协同创新模式与涉农企业科技成果转化效率:研发禀赋结构的双门槛效应
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摘要
以2009—2016年中国涉农企业为研究对象,构建门槛模型实证检验不同类型协同创新模式对涉农企业科技成果转化效率的影响。结果发现:(1)涉农企业本期科技成果转化效率受前期影响显著,经费质量、人才质量、企业规模以及国有属性与涉农企业科技成果转化效率之间存在显著正相关关系;(2)外向开放式创新模式与创新联盟模式促进涉农企业科技成果转化效率提高的研发禀赋区间分别是(3.221,3.422]和(3.363,3.438];(3)当涉农企业研发禀赋结构不合理时,创新联盟模式与涉农企业科技成果转化效率之间无显著影响;当涉农企业研发禀赋结构处于"低研发经费-高研发人员"区间时,外向开放式创新模式可显著提高涉农企业科技成果转化效率。
This paper takes agricultural enterprises in China from 2009to 2016as the research object and builds a threshold model to empirically test the impact of different types of collaborative innovation models on the efficiency of transformation of scientific and technological achievements of agricultural enterprises.It is found that:(1)the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements of agriculture-related enterprises in the current period is significantly affected by the early stage,and there is a significant positive correlation between the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements of agriculture-related enterprises and the quality of funds,talent,enterprise scale and state-owned property;(2)the outward-oriented open innovation model and the innovative alliance model to promote the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements in agriculture-related enterprises are(3.221,3.422)and(3.363,3.438);(3)when the endowment structure of agriculture-related enterprises is not reasonable,there is no significant impact between the innovation alliance mode and the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements transformation of agriculture-related enterprises.When the endowment structure of agriculture-related enterprises is in the range of"low R&D outlay and high R&D personnel",the open-type innovation model can significantly improve the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements transformation of agriculture-related enterprises.
This paper takes agricultural enterprises in China from 2009to 2016as the research object and builds a threshold model to empirically test the impact of different types of collaborative innovation models on the efficiency of transformation of scientific and technological achievements of agricultural enterprises.It is found that:(1)the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements of agriculture-related enterprises in the current period is significantly affected by the early stage,and there is a significant positive correlation between the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements of agriculture-related enterprises and the quality of funds,talent,enterprise scale and state-owned property;(2)the outward-oriented open innovation model and the innovative alliance model to promote the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements in agriculture-related enterprises are(3.221,3.422)and(3.363,3.438);(3)when the endowment structure of agriculture-related enterprises is not reasonable,there is no significant impact between the innovation alliance mode and the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements transformation of agriculture-related enterprises.When the endowment structure of agriculture-related enterprises is in the range of"low R&D outlay and high R&D personnel",the open-type innovation model can significantly improve the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements transformation of agriculture-related enterprises.
引文
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[17]阳银娟,陈劲.开放式创新中市场导向对创新绩效的影响研究[J].科研管理,2015,36(3):103-110.
[18]邵福泽,周伟.开放式创新、战略柔性与创新绩效---一个交互效应模型[J].科技进步与对策,2016,33(9):1-7.
[19]LICHTENTHALER U.Outbound open innovation and its effect on firm performance:examining environmental influences[J].R&D Management,2009,39(4):317-330.
[20]TOM P,DRIES F,WIM V H.Toward a dynamic perspective on open innovation:a longitudinal assessment of the adoption of internal and external innovation strategies in the netherlands[J].International Journal of Innovation Management,2009,13(2):177-200.
[21]KEUPP M M,GASSMANN O.Determinants and archetype users of open innovation[J].R&D Management,2009,39(4):331-341.
[22]ZOLLO M,REUER J J,SINGH H.Interorganizational routines and performance in strategic alliances[M].NEWYORK:INFORMS,2002.
[23]解学梅,刘丝雨.协同创新模式对协同效应与创新绩效的影响机理[J].管理科学,2015,28(2):27-39.
[24]HAN N,JIN C,LI M.Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for risk assessment in collaborative innovation[J].Icic Express Letters,2015,9(1):289-295.
[25]INKPEN A C,BEAMISH P W.Knowledge,bargaining power,and the instability of international joint ventures[J].Academy of Management Review,1997,22(1):177-202.
[26]AHARONI Y,BROCK D M.International business research:Looking back and looking forward[J].Journal of International Management,2010,16(1):5-15.
[27]MAKINO S,CHAN C M,ISOBE T,et al.Intended and unintended termination of international joint ventures[J].Strategic Management Journal,2007,28(11):1113-1132.
[28]DAS T K,TENG B S.Instabilities of strategic alliances:an internal tensions perspective[J].Organization Science,2000,11(1):77-101.
[29]李东平,金勤勤,余庆来,等.新形势下加强区域农业科技协同创新的实践与思考---以安徽省农业科学院为例[J].农业科技管理,2016,35(6):19-21.
[30]司林波.装备制造业技术协同创新运行机制构建[J].科技进步与对策,2017,34(2):72-79.
[31]YOO S C,MENG J,LIM S.An analysis of the performance of global major airports using two-stage network DEA model[J].2017,45(1):65-92.
