液压系统在石油钻机上应用的研究进展
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摘要
随着石油钻采的不断发展,钻井施工难度日益加大,很难满足井下石油钻采作业强度和效率的需要。在对国内外石油装备资料进行广泛调研的基础上,详细介绍了石油钻机关键设备中钻孔器、防喷器、泄油器和油管牵引器的液压系统。为推动国产石油钻采系统关键设备技术水平的提高,在分析井下石油钻采关键设备中液压系统的主要特征并对其组成和功能进行评述的基础上,对国内外液压系统在石油钻机上的应用现状进行综述。结合国内外研究进展,提出了井下石油钻采关键设备中液压系统向高可靠性、高劳动强度、高工作效率和低故障率方向发展的建议。
With the continuous development of oil drilling,drilling construction is increasingly difficult,it is difficult to meet the needs of underground oil drilling intensity and efficiency. Based on the extensive research on the petroleum equipment data at home and abroad,the hydraulic system of drill,blowout preventer,oil drain and tubing tractor in the key equipment of oil drilling rig is introduced in detail. In order to promote the improvement of the technical level of the key equipments in the domestic oil drilling system,based on the analysis of the main features of the hydraulic system in the key equipment of underground oil drilling and its composition and function,The status of the application of the hydraulic system at home and abroad on the oil drilling rig is reviewed. Combined with the research progress at home and abroad,the author puts forward the suggestion that the hydraulic system in the key equipment of underground oil drilling should develop in the direction of high reliability,high labor intensity,high work efficiency and low failure rate.
With the continuous development of oil drilling,drilling construction is increasingly difficult,it is difficult to meet the needs of underground oil drilling intensity and efficiency. Based on the extensive research on the petroleum equipment data at home and abroad,the hydraulic system of drill,blowout preventer,oil drain and tubing tractor in the key equipment of oil drilling rig is introduced in detail. In order to promote the improvement of the technical level of the key equipments in the domestic oil drilling system,based on the analysis of the main features of the hydraulic system in the key equipment of underground oil drilling and its composition and function,The status of the application of the hydraulic system at home and abroad on the oil drilling rig is reviewed. Combined with the research progress at home and abroad,the author puts forward the suggestion that the hydraulic system in the key equipment of underground oil drilling should develop in the direction of high reliability,high labor intensity,high work efficiency and low failure rate.
引文
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[5]刘丽.定向井表层大井径钻井用双中心钻头[J].国外石油机械,1999,(1):14.LIU Li.A Double Center Drill for the Large Well Diameter Drilling in the Well of the Well[J].Foreign Oil Machinery,1999,(1):14.
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[7]马清明,徐俊良,王瑞和.石油钻井用机械式PDC随钻扩眼工具的研制[J].制造业自动化,2006,25(3):20-23.MA Qingming,XU Junliang,WANG Ruihe.The Development of Mechanical PDC with Drilling Tool[J].Manufacturing Automation,2006,25(3):20-23.
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[9]高清春,吴兴国,丁文正,等.一种液压铰链式随钻扩眼器:CN 205117219 U[P].2016-03-30.GAO Qingchun,WU Xingguo,DING Wenzheng,et al.A Hydraulic Hinge Type with Drilling Reamer:CN 205117219U[P].2016-03-30.
[10]MICHAEL L,STEPHEN D.Mccoy.Hydraulic Underreamer and Sections for Use Therein:AU2487182[P].2000-08-29.
[11]蔡镜崙.牙轮扩孔器:CN 101787857 A[P].2010-07-28.CAI Jinglun.The Cone Reamer:CN 101787857 A[P].2010-07-28.
[12]刘广志.钻进砾石层的新方法-套管“管下扩孔器”钻探法[J].国外地质勘探技术,1987,(4):20.LIU Guangzhi.New Method for Drilling Into Gravel Layer:the Drilling Method of Tube Reamer[J].Foreign Geological Prospecting Technique,1987,(4):20.
[13]胡挺,杨德喜,王超,等.液力随钻扩眼器:CN 202100198U[P].2012-01-04.HU Ting,YANG Dexi,WANG Chao,et al.Hydraulic with Drilling Reamer:CN 202100198 U[P].2012-01-04.
[14]于海平,刘虎.HR型液压式扩孔器在埃及GPC油田的应用[J].石油钻探技术,2005,33(4):56-57.YU Haiping,LIU Hu.HR Type Hydraulic Reamer in Egypt GPC Field Application[J].Oil Drilling Technology,2005,33(4):56-57.
[15]梁伟成,刘宝,王安平.液压式防喷自动控制器:CN105422037 A[P].2016-03-23.LIANG Weicheng,LIU Bao,WANG Anping.Hydraulic Type Blowout Automatic Controller:CN 105422037 A[P].2016-03-23.
[16]GU J.Gate Locking Device for Blowout Preventer:WO2016/173439 A1[P].2016-11-03.
[17]董岩,刘姜涛,于成龙,等.一种新型主动密封式旋转防喷器的研制[J].石油机械,2014,42(10):22-24.DONG Yan,LIU Jiangtao,YU Chenglong.Development of a New Type of Active Sealed Rotary Blowout Preventer[J].Petroleum Machinery,2014,42(10):22-24.
