板岩各向异性三轴蠕变特性的试验研究
|
摘要
为了研究板岩三轴蠕变特性,根据层理方向,对板岩进行0°和90°制备岩样,然后分别进行5 MPa、15 MPa和20 MPa围压的三轴蠕变试验。试验结果显示:围压和层理面是板岩蠕变的影响因素,围压越大,板岩的弹性模量和峰值强度越大。15 MPa围压下弹性模量和峰值强度各向异性度最大。同一围压下,平行层理面的峰值强度和弹性模量比垂直层理面的大。应力-应变曲线呈"厂"字形,板岩在低应力水平下蠕变很小,在临近破坏的高应力水平下有明显蠕变现象。围压越低,蠕变现象越明显,垂直层理面比平行层理面更易发生蠕变破坏。板岩每级加载都会出现瞬时应变且近似呈线性变化。板岩在最后一级加载下经历了初期蠕变、稳态蠕变和加速蠕变,在5 MPa和15 MPa围压下稳态蠕变期间有突变蠕变。板岩蠕变破裂形式主要沿层理面发生破坏,在低围压下附带张拉破坏,在高围压下附带剪切破坏。
In order to study the triaxial creep characteristics of slate,and according to the bedding direction,0°and 90° slate rock samples are prepared,then triaxial creep test are conducted under the confining pressure of5 MPa,15 MPa and 20 MPa. The results show that confining and bedding are the influencing factors of slate creep,with the confining pressure increases,the elastic modulus and the peak strength of slate get greater. The degree of anisotropy is the greatest with the confining pressure of 15 MPa. With the same confining pressure,the peak strength and elastic modulus of parallel bedding are greater than those of vertical bedding. The stress-strain curve like a Chinese word "chang",the slate creeps slowly under the low stress level,and creeps obviously when comes to the high stress level. The lower the confining pressure is,the more obvious the creep phenomenon is,the vertical bedding samples are more prone to creep damage than parallel bedding. The instantaneous strain which shows approximate linear change is found in each stage of slate loading. The plate rock experiences initial creep,steadystate creep and accelerated creep under the last stage loading,there is saltatorial creep during the steady-state creep under the confining pressure of 5 MPa and 15 MPa. The rupture form of slate creep mainly occurs along with the bedding plane,there will be tensile failure under low confining pressure,and shear failure will be occured under the high confining pressure.
In order to study the triaxial creep characteristics of slate,and according to the bedding direction,0°and 90° slate rock samples are prepared,then triaxial creep test are conducted under the confining pressure of5 MPa,15 MPa and 20 MPa. The results show that confining and bedding are the influencing factors of slate creep,with the confining pressure increases,the elastic modulus and the peak strength of slate get greater. The degree of anisotropy is the greatest with the confining pressure of 15 MPa. With the same confining pressure,the peak strength and elastic modulus of parallel bedding are greater than those of vertical bedding. The stress-strain curve like a Chinese word "chang",the slate creeps slowly under the low stress level,and creeps obviously when comes to the high stress level. The lower the confining pressure is,the more obvious the creep phenomenon is,the vertical bedding samples are more prone to creep damage than parallel bedding. The instantaneous strain which shows approximate linear change is found in each stage of slate loading. The plate rock experiences initial creep,steadystate creep and accelerated creep under the last stage loading,there is saltatorial creep during the steady-state creep under the confining pressure of 5 MPa and 15 MPa. The rupture form of slate creep mainly occurs along with the bedding plane,there will be tensile failure under low confining pressure,and shear failure will be occured under the high confining pressure.
引文
1张治亮,徐卫亚,王伟.向家坝水电站坝基挤压带岩石三轴蠕变试验及非线性黏弹塑性蠕变模型研究.岩石力学与工程学报,2011;30(1):132—140Zhang Zhiliang,Xu Weiya,Wang Wei.Study of triaxial creep tests and its nonlinear visco-elastoplastic creep model of rock from compressive zone of dam foundation in Xiangjiaba hydropower station.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011;30(1):132 —140
2 张龙云,张强勇,杨尚阳,等.大岗山坝区辉绿岩卸围压三轴流变试验及分析.中南大学学报(自然科学版),2015;46(3):1034—1042Zhang Longyun,Zhang Qiangyong,Yang Shangyang,et al.Analysis of unloading confining pressure triaxial rheological tests of diabase in Dagangshan dam side.Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2015;46(3):1034—1042
3 石振明,张力.锦屏绿片岩分级加载流变试验研究.同济大学学报(自然科学版),2011;39(3):320—326Shi Zhenming,Zhang Li.Study on rheological test of Jinping greenschist under step load.Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2011;39(3):320—326
4 孙钧.岩土材料流变及其工程应用.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1999Sun Jun.Rheology of rock and soil materials and its engineering application.Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,1999
5 范庆忠,李术才,高延法.软岩三轴蠕变特性的试验研究.岩石力学与工程学报,2007;26(7):1381—1385Fan Qingzhong,Li Shucai,Gao Yanfa.Experimental study on creep properties of soft rock under triaxial compression.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007;26(7):1381—1385
