基于电光调制光频梳绝对测距的理论及实验分析
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摘要
为满足高精度、大尺寸、高动态的测量需求,提出一种基于光学频率梳方法的绝对测量方案。采用级联相位调制器和强度调制器的电光调制方法生成平坦的光学频率梳,可以实现频率的直接溯源,成本低且易于复现。实现了对数学模型的建立及生成质量的评估,并且将其应用于改进的多波长测距系统中。该系统实现了对传统的多波长测量系统的简化,通过解算出合成波长的相位信息实现了对绝对距离的测量以及对测量过程中噪声和不确定度的分析。
To meet the requirements of high-precision,long-distance,and highly dynamic measurements,this article proposes a scheme for absolute distance measurement based on optical frequency combs.Cascaded phase modulators and intensity modulators are used to electro-optically generate a flat-top optical frequency comb.The system offers advantages,including direct traceability,cost efficiency,and reproducibility.Furthermore,a mathematical model is formulated and used to assess the quality of the optical frequency comb generated for use in a multi-heterodyne ranging system.The system is simpler than traditional multi-wavelength measurement systems,and realizes absolute distance measurements by extracting phase information from the synthesized wavelengths of the optical comb.The mathematical model presented herein is used to analyze the noise and uncertainty involved in the system.
To meet the requirements of high-precision,long-distance,and highly dynamic measurements,this article proposes a scheme for absolute distance measurement based on optical frequency combs.Cascaded phase modulators and intensity modulators are used to electro-optically generate a flat-top optical frequency comb.The system offers advantages,including direct traceability,cost efficiency,and reproducibility.Furthermore,a mathematical model is formulated and used to assess the quality of the optical frequency comb generated for use in a multi-heterodyne ranging system.The system is simpler than traditional multi-wavelength measurement systems,and realizes absolute distance measurements by extracting phase information from the synthesized wavelengths of the optical comb.The mathematical model presented herein is used to analyze the noise and uncertainty involved in the system.
引文
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[15]Kolner B H,Nazarathy M.Temporal imaging with a time lens[J].Optics Letters,1989,14(12):630-632.
[16]Dou Y J,Zhang H M,Yao M Y.Ultra-short optical pulse generation based on optical frequency comb and application in optical analog-to-digital conversion[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2012,39(12):1205006.窦玉杰,张洪明,姚敏玉.基于光频梳的超短光脉冲的产生及其在光模数转换中的应用[J].中国激光,2012,39(12):1205006.
[17]Yang T,Dong J J,Liao S S,et al.Comparison analysis of optical frequency comb generation with nonlinear effects in highly nonlinear fibers[J].Optics Express,2013,21(7):8508-8520.
[18]Zhao X N,Qu X H,Zhang F M,et al.Absolute distance measurement by multi-heterodyne interferometry using an electro-optic triple comb[J].Optics Letters,2018,43(4):807-810.
[19]Delfyett P,Bhooplapur S,Klee A,et al.Optical frequency combs from mode-locked diode lasersapplications in communications,signal processing&radar for avionics[C]∥2015IEEE Avionics and Vehicle Fiber-Optics and Photonics Conference(AVFOP),November 10-12,Santa Barbara,CA,USA.New York:IEEE.2015:32-33.
[20]Yang R T,Pollinger F,Meiners-Hagen K,et al.Absolute distance measurement by dual-comb interferometry with multi-channel digital lock-in phase detection[J].Measurement Science and Technology,2015,26(8):084001.
[2]Spencer D T,Drake T,Briles T C,et al.An opticalfrequency synthesizer using integrated photonics[J].Nature,2018,557(7703):81-85.
[3]Zhao X,Li C,Li T,et al.Dead-band-free,highresolution microwave frequency measurement using a free-running triple-comb fiber laser[J].IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics,2018,24(3):1-8.
