新型闪电电场变化测量系统设计
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摘要
为改善传统闪电电场测量设备抗干扰性差、参考时间精度低的缺点,提出一种采用板卡式结构的新型闪电电场测量系统。将板卡结构置于天线内部,实现电场的感知和采集的高度集成,使用数字量传输采集信号提高抗干扰性,利用GPS授时和FPGA计数记录闪电的精确时间。实测结果表明:该系统可以有效测量频率高达5 MHz的大气电场的快速变化过程,采集速度最大可达20 MB/s,GPS时间精度为50 ns。该系统能捕获更加精细和准确的闪电电场数据,为闪电发生的过程和机制研究提供仪器基础。
In order to improve the anti-interference performance and reference time accuracy of traditional lightning electric field measurement equipment, this paper put forward a new lightning electric field measurement system based on board card structure. Board structure was placed inside the antenna, which realized the high integration of perception and gathered of the electric field.Gathering signal transmitted in digital signal had a strong anti-interference. It combined GPS timing and FPGA counting to record the exact time of lightning. Experimental results show that the system can effectively measure the rapid change process of atmospheric electric field at frequencies up to5 MHz, acquisition speed up to 20 MB/s, GPS time accuracy of 50 ns. The system can capture more sophisticated and accurate lightning electric field data and provide instrumental protection for the study of lightning processes and mechanisms.
In order to improve the anti-interference performance and reference time accuracy of traditional lightning electric field measurement equipment, this paper put forward a new lightning electric field measurement system based on board card structure. Board structure was placed inside the antenna, which realized the high integration of perception and gathered of the electric field.Gathering signal transmitted in digital signal had a strong anti-interference. It combined GPS timing and FPGA counting to record the exact time of lightning. Experimental results show that the system can effectively measure the rapid change process of atmospheric electric field at frequencies up to5 MHz, acquisition speed up to 20 MB/s, GPS time accuracy of 50 ns. The system can capture more sophisticated and accurate lightning electric field data and provide instrumental protection for the study of lightning processes and mechanisms.
引文
[1]王东方,郄秀书,袁铁,等.利用快电场变化脉冲定位进行云闪初始放电过程的研究[J].气象学报,2009,67(1):165-174.
[2]Kitagawa N,Brook M.A comparison of intra-cloud and cloud-to-ground lightning discharges[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1960,65(4):1189-1201.
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[4]邱实,周璧华,郭建明,等.闪电电场测量研究[J].电波科学学报,2011,26(1):79-83.
[5]李伏琼,田杨萌,郄秀书,等.雷电多参量快速大容量数据采集和分析系统[J].北京机械工业学院学报,2007,22(3):10-14.
[6]范雯杰,张义军,孟青,等.实时闪电电磁场同步观测系统[J].气象科技,2011,39(6):803-807.
[7]张彤,张广庶,郄秀书.雷电电磁辐射脉冲的GPS多站同步系统[J].高原气象,2003,22(3):306-310.
[8]张广庶,张彤,郄秀书,等.闪电同步记录触发装置[J].高原气象,2003,22(3):311-314.
[9]燕斌,赵飞.基于GPS授时的异步同步数据采集系统[J].电子科技,2008,21(12):46-49.
[10]谭安菊,龚彬.USB2.0控制器CY7C68013与FPGA接口的Verilog HDL实现[J].电子工程师,2007,33(7):52-55.
[2]Kitagawa N,Brook M.A comparison of intra-cloud and cloud-to-ground lightning discharges[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1960,65(4):1189-1201.
[3]周璧华,郭建明,邱实,等.闪电电场变化测量仪研究[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(4):1114-1120.
[4]邱实,周璧华,郭建明,等.闪电电场测量研究[J].电波科学学报,2011,26(1):79-83.
[5]李伏琼,田杨萌,郄秀书,等.雷电多参量快速大容量数据采集和分析系统[J].北京机械工业学院学报,2007,22(3):10-14.
[6]范雯杰,张义军,孟青,等.实时闪电电磁场同步观测系统[J].气象科技,2011,39(6):803-807.
[7]张彤,张广庶,郄秀书.雷电电磁辐射脉冲的GPS多站同步系统[J].高原气象,2003,22(3):306-310.
[8]张广庶,张彤,郄秀书,等.闪电同步记录触发装置[J].高原气象,2003,22(3):311-314.
[9]燕斌,赵飞.基于GPS授时的异步同步数据采集系统[J].电子科技,2008,21(12):46-49.
[10]谭安菊,龚彬.USB2.0控制器CY7C68013与FPGA接口的Verilog HDL实现[J].电子工程师,2007,33(7):52-55.