6 巫德斌,徐卫亚,朱珍德,等.泥板岩流变试验与黏弹性本构模型研究.岩石力学与工程学报,2004;23(8):1242—1246Wu Debin,Xu Weiya,Zhu Zhende,et al.Study on rheological test and viscoelastical constitutive model for shale.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004;23(8):1242—1246
7 刘学增,王华牢,周敏,等.板岩流变特性试验与模型辨识.同济大学学报(自然科学版),2010;38(5):664—672Liu Xuezeng,Wang Hualao,Zhou Min,et al.Rheological tests of slates and model identification of rocks.Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2010;38(5):664—672
8 王维忠,尹光志,赵洪宝,等.含瓦斯煤岩三轴蠕变特性及本构关系.重庆大学学报,2009;32(2):197—201Wang Weizhong,Yin Guangzhi,Zhao Hongbao,et al.Triaxial creep characteristics and constitutive relation of gas-containing coal.Journal of Chongqing University,2009;32(2):197—201
9 朱昌星,黄增慧,韩宪军.基于三轴蠕变试验砂岩非线性蠕变模型研究.河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2015;34(4):468—471Zhu Changxing,Huang Zenghui,Han Xianjun.Study on nonlinear creep model based on sandstone triaxial creep experiment.Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science),2015;34(4):468 —471
10 康亚明,贾延.水压轴压长期共同作用下深部矿井灰岩蠕变特性试验研究.科学技术与工程,2015;15(15):200—203Kang Yaming,Jia Yan.Preliminary experimental study on creep properties of deep mine limestone subjected to water confining pressure environment.Science Technology and Engineering,2015;15(15):200—203
11 陈文玲,赵法锁.云母石英片岩的三轴蠕变试验研究.工程地质学报,2007;15(4):545—548Chen Wenling,Zhao Fasuo.Triaxial testing study on creep characteristics of mica-quartzose schist.Journal of Engineering Geology,2007;15(4):545—548
12 衡帅,杨春和,张保平,等.页岩各向异性特征的试验研究.岩土力学,2015;36(3):609—616Heng Shuai,Yang Chunhe,Zhang Baoping,et al.Experimental research on anisotropic properties of shale.Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015;36(3):609—616
13 冒海军,杨春和,刘江,等.板岩蠕变特性试验研究与模拟分析.岩石力学与工程学报,2006;25(6):1204—1209Mao Haijun,Yang Chunhe,Liu Jiang,et al.Testing study and modeling analysis of creep behavior of slates.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006;25(6):1204—1209
2 张龙云,张强勇,杨尚阳,等.大岗山坝区辉绿岩卸围压三轴流变试验及分析.中南大学学报(自然科学版),2015;46(3):1034—1042Zhang Longyun,Zhang Qiangyong,Yang Shangyang,et al.Analysis of unloading confining pressure triaxial rheological tests of diabase in Dagangshan dam side.Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2015;46(3):1034—1042
3 石振明,张力.锦屏绿片岩分级加载流变试验研究.同济大学学报(自然科学版),2011;39(3):320—326Shi Zhenming,Zhang Li.Study on rheological test of Jinping greenschist under step load.Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2011;39(3):320—326
4 孙钧.岩土材料流变及其工程应用.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1999Sun Jun.Rheology of rock and soil materials and its engineering application.Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,1999
5 范庆忠,李术才,高延法.软岩三轴蠕变特性的试验研究.岩石力学与工程学报,2007;26(7):1381—1385Fan Qingzhong,Li Shucai,Gao Yanfa.Experimental study on creep properties of soft rock under triaxial compression.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007;26(7):1381—1385
6 巫德斌,徐卫亚,朱珍德,等.泥板岩流变试验与黏弹性本构模型研究.岩石力学与工程学报,2004;23(8):1242—1246Wu Debin,Xu Weiya,Zhu Zhende,et al.Study on rheological test and viscoelastical constitutive model for shale.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004;23(8):1242—1246
7 刘学增,王华牢,周敏,等.板岩流变特性试验与模型辨识.同济大学学报(自然科学版),2010;38(5):664—672Liu Xuezeng,Wang Hualao,Zhou Min,et al.Rheological tests of slates and model identification of rocks.Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2010;38(5):664—672
8 王维忠,尹光志,赵洪宝,等.含瓦斯煤岩三轴蠕变特性及本构关系.重庆大学学报,2009;32(2):197—201Wang Weizhong,Yin Guangzhi,Zhao Hongbao,et al.Triaxial creep characteristics and constitutive relation of gas-containing coal.Journal of Chongqing University,2009;32(2):197—201
9 朱昌星,黄增慧,韩宪军.基于三轴蠕变试验砂岩非线性蠕变模型研究.河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2015;34(4):468—471Zhu Changxing,Huang Zenghui,Han Xianjun.Study on nonlinear creep model based on sandstone triaxial creep experiment.Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science),2015;34(4):468 —471
10 康亚明,贾延.水压轴压长期共同作用下深部矿井灰岩蠕变特性试验研究.科学技术与工程,2015;15(15):200—203Kang Yaming,Jia Yan.Preliminary experimental study on creep properties of deep mine limestone subjected to water confining pressure environment.Science Technology and Engineering,2015;15(15):200—203
11 陈文玲,赵法锁.云母石英片岩的三轴蠕变试验研究.工程地质学报,2007;15(4):545—548Chen Wenling,Zhao Fasuo.Triaxial testing study on creep characteristics of mica-quartzose schist.Journal of Engineering Geology,2007;15(4):545—548
12 衡帅,杨春和,张保平,等.页岩各向异性特征的试验研究.岩土力学,2015;36(3):609—616Heng Shuai,Yang Chunhe,Zhang Baoping,et al.Experimental research on anisotropic properties of shale.Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015;36(3):609—616
13 冒海军,杨春和,刘江,等.板岩蠕变特性试验研究与模拟分析.岩石力学与工程学报,2006;25(6):1204—1209Mao Haijun,Yang Chunhe,Liu Jiang,et al.Testing study and modeling analysis of creep behavior of slates.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006;25(6):1204—1209