促进元素P、K、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn积累,抑制N、Mg、Mn积累;镁施肥量为85 g·m~(-2)时,对N、Mg、Mn积累的抑制作用不显著,对P、K、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn积累的促进作用最大,苗木生长最好,为最佳施肥量。施镁并不能促进苗木对镁的吸收,而是改变了营养供应的土壤环境,从而改变植物对其他营养的吸收比例,进而影响植物的生长。苗木的生长与Fe、P、K的关系最为密切,其次是Mg、Mn、Ca、N、Cu、Zn。
In order to investigate the responses of Pinus massoniana leaf nutrition and growth to different magnesium fertilizer levels, 1-year-old seedlings of P. massoniana from the superior provenances were used as experimental materials. Four magnesium fertilizer gradients(42 g·m~(-2),85 g·m~(-2), 170 g·m~(-2), 339 g·m~(-2)) were set up to determine the growth index and leaf nutrient content of P. massoniana seedlings. Results showed that application of Mg could promote the accumulation of P,K, Ca, Fe, Cu and Zn, and inhibit the accumulation of N, Mg and Mn. When the amount of Mg fertilizer was 85 g·m~(-2), the inhibition of N, Mg and Mn accumulation was not significant, but the promotion of P, K, Ca, Fe, Cu and Zn accumulation was the greatest, seedling growth was the best.So the optimum amount of fertilization was 85 g·m~(-2). Magnesium application could not promote the absorption of magnesium by seedlings, but could change the soil environment of nutrient supply, thus changing the proportion of plant to other nutrients and affecting the growth of plants. The growth of seedlings was most closely related to Fe, P, K, followed by Mg, Mn, Ca, N, Cu, Zn.
In order to investigate the responses of Pinus massoniana leaf nutrition and growth to different magnesium fertilizer levels, 1-year-old seedlings of P. massoniana from the superior provenances were used as experimental materials. Four magnesium fertilizer gradients(42 g·m~(-2),85 g·m~(-2), 170 g·m~(-2), 339 g·m~(-2)) were set up to determine the growth index and leaf nutrient content of P. massoniana seedlings. Results showed that application of Mg could promote the accumulation of P,K, Ca, Fe, Cu and Zn, and inhibit the accumulation of N, Mg and Mn. When the amount of Mg fertilizer was 85 g·m~(-2), the inhibition of N, Mg and Mn accumulation was not significant, but the promotion of P, K, Ca, Fe, Cu and Zn accumulation was the greatest, seedling growth was the best.So the optimum amount of fertilization was 85 g·m~(-2). Magnesium application could not promote the absorption of magnesium by seedlings, but could change the soil environment of nutrient supply, thus changing the proportion of plant to other nutrients and affecting the growth of plants. The growth of seedlings was most closely related to Fe, P, K, followed by Mg, Mn, Ca, N, Cu, Zn.
引文
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[3]赵冰,毛小云,廖宗文.几种镁肥对番茄肥效的比较研究[J].土壤通报,2006(4):830-832.
[4]王丽.马铃薯施用镁肥效果试验[J].农业科技与装备,2017(7):6-7.
[5]姚莉,刘海涛,王谢,庞良玉,杨军伟,郭仕平.镁肥对烤烟烟叶中主要化学成分和有机酸含量的影响[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学),2017(4):712-717.
[6]姚丽贤,李国良,许潮漩,周修冲.镁肥在荔枝和柑橘上的施用效应[J].磷肥与复肥,2006(4):76-78.
[7]李明晶,孙华云,刘亦凡.镁在植物生长中的作用及镁肥[J].硫磷设计与粉体工程,2009(4):36-39.
[8]张涛,魏萌.中微量元素肥:中微量元素肥正在成为行业的新宠[J].中国农资,2017(7):20.
[9]徐雷,梁林洲,董晓英,沈仁芳.镁缺乏对黄瓜苗期生长及矿质营养吸收的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2012(5):899-903.
[10]叶坤合,刘雄德.不同浓度的钾、钙、镁培养液对水稻生育的影响和元素间的相互作用[J].土壤通报,1987(3):131-134.
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[12]张顺恒,肖祥希,吴吉富,谭芳林,罗有盛.马尾松幼林施肥后营养动态研究[J].福建林学院学报,2000,20(2):150-153.
[13]康专苗,姚智,白亭玉,焦淼,王艺蓉,仇海威,林电.帕拉英达芒果叶片养分变化规律及营养诊断[J].南方农业学报,2017(4):686-691.
[14]匡鹤凌,汪贵斌,曹福亮.氮素对喜树光合作用、营养元素和喜树碱含量的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2016(3):15-20.
[15]周玮,姜霞,李从瑞.磷肥对马尾松幼苗营养元素吸收的影响[J].贵州林业科技,2013(4):10-13.
[16]李华东,白亭玉,郑妍,张贺,林电.土壤施钙对芒果果实钾、钙、镁含量及品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2014(6):76-80.
[17]梁宏温,黄承标,梁杏清,陈小红.不同施肥处理马尾松幼林生长及其营养元素含量的研究[J].广西农业大学学报,1996(4):39-44.
[18]肖常沛,杨竹青.不同钙、镁肥对蔬菜产量和品质的影响[J].长江蔬菜,2000(4):27-29.
[19]黄鸿翔,陈福兴,徐明岗,秦道株,高菊生,朱永兴.红壤地区土壤镁素状况及镁肥施用技术的研究[J].土壤肥料,2000(5):19-23.
[20]周玮,姜霞,李从瑞.磷肥对马尾松幼苗营养元素吸收的影响[J].贵州林业科技,2013(4):10-13.
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[22]叶立鹏,周运超,周玮,罗振东,黄琨.马尾松人工中龄林细根生长对施肥的响应[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013(2):50-55.
[23]廖德平,龙启德.贵州林业土壤[J].贵州林业科技,1997(4):1-66.
[24]白羽祥,杨焕文,徐照丽,李正风,王戈,史普酉,张金峰,韦俊,谭小兵,吕世保.不同镁肥水平对烤烟光响应曲线及产量的影响[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学),2017(2):257-262.
[25]关广晟,屠乃美,肖汉乾,朱列书,朱英华,王中美.镁对烟草生长及叶片叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报.2008(1):151-155.
[26]王芳,刘鹏,朱靖文.镁对大豆游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量的影响[J].河南农业科学,2004(6):35-38.
[27]何忠俊,马青,曾波,陈璐.镁对滇重楼生长、养分吸收和总皂甙含量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2009,15(4):960-964.
[28]汪洪,褚天铎.植物镁素营养的研究进展[J].植物学报,1999,16(3):245-250.
[29]Adams F,Henderson J B.Magnesium availability as affected by deficient and adequate levels of potassium and lime1[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1962,26(1):65-68.