染色体双荧光显带鉴定啤酒花雌雄株及其在生物学实验教学中的应用
|
摘要
染色体荧光显带技术不仅可以显示出染色体的基本形态特征如大小、主次缢痕、随体等,还可应用于核型分析,在植物进化生物学,人类和动物染色体结构和功能研究等生物学研究中发挥了较大作用。目前我国高校的生物学实验教学中,缺少相关内容的设计和安排。作者选用啤酒花(Humulus lupulus)这一经济作物作为实验材料,将染色体制片和荧光显微镜技术融合在一个实验中,并对该实验做了多次实践,设计了一整套适合生物学实验教学的方案。该实验直观、系统地展示了染色体荧光显带技术,实验结果有意义且具有一定的潜在应用价值,同时也训练了学生的实验技能,拓展了学生的知识领域。还为染色体荧光显带技术在生物学实验课程中的推广提供了有益建议。
Chromosome fluorescence banding technology not only can reveal chromosomal basic features including size,primary constriction,secondary constriction,satellite etc.,but also contributes to karyotpe analysis. Obviously,it plays a significant role in biological studies,such as plant evolutionary biology,chromosome research in human and animal,and so on. However,there has been no chromosome fluorescence banding related to biological experimental teaching for undergraduates and graduates in colleges at present.Therefore,for students experimental practice,we used Humulus lupulus,an economic crop,as material and designed a complete experimental teaching program,containing chromosome preparation and fluorescence microscopy technology. The experiment shows the chromosome fluorescence banding technology visually and systematically,and the result is meaningful with potential application value.Meanwhile,student can learn lots of experiment skills and develop their knowledge during this experimental practice. Besides,this experimental teaching program provides some beneficial suggestions for popularizing chromosome fluorescence banding technology in biological teaching course.
Chromosome fluorescence banding technology not only can reveal chromosomal basic features including size,primary constriction,secondary constriction,satellite etc.,but also contributes to karyotpe analysis. Obviously,it plays a significant role in biological studies,such as plant evolutionary biology,chromosome research in human and animal,and so on. However,there has been no chromosome fluorescence banding related to biological experimental teaching for undergraduates and graduates in colleges at present.Therefore,for students experimental practice,we used Humulus lupulus,an economic crop,as material and designed a complete experimental teaching program,containing chromosome preparation and fluorescence microscopy technology. The experiment shows the chromosome fluorescence banding technology visually and systematically,and the result is meaningful with potential application value.Meanwhile,student can learn lots of experiment skills and develop their knowledge during this experimental practice. Besides,this experimental teaching program provides some beneficial suggestions for popularizing chromosome fluorescence banding technology in biological teaching course.
引文
[1]HUANG H,CHEN J. Chromosome Bandings[J]. Methods in Molecular Biology,2017,1541:59-66.
[2]RODIONOV A V. Evolution of differential chromosome banding[J]. Genetika,1999,35(2):277-290.
[3]ANSARI H A,ELLISON N W,BASSETT S A,et al. Fluorescence chromosome banding and FISH mapping in perennial ryegrass,Lolium perenne L[J]. BMC Genomics,2016,17(1):977-985.
[4]YAMAMOTO M,ABKENAR A A,MATSUMOTO R,et al. CMA banding patterns of chromosomes in major Citrus species[J]. Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science,2007,76(1):36-40.
[5]张扬,朱胜男,金晓芬,等. 45S rDNA-FISH鉴定银杏雌雄性别[J].园艺学报,2007,34(6):1520-1524.
[6]陈赢男.植物性别决定机制研究进展[J].林业工程学报,2014,28(5):18-22.
[7]李瑞丽,卢龙斗,高武军,等.雌雄异株植物性别鉴定的研究进展[J].广西植物,2006,26(4):387-391.
[8]严欢欢,肖娟.杨永清.基于文献计量的植物雌雄异株研究进展[J].广西植物,2017,37(5):661-674.
[9]秦力,陈景丽,潘长田,等.植物性染色体进化及性别决定基因研究进展[J].植物学报,2016,51(6):841-848.
[10]杜彬彬,李交昆,唐璐璐.被子植物雌雄异株性别决定与性别连锁标记[J].生命科学研究,2017,21(2):159-165.
[11]赵宝玉,郜春丽,翁殊斐.华南地区雌雄异株植物资源及其园林应用[J].湖南林业科技,2013,40(1):41-44.
[12]何梅,孟明,施大伟,等.雌雄异株植物对干旱胁迫响应的性别差异[J].植物资源与环境学报,2015,24(1):99-106.
[13]杨妙贤,肖德兴,梁红,等.中华猕猴桃性别分化的细胞形态学观察[J].园艺学报,2011,38(2):257-264.