[18]FRANK S,DAN F.New Generatong of Subea BOP Equipment Control Smaller,Stronger,Cleaner,Smarter[J].Drilling Contractor Magazine,2008,(3/4):96-102.
[19]FRANK B S,ERIC T E.Subsea Power Fliud Recovery System:SU8464525B2[P].2013.
[20]王玮,王兴民,宋瑞兴.旋转防喷器:CN 204984334 U[P].2016-01-20.WANG Wei,WANG Xingmin,SONG Ruixing.Rotary Blowout Preventer:CN 204984334 U[P].2016-01-20.
[21]CLIFFORD L H.Automated Blowout Preventer Control and Testing System:2016/0327447 A1[P].Nov.10.2016.
[22]DOMINIQUE A.New Generation of Deep-water BOP Stacks[C].Paris:Journess Annuelles Des Hydrocarbures,2013.
[23]OE Staff.Cameron Introduces New Subsea BOP Controlsystom[N].OE Digital,2014.
[24]许宏奇.“海洋石油981”深水半潜式钻井平台防喷器组与控制系统创新与实践[J].中国船舶,2013,54(增1):267-275.XU Hongqi.“Marine Oil 981”Deep-water Semi-submersible Drilling Platform Blowout Preventer Group and Control System Innovation and Practice[J].Chinese Ships,2013,54(Z1):267-275.
[25]王立国,何生龙,王永军,等.一种液压泄油器:CN204457613 U[P].2015-07-08.WANG Liguo,HE Shenglong,WANG Yongjun,et al.A Hydraulic Drainer:CN 204457613 U[P].2015-07-08.
[26]李天营.油井用防阻限压锚定泄油器:CN 201574726 U[P].2010-09-08.LI Tianying.The Oil Well Uses the Anti-resistance Pressure to Anchor the Oil Spill:CN 20157 4726 U[P].2010
[27]李大建,黄伟,吕亿明,等.自锁式液压泄油器:CN202249945 U[P].2012-05-30.LI Dajian,HUANG Wei,LV Yiming,et al.Self-locking Hydraulic Drainer:CN 202249945 U[P].2012-05-30.
[28]LE Gac.Pressure Lock Bleeder for a Well Head Giving Access to a Hydrocarbon Deposit or to Undergound Store of Gas:CA1302234[P].1992-06-02.
[29]黄祥,黄伟,黄树,等.外滑套式液压泄油器:CN205445548 U[P].2016-08-10.HUANG Xiang,HUANG Wei,HUANG Shu,et al.External Sliding Sleeve Hydraulic Drainer:CN 205445548 U[P].2016-08-10.
[30]刘树高,周俊杰,王存博,等.大斜度井单向液压泄油器:CN 201963256[P].2011-09-07.LIU Shugao,ZHOU Junjie,WANG Cunbo,et al.A Hydraulic Oil Drainer in a Large Incline Well:CN 201963256[P].2011-09-07.
[31]霍彦莉,刘树高,杨静.ZH1井新型工具的研制与应用[J].内蒙古石油化工,2016,(11):60-61.HUO Yanli,LIU Shugao,YANG Jing.The Development and Application of New Tools for ZH1 Well[J].Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry,2016,(11):60-61.
[32]马士文,易庆明.压缩式泄油器研制与应用[J].石油矿场机械,2003,32(3):40-42.MA Shiwen,YI Qingming.Development and Application of Compression Drainer[J].Oil Field Machinery,2003,32(3):40-42.
[33]赵勇.投开式泄油器的研制与应用[J].才智,2011,(6):347-348.ZHAO Yong.The Development and Application of the Open-type Drainer[J].Intellect,2011,(6):347-348.
[34]范明理,卢晓辉,陈勇,等.新型液压泄油器的研制及应用[J].石油化工应用,2017,36(2):2-4.FAN Mingli,LU Xiaohui,CHEN Yong,et al.Development and Application of New Hydraulic Oil Drainer[J].Petrochemical Applications,2017,36(2):2-4.
[35]徐文庆,刘长福.旋转式泄油器的研制与设计[J].石油矿场机械,2003,32(4):38.XU Wenqing,LIU Changfu.The Development and Design of Rotary Drainer[J].Oil Field Equipment,2003,32(4):38.
[36]景士锟.浅谈水平井牵引器的发展及应用[J].石化技术,2016,28(9):253-256.JING Shikun.The Development and Application of a Horizontal Well Tractor[J].Petrochemical Technology,2016,28(9):253-256.
[37]李勇.水平井连续管入井方法探析[J].石油机械,2009,10(12):28-100.LI Yong.A Continuous Pipe Drilling Method for Horizontal Wells[J].Petroleum Machinery,2009,10(12):28-100.
[38]周劲辉,张勇,李翠.水平井自扶正式电缆牵引器的设计[J].石油机械,2015,10(2):79-82.ZHOU Jinhui,ZHANG Yong,LI Cui.The Design of the Official Cable Tractor in Horizontal Well[J].Petroleum Machinery,2015,10(2):79-82.
[39]LABANC L.Downhole Tractors Expand Extended Reach Possibilities[J].Offshore,1995,55(8):28.
[40]STVANG K,HAUKVIK J,SKEIE T.The Wireline Tractor Op-erations Successful in Horizontal Wells[J].World Oil,1997,(4):126.
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