[4]Wu H Z,Zhang F M,Liu T Y,et al.Absolute distance measurement by multi-heterodyne interferometry using a frequency comb and a cavitystabilized tunable laser[J].Applied Optics,2016,55(15):4210-4218.
[5]Liu T Y,Zhang F M,Wu H Z,et al.Timefrequency analysis in absolute distance measurement using chirped pulse interferometry[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2016,43(9):0904005.刘亭洋,张福民,吴翰钟,等.脉冲啁啾干涉绝对距离测量中的时频分析[J].中国激光,2016,43(9):0904005.
[6]Coillet A,Chembo Y K.Routes to spatiotemporal chaos in Kerr optical frequency combs[J].Chaos:An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science,2014,24(1):013113.
[7]Sakamoto T,Chiba A.Multiple-frequency-spaced flat optical comb generation using a multiple-parallel phase modulator[J].Optics Letters,2017,42(21):4462-4465.
[8]Mildner J,Meiners-Hagen K,Pollinger F.Dualfrequency comb generation with differing GHz repetition rates by parallel Fabry-Perot cavity filtering of a single broadband frequency comb source[J].Measurement Science and Technology,2016,27(7):074011.
[9]Kuse N Y,Schibli T R,Fermann M E.Low noise electro-optic comb generation by fully stabilizing to a mode-locked fiber comb[J].Optics Express,2016,24(15):16884-16893.
[10]Kourogi M,Nakagawa K,Ohtsu M.Wide-span optical frequency comb generator for accurate optical frequency difference measurement[J].IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics,1993,29(10):2693-2701.
[11]Wu R,Torres-Company V,Leaird D E,et al.Supercontinuum-based 10-GHz flat-topped optical frequency comb generation[J].Optics Express,2013,21(5):6045-6052.
[12]Torres-Company V,Weiner A M.Optical frequency comb technology for ultra-broadband radio-frequency photonics[J].Laser&Photonics Reviews,2013,8(3):368-393.
[13]Morohashi I,Sakamoto T,Sotobayashi H,et al.Broadband wavelength-tunable ultrashort pulse source using a Mach-Zehnder modulator and dispersionflattened dispersion-decreasing fiber[J].Optics Letters,2009,34(15):2297-2299.
[14]Morohashi I,Sakamoto T,Sekine N,et al.Ultrashort optical pulse source using Mach-Zehndermodulator-based flat comb generator[J].Nano Communication Networks,2016,10:79-84.
[15]Kolner B H,Nazarathy M.Temporal imaging with a time lens[J].Optics Letters,1989,14(12):630-632.
[16]Dou Y J,Zhang H M,Yao M Y.Ultra-short optical pulse generation based on optical frequency comb and application in optical analog-to-digital conversion[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2012,39(12):1205006.窦玉杰,张洪明,姚敏玉.基于光频梳的超短光脉冲的产生及其在光模数转换中的应用[J].中国激光,2012,39(12):1205006.
[17]Yang T,Dong J J,Liao S S,et al.Comparison analysis of optical frequency comb generation with nonlinear effects in highly nonlinear fibers[J].Optics Express,2013,21(7):8508-8520.
[18]Zhao X N,Qu X H,Zhang F M,et al.Absolute distance measurement by multi-heterodyne interferometry using an electro-optic triple comb[J].Optics Letters,2018,43(4):807-810.
[19]Delfyett P,Bhooplapur S,Klee A,et al.Optical frequency combs from mode-locked diode lasersapplications in communications,signal processing&radar for avionics[C]∥2015IEEE Avionics and Vehicle Fiber-Optics and Photonics Conference(AVFOP),November 10-12,Santa Barbara,CA,USA.New York:IEEE.2015:32-33.
[20]Yang R T,Pollinger F,Meiners-Hagen K,et al.Absolute distance measurement by dual-comb interferometry with multi-channel digital lock-in phase detection[J].Measurement Science and Technology,2015,26(8):084001.