[32]HANSEN B E.Threshold effects in non-dynamic panels:estimation,testing,and inference[J].Journal of Econometrics,1999,93(2):345-368.
[33]孙凤娥,江永宏.我国地区R&D资本存量测算:1978-2015年[J].统计研究,2018,35(2):99-108.
[2]张艺,许治,朱桂龙.协同创新的内涵、层次与框架[J].科技进步与对策,2018,35(18):20-28.
[3]袁旭梅,蔡书文,王伟,等.高新技术产业协同创新系统建模与仿真[J].科技进步与对策,2018(4):63-71.
[4]NONAKA I.A Dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation[J].Organization Science,1994,5(1):14-37.
[5]ANSOFF H I.Corporate strategy:an analytic approach to business policy for growth and expansion[M].New York:McGraw-Hill Book,1965:15-33.
[6]HAKEN H SYNERGETICS.An introduction non-equilibrium phase transitions and self-organization in physics,chemistry and biology[M].New York:Springer,1983.
[7]HOFMAN E,FAEMS D,SCHLEIMER S C.Governing collaborative new product development:toward a configurational perspective on the role of contracts[J].Journal of Product Innovation Management,2017,34(3).
[8]SORENSEN E,TORFING J.Meta-governing collaborative innovation in governance networks[J].American Review of Public Administration,2016,47(7):826-839.
[9]BURG E V,BERENDS H,RAAIJ E M V.Framing and inter-organizational knowledge transfer:aprocess study of collaborative innovation in the aircraft industry[J].Journal of Management Studies,2014,51(3):349-378.
[10]GUO W,ZHENG Q,AN W,et al.User roles and contributions during the new product development process in collaborative innovation communities[J].Applied Ergonomics,2017(63):106-114.
[11]GERWIN D.Coordinating new product development in strategic alliances[J].Academy of Management Review,2004,29(2):241-257.
[12]骆品亮,陆毅,王安宇.合作R&D的组织形式与虚拟研发组织[J].科研管理,2002(6):67-73.
[13]CHESBROUGH H W.The era of open innovation[J].Mit Sloan Management Review,2003,44(3):35-41.
[14]GASSMANN O,ENKEL E.Towards a theory of open innovation:three core process archetypes[C].R&D Management Conference Sessimbra,2004:8-9.
[15]LAURSEN K,SALTER A.Open for innovation:the role of openness in explaining innovation performance among U.K.manufacturing firms[J].Strategic Management Journal,2006,27(2):131-150.
[16]CHESBROUGH H,CROWTHER A K.Beyond high tech:early adopters of open innovation in other industries[J].R&DManagement,2006,36(3):229-236.
[17]阳银娟,陈劲.开放式创新中市场导向对创新绩效的影响研究[J].科研管理,2015,36(3):103-110.
[18]邵福泽,周伟.开放式创新、战略柔性与创新绩效---一个交互效应模型[J].科技进步与对策,2016,33(9):1-7.
[19]LICHTENTHALER U.Outbound open innovation and its effect on firm performance:examining environmental influences[J].R&D Management,2009,39(4):317-330.
[20]TOM P,DRIES F,WIM V H.Toward a dynamic perspective on open innovation:a longitudinal assessment of the adoption of internal and external innovation strategies in the netherlands[J].International Journal of Innovation Management,2009,13(2):177-200.
[21]KEUPP M M,GASSMANN O.Determinants and archetype users of open innovation[J].R&D Management,2009,39(4):331-341.
[22]ZOLLO M,REUER J J,SINGH H.Interorganizational routines and performance in strategic alliances[M].NEWYORK:INFORMS,2002.
[23]解学梅,刘丝雨.协同创新模式对协同效应与创新绩效的影响机理[J].管理科学,2015,28(2):27-39.
[24]HAN N,JIN C,LI M.Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for risk assessment in collaborative innovation[J].Icic Express Letters,2015,9(1):289-295.
[25]INKPEN A C,BEAMISH P W.Knowledge,bargaining power,and the instability of international joint ventures[J].Academy of Management Review,1997,22(1):177-202.
[26]AHARONI Y,BROCK D M.International business research:Looking back and looking forward[J].Journal of International Management,2010,16(1):5-15.
[27]MAKINO S,CHAN C M,ISOBE T,et al.Intended and unintended termination of international joint ventures[J].Strategic Management Journal,2007,28(11):1113-1132.
[28]DAS T K,TENG B S.Instabilities of strategic alliances:an internal tensions perspective[J].Organization Science,2000,11(1):77-101.
[29]李东平,金勤勤,余庆来,等.新形势下加强区域农业科技协同创新的实践与思考---以安徽省农业科学院为例[J].农业科技管理,2016,35(6):19-21.
[30]司林波.装备制造业技术协同创新运行机制构建[J].科技进步与对策,2017,34(2):72-79.
[31]YOO S C,MENG J,LIM S.An analysis of the performance of global major airports using two-stage network DEA model[J].2017,45(1):65-92.
[32]HANSEN B E.Threshold effects in non-dynamic panels:estimation,testing,and inference[J].Journal of Econometrics,1999,93(2):345-368.
[33]孙凤娥,江永宏.我国地区R&D资本存量测算:1978-2015年[J].统计研究,2018,35(2):99-108.