大棚延后栽培椪柑品质动态变化研究
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摘要
目前露地椪柑采摘时成熟度低,酸度高,品质不佳,市场收购价波动较大。为了发展精品椪柑、错峰销售,文章研究了衢州地区椪柑大棚延后栽培果实品质动态变化,于2017年对大棚延后栽培的椪柑与露地栽培椪柑进行了对比试验,结果表明:设施栽培条件下椪柑延后采摘,果实可溶性固形物含量总体呈上升趋势,12月底之后显著高于同期露地椪柑,大棚椪柑的果实固酸比一直高于露地椪柑,1月中旬之后大棚椪柑浮皮较为严重且可食率下降明显。试验表明大棚延后栽培椪柑果实品质高于露地栽培椪柑,适宜采收期为1月上旬。
At present, the maturity of ponkan grown in open field is low, the acidity is high, the quality is not good, and the market purchase price fluctuates greatly. In order to develop the sale of high-quality ponkan and staggered peak sales, this paper studied the dynamic changes of fruit quality in delayed cultivation of ponkan in Quzhou area. The experiment was carried out in 2017 with delayed cultivation of ponkan in greenhouse facilities and open-field cultivation of ponkan. The results showed that the content of soluble solids in delayed harvesting fruits of ponkan under protected cultivation showed an overall upward trend, which was significantly higher after the end of December than that of open-field ponkan in the same period. The fruit solid-acid ratio of greenhouse ponkan citrus was always higher than that of open-field ponkan. After mid-January, the floating peel of greenhouse ponkan was more serious and the edible rate decreased significantly. The results showed that the fruit quality of ponkan in greenhouse delayed cultivation was higher than that in open-field cultivation,and the suitable harvest time was early January.
At present, the maturity of ponkan grown in open field is low, the acidity is high, the quality is not good, and the market purchase price fluctuates greatly. In order to develop the sale of high-quality ponkan and staggered peak sales, this paper studied the dynamic changes of fruit quality in delayed cultivation of ponkan in Quzhou area. The experiment was carried out in 2017 with delayed cultivation of ponkan in greenhouse facilities and open-field cultivation of ponkan. The results showed that the content of soluble solids in delayed harvesting fruits of ponkan under protected cultivation showed an overall upward trend, which was significantly higher after the end of December than that of open-field ponkan in the same period. The fruit solid-acid ratio of greenhouse ponkan citrus was always higher than that of open-field ponkan. After mid-January, the floating peel of greenhouse ponkan was more serious and the edible rate decreased significantly. The results showed that the fruit quality of ponkan in greenhouse delayed cultivation was higher than that in open-field cultivation,and the suitable harvest time was early January.
引文
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[2]吴文明,朱一成,秦巧平,等.不同采摘成熟度对椪柑采后贮藏性及品质的影响[J].中国果菜, 2017,(8):4-8.
[3]刘高平,王允镔,胡丹,等.大棚设施延后栽培对本地早果实品质的影响[J].浙江柑橘, 2012, 29(2):25-27.
[4]翁水珍,刘烨珏,汪飞燕.椪柑设施栽培前景与效益分析[J]. 2017, 34(6):19-21.
[5]盛文磊.设施柑橘完熟栽培品质变化和浮皮研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学, 2008.
[6]石学根,徐建国,林媚,等.设施栽培条件下冬季温州蜜柑果实品质的变化[J].浙江农业学报, 2006, 18(1):32-36.
[7]刘国琴,宋勤飞,谢勇.椪柑果实贮藏过程中主要品质的变化研究[J].北方园艺, 2010,(6):195-197.
[8]王振兴,彭良志.柑橘设施栽培研究进展[J].南方农业,2009, 3(1):57-60.
[9]万勇,李春玲,邹远鹏,等.几种简易设施栽培对椪柑果实品质的影响[J].华中农业大学学报, 2011, 30(5):572-577.
[10]黄国林,肖远志,李健权,等.柑橘设施栽培现状与发展趋势[J].湖南农业科学, 2013,(8):123-125.
[11]夏丽桂.柑橘设施栽培现状及效益浅析[J].农业开发与装备, 2014,(12):64.
[12]方波,彭抒昂,盛文磊,等.温州蜜柑设施延迟栽培条件下的果实品质变化[J].湖北农业科学, 2009, 48(10):2469-2473.