[14]赵云云.雌雄构树过氧化物酶同工酶的比较研究[J].首都师范大学学报(自然科学版),1996,17(2):84-87.
[15]范建平,杜军华,徐隆华,等.沙棘属植物单性异株雌雄鉴定及方法的研究[J].青海师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,28(1):81-85.
[16]杨俊杰,张天翔,蔡坤秀,等.用溴麝香草酚蓝鉴别芦笋成年植株的雌雄性[J].福建热作科技,2008,33(4):19-21.
[17]翟飞飞,孙振元.木本植物雌雄株生物学差异研究进展[J].林业科学,2015,51(10):110-116.
[18]尹立辉,詹亚中,李彩华,等.植物雌雄株性别鉴定研究方法的评价[J].植物研究,2003,23(1):123-128.
[19]NATSUME S,TAKAGI H,SHIRAISHI A,et al. The draft genome of Hop(Humulus lupulus),an essence for brewing[J]. Plant Cell Physiology,2015,56(3):428-441.
[20]王连军,邓传良,卢龙斗,等.葎草的核型和性染色体研究[J].河南农业科学,2007,36(10):61-63.
[21]GRABOWSKA-JOACHIMIAK A,MOSIOLEK M,LECH A,et al. Cbanding/DAPI and in situ hybridization reflect karyotype structure and sex chromosome differentiation in Humulus japonicus Siebold&Zucc[J]. Cytogenetuc and Genome Research,2011,132(3):203-211.
[2]RODIONOV A V. Evolution of differential chromosome banding[J]. Genetika,1999,35(2):277-290.
[3]ANSARI H A,ELLISON N W,BASSETT S A,et al. Fluorescence chromosome banding and FISH mapping in perennial ryegrass,Lolium perenne L[J]. BMC Genomics,2016,17(1):977-985.
[4]YAMAMOTO M,ABKENAR A A,MATSUMOTO R,et al. CMA banding patterns of chromosomes in major Citrus species[J]. Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science,2007,76(1):36-40.
[5]张扬,朱胜男,金晓芬,等. 45S rDNA-FISH鉴定银杏雌雄性别[J].园艺学报,2007,34(6):1520-1524.
[6]陈赢男.植物性别决定机制研究进展[J].林业工程学报,2014,28(5):18-22.
[7]李瑞丽,卢龙斗,高武军,等.雌雄异株植物性别鉴定的研究进展[J].广西植物,2006,26(4):387-391.
[8]严欢欢,肖娟.杨永清.基于文献计量的植物雌雄异株研究进展[J].广西植物,2017,37(5):661-674.
[9]秦力,陈景丽,潘长田,等.植物性染色体进化及性别决定基因研究进展[J].植物学报,2016,51(6):841-848.
[10]杜彬彬,李交昆,唐璐璐.被子植物雌雄异株性别决定与性别连锁标记[J].生命科学研究,2017,21(2):159-165.
[11]赵宝玉,郜春丽,翁殊斐.华南地区雌雄异株植物资源及其园林应用[J].湖南林业科技,2013,40(1):41-44.
[12]何梅,孟明,施大伟,等.雌雄异株植物对干旱胁迫响应的性别差异[J].植物资源与环境学报,2015,24(1):99-106.
[13]杨妙贤,肖德兴,梁红,等.中华猕猴桃性别分化的细胞形态学观察[J].园艺学报,2011,38(2):257-264.
[14]赵云云.雌雄构树过氧化物酶同工酶的比较研究[J].首都师范大学学报(自然科学版),1996,17(2):84-87.
[15]范建平,杜军华,徐隆华,等.沙棘属植物单性异株雌雄鉴定及方法的研究[J].青海师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,28(1):81-85.
[16]杨俊杰,张天翔,蔡坤秀,等.用溴麝香草酚蓝鉴别芦笋成年植株的雌雄性[J].福建热作科技,2008,33(4):19-21.
[17]翟飞飞,孙振元.木本植物雌雄株生物学差异研究进展[J].林业科学,2015,51(10):110-116.
[18]尹立辉,詹亚中,李彩华,等.植物雌雄株性别鉴定研究方法的评价[J].植物研究,2003,23(1):123-128.
[19]NATSUME S,TAKAGI H,SHIRAISHI A,et al. The draft genome of Hop(Humulus lupulus),an essence for brewing[J]. Plant Cell Physiology,2015,56(3):428-441.
[20]王连军,邓传良,卢龙斗,等.葎草的核型和性染色体研究[J].河南农业科学,2007,36(10):61-63.
[21]GRABOWSKA-JOACHIMIAK A,MOSIOLEK M,LECH A,et al. Cbanding/DAPI and in situ hybridization reflect karyotype structure and sex chromosome differentiation in Humulus japonicus Siebold&Zucc[J]. Cytogenetuc and Genome Research,2011,132(3):